公开(公告)号：US08896977B2

公开(公告)日：2014-11-25

申请号：US13387123

申请日：2010-05-11

申请人： Uwe Kaltenborn

发明人： Uwe Kaltenborn

IPC分类号： H02H3/08 ,  H02H7/30 ,  H02J3/04 ,  H02H3/02

CPC分类号： H02H7/30 ,  H02H3/021 ,  H02J3/04

摘要： A method for operating an electrical power supply network is described. The power supply network has several levels of different voltages. The levels are interconnected by switches. A first switch is made so that the maximum interruptible short-circuit current of the first switch is smaller than the maximum flowing short-circuit current. In the event of failure, a test is made as to whether the short-circuit current presently flowing through the first switch is smaller than the maximum interruptible short-circuit current. The first switch will remain closed if this is not the case, and the first switch will be opened if this is the case.

摘要翻译： 描述了一种用于操作电力供应网络的方法。 电源网络具有多个不同电压等级。 这些电平由开关互连。 进行第一开关使得第一开关的最大可中断短路电流小于最大流动短路电流。 在发生故障的情况下，测试目前流经第一开关的短路电流是否小于最大可中断短路电流。 如果不是这样，第一个开关将保持关闭，如果是这样，第一个开关将被打开。

公开(公告)号：US06831546B2

公开(公告)日：2004-12-14

申请号：US10449514

申请日：2003-06-02

申请人： Uwe Kaltenborn ,  Guido Hoffmann

发明人： Uwe Kaltenborn ,  Guido Hoffmann

IPC分类号： H01H8530

CPC分类号： H01H85/306

摘要： The impact signaling system (9) is used in a high-voltage protective device and has a housing (13), a spring (16) which is arranged in the housing (13) and has a moveable end, an actuator (17) which can be passed out of the housing (13) and interacts with the moveable end of the spring (16), a high-resistance resistor wire (12) which is connected in parallel with a fusible wire of the protective device, and a holder which absorbs the prestress of the spring (16). The holder contains a section of the high-resistance resistor wire (12) which is in the form of a winding (18) and is passed at least once around the moveable end of the spring (16) in order to form the prestress, and which is at least partially in thermally conductive contact with the material of the activator (20). Above a limit temperature, the activator (20) lifts, for example by destruction of the winding (18) or by melting through, the holder and activates the impact signaling system (9) by reducing the load on the spring (16).

摘要翻译： 冲击信号系统（9）用于高压保护装置，并具有壳体（13），布置在壳体（13）中并具有可动端的弹簧（16），致动器（17） 可以从壳体（13）中通过并与弹簧（16）的可移动端相互作用，与保护装置的可熔线并联连接的高电阻电阻线（12）和保持器 吸收弹簧（16）的预应力。 保持器包含一个呈线圈（18）形式的高阻电阻线（12）的一部分，并且围绕弹簧（16）的可移动端至少通过一次以便形成预应力，并且 其至少部分地与活化剂（20）的材料进行导热接触。 在极限温度之上，活化器（20）例如通过破坏绕组（18）或通过熔化通过保持器而提升，并通过减小弹簧（16）上的负载来激活冲击信号系统（9）。

公开(公告)号：US06791448B2

公开(公告)日：2004-09-14

申请号：US10275095

申请日：2002-11-01

申请人： Uwe Kaltenborn ,  Pal Kristian Skryten

发明人： Uwe Kaltenborn ,  Pal Kristian Skryten

IPC分类号： H01H8506

CPC分类号： H01H85/11 ,  H01H85/06 ,  Y10T29/49107

摘要： A fuse has a fuse element (6) with a fusible conductor (7) of a conductor material (8) such as Ag, Cu or Al and is provided with doping points (9) following one another at regular intervals. There, the conductor material (8) has a directly adjoining layer of a first compound (10) of the same with a doping material such as In or Ge. It forms mixed crystals which contain the conductor material (8) and the doping material in a fixed stoichiometric ratio, such as for example Ag2In, and is separated from said conductor material by a stable phase boundary. The doping points (9) weaken the fusible conductor by lowering the melting point to below 250° C., so that arc formation rapidly occurs there when there are short-circuit currents, although its electrical resistance per unit of length is under some circumstances only a few percent greater than in the remaining region. The fusible conductor (7) bears a continuous layer of a burn-up material (12). It has an ignition temperature which is preferably lower than the melting point of the first compound (10).

摘要翻译： 保险丝具有熔丝元件（6），其具有诸如Ag，Cu或Al的导体材料（8）的可熔导体（7），并且以规则的间隔设置有彼此相邻的掺杂点（9）。 在那里，导体材料（8）具有与掺杂材料如In或Ge的与第一化合物（10）直接邻接的层。 它形成混合晶体，其含有固定化学计量比例如Ag 2 In的导体材料（8）和掺杂材料，并且通过稳定的相界与所述导体材料分离。 掺杂点（9）通过将熔点降低到250℃以下来削弱易熔体，使得当存在短路电流时，电弧形成迅速发生，尽管其单位长度的电阻仅在某些情况下 比其余地区大几个百分点。 熔断体（7）承载着连续的燃烧材料层（12）。 其点火温度优选低于第一化合物（10）的熔点。

公开(公告)号：US06720858B2

公开(公告)日：2004-04-13

申请号：US10156838

申请日：2002-05-30

申请人： Uwe Kaltenborn ,  Lutz Niemeyer

发明人： Uwe Kaltenborn ,  Lutz Niemeyer

IPC分类号： H01H8542

CPC分类号： H01H85/42 ,  C08L2201/12 ,  H01H85/042 ,  H01H85/055 ,  H01H85/38 ,  H01H2085/0004 ,  H01H2085/388

摘要： In a fuse chamber (8) there is arranged as a quenching gas source a burn-off element (11), which concentrically surrounds an arc chamber (10) and is separated from it by a fuse element (9), which consists of metal foil, preferably silver foil, and the outer side of which is adjoined by the burn-off element (11). The latter consists of an igniting material (12), arranged in the form of a ring running around centrally, and a gas-evolving material (13). Both materials consist, for example, of guanidine or guanidine derivatives as the combustible material and an oxidant, the proportion of which in the igniting material (12) is hyperstoichiometric. The arc chamber (10) is bounded at opposite ends by nozzles (7a,b), which connect it to exhaust volumes (4a,b). When there is an overcurrent, the fuse element (9) heats up to the igniting temperature of the igniting material (12) and is torn open centrally. The arc forming is axially blown by the quenching gas, which forms during the burning-off of the burn-off element (11), and quenched. The fuse element (9) may centrally have a triggering zone, where it is more easily interruptible, in particular meltable. The quenching gas source may also comprise compressed-gas tanks or cold-gas generators.

摘要翻译： 在保险丝室（8）中，将淬火元件（11）设置为淬火元件（11），所述燃烧元件同心地围绕电弧室（10）并与熔断元件（9）分离，所述保险丝元件由金属 箔，优选银箔，其外侧由燃烧元件（11）邻接。 后者由点火材料（12）构成，该点火材料（12）以环绕中心的方式布置成环形气体和气体放出材料（13）。 这两种材料都包括例如胍或胍衍生物作为可燃材料和氧化剂，其在点燃材料（12）中的比例是高度化学计量的。 电弧室（10）在相对端通过喷嘴（7a，b）限定，其连接到排气容积（4a，b）。 当存在过电流时，保险丝元件（9）加热到点火材料（12）的点火温度，并且在中心处被撕开。 通过淬火气体在烧掉燃烧元件（11）的过程中形成的圆弧形成轴向吹塑并骤冷。 保险丝元件（9）可以集中地具有触发区域，其中它更易于中断，特别是可熔化的。 淬火气体源还可以包括压缩气体罐或冷气发生器。