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公开(公告)号：US20050227140A1
公开(公告)日：2005-10-13
申请号：US11026728
申请日：2005-04-13
CPC分类号： H01M4/8807 , H01M4/8605 , H01M4/8817 , H01M4/92 , H01M4/96 , H01M8/1004 , H01M8/1009 , Y02E60/523 , Y10T428/30
摘要： A fuel cell diffusion layer providing a preferential path by which liquid reactants or byproducts may be supplied to or removed from a direct oxidation fuel cell is described. The modified diffusion layer will be typically on the cathode side of the fuel cell and its use is to eliminate or minimize flooding of the cathode diffusion layer area, which is a performance limiting condition in direct methanol fuel cells. In accordance with one embodiment of the invention, the diffusion layer includes a substrate that is coated with a microporous layer. A pattern may be embossed into the diffusion layer, to create preferential flow paths by which water will travel and thereby be removed from the cathode catalyst area. This avoids cathode flooding and avoids build up of potentially destructive pressure by possible cathodic water accumulation. This also provides a means for collecting cathode water for redirection In accordance with another aspect of the invention, the preferential path is established by applying a thicker microporous layer to the carbon cloth or carbon paper and drying it in such a fashion so that when it dries, the surface of the microporous layer cracks to provide the pathways.
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12.发明申请公开(公告)号：US20050026005A1
公开(公告)日：2005-02-03
申请号：US10631073
申请日：2003-07-31
CPC分类号： C25B1/46 , C25B9/08 , C25B11/035 , H01M4/8605 , H01M4/8807 , H01M4/8828 , H01M4/92 , H01M4/926
摘要： Oxygen-consuming zero gap chlor-alkali cell was configured to minimize peroxide formation. The cell included an ion-exchange membrane that divided the cell into an anode chamber including an anode and a cathode chamber including an oxygen gas diffusion cathode. The cathode included a single-piece of electrically conducting graphitized carbon cloth. Catalyst and polytetrafluoroethylene were attached to only one side of the cloth. When the cathode was positioned against the cation exchange membrane with the catalyst side away from the membrane, electrolysis of sodium chloride to chlorine and caustic (sodium hydroxide) proceeded with minimal peroxide formation.
摘要翻译： 耗氧的零间隙氯碱电池被配置成使过氧化物形成最小化。 电池包括将电池分成包括阳极的阳极室和包括氧气扩散阴极的阴极室的离子交换膜。 阴极包括单片导电石墨化碳布。 催化剂和聚四氟乙烯仅附着在布的一侧。 当阴极靠近阳离子交换膜而使催化剂侧远离膜时，氯化钠电解为氯和苛性碱（氢氧化钠）进行了最小的过氧化物形成。
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公开(公告)号：US06383640B1
公开(公告)日：2002-05-07
申请号：US09653615
申请日：2000-08-31
申请人： Steven Z. Shi , Shimshon Gottesfeld
发明人： Steven Z. Shi , Shimshon Gottesfeld
IPC分类号： B32B900
CPC分类号： H01G9/155 , B32B9/00 , C08G61/126 , H01G11/48 , H01L51/0036 , Y02E60/13 , Y10T428/30
摘要： In accordance with the purposes of the present invention, as embodied and broadly described herein, the present invention is directed to an electrode having a conducting polymer active material for use in an ultracapacitor. The conducting polymer active material is electropolymerized onto a carbon paper substrate from a mixed solution of a dimer of (3,3′ bithiophene) (BT) and a monomer that is selected from the group of thiophenes derived in the 3-position, having an aryl group attached to thiophene in the 3-position or having aryl and alkly groups independently attached to thiophene in the 3 and 4 positions.
摘要翻译： 根据本发明的目的，如本文所体现和广泛描述的，本发明涉及一种具有用于超级电容器的导电聚合物活性材料的电极。 将导电聚合物活性材料从（3,3'二噻吩）（BT）的二聚体和选自3-位衍生的噻吩类的单体的混合溶液中电聚合到碳纸基材上，具有 在3-位上连接到噻吩上的芳基或在3和4位独立地连接到噻吩上的芳基和烷基。
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公开(公告)号：US5227042A
公开(公告)日：1993-07-13
申请号：US883746
申请日：1992-05-15
IPC分类号： C12Q1/00
CPC分类号： C12Q1/003 , C12Q1/005 , Y10S435/817
摘要： An enzyme electrode is prepared with a composite coating on an electrical conductor. The composite coating is formed from a casting solution of a perfluorosulfonic acid polymer, an enzyme, and a carbon supported catalyst. The solution may be cast directly on the conductor surface or may be formed as a membrane and applied to the surface. The perfluorosulfonic acid ionomer formed from the casting solution provides an insoluble biocompatible protective matrix for the enzyme and acts to retain the enzyme for long term availability in the electrode structure. The carbon supported catalyst provides catalytic sites throughout the layer for the oxidation of hydrogen peroxide from the enzyme reactions. The carbon support then provides a conductive path for establishing an electrical signal to the electrical conductor. In one embodiment, the electrical conductor is a carbon cloth that permits oxygen or other gas to be introduced to the perfluorosulfonic polymer to promote the enzyme reaction independent of oxygen in the solution being tested.
摘要翻译： 用电导体上的复合涂层制备酶电极。 复合涂层由全氟磺酸聚合物，酶和负载碳的催化剂的流延溶液形成。 溶液可以直接浇铸在导体表面上，或者可以形成为膜并施加到表面上。 由浇铸溶液形成的全氟磺酸离聚物为酶提供了不溶的生物相容性保护基质，并且用于保留酶在电极结构中的长期可利用性。 碳载体催化剂在整个层中提供催化位点，用于从酶反应中氧化过氧化氢。 碳载体然后提供用于向电导体建立电信号的导电路径。 在一个实施方案中，电导体是碳布，其允许将氧气或其它气体引入全氟磺酸聚合物以促进酶反应，而与所测溶液中的氧无关。
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15.发明申请Use of Ammonia as Source of Hydrogen Fuel and as a Getter for Air-CO2 in Alkaline Membrane Fuel Cells 审中-公开使用氨作为氢燃料的来源和作为碱性膜燃料电池中的空气二氧化碳的吸气剂公开(公告)号：US20130130136A1
公开(公告)日：2013-05-23
申请号：US13529188
申请日：2012-06-21
申请人： Miles Page , Dario Dekel , Ziv Gottesfeld , Shimshon Gottesfeld
发明人： Miles Page , Dario Dekel , Ziv Gottesfeld , Shimshon Gottesfeld
IPC分类号： H01M8/06
CPC分类号： H01M8/0606 , H01M8/0263 , H01M8/06 , H01M8/0668 , H01M8/222 , H01M2008/1095 , Y02E60/364 , Y02E60/50
摘要： Embodiments of the invention provide an ammonia operated fuel cell system including an alkaline membrane fuel cell (AMFC) having an anode, and an ammonia thermal cracker including a combustion chamber, the cracker being in gas communication with an ammonia source, and configured to provide a supply of H2 directly to the AMFC anode.
摘要翻译： 本发明的实施方案提供了一种氨操作的燃料电池系统，其包括具有阳极的碱性膜燃料电池（AMFC）和包括燃烧室的氨热裂解器，所述裂化器与氨源气体连通，并且构造成提供 直接向AMFC阳极供应H2。
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16.发明申请Alkaline Membrane Fuel Cells and Apparatus and Methods for Supplying Water Thereto 审中-公开碱性膜燃料电池及其供水设备及方法公开(公告)号：US20120321991A1
公开(公告)日：2012-12-20
申请号：US13598028
申请日：2012-08-29
CPC分类号： H01M8/103 , H01M4/8605 , H01M4/8807 , H01M4/881 , H01M4/8825 , H01M4/8853 , H01M4/886 , H01M4/8871 , H01M4/8892 , H01M8/023 , H01M8/0289 , H01M8/083 , H01M8/106 , H01M8/1062 , H01M8/1067 , H01M8/1088 , H01M8/1093 , Y02P70/56
摘要： A device to produce electricity by a chemical reaction without the addition of liquid electrolyte comprises an anode electrode, a polymer membrane electrolyte fabricated to conduct hydroxyl (OH—) ions, the membrane being in physical contact with the anode electrode on a first side of the membrane, and a cathode electrode in physical contact with a second side of the membrane. The anode electrode and cathode electrode contain catalysts, and the catalysts are constructed substantially entirely from non-precious metal catalysts. Water may be transferred to the cathode side of the membrane from an external source of water.
摘要翻译： 在没有添加液体电解质的情况下通过化学反应产生电的装置包括阳极电极，制造成进行羟基（OH-）离子的聚合物膜电解质），所述膜在阳极电极的第一面上与阳极电极物理接触 膜和与膜的第二侧物理接触的阴极电极。 阳极电极和阴极电极含有催化剂，催化剂基本上完全由非贵金属催化剂构成。 水可以从外部水源转移到膜的阴极侧。
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公开(公告)号：US20120321973A1
公开(公告)日：2012-12-20
申请号：US13598035
申请日：2012-08-29
IPC分类号： H01M8/06
CPC分类号： H01M8/103 , H01M4/8605 , H01M4/8807 , H01M4/881 , H01M4/8825 , H01M4/8853 , H01M4/886 , H01M4/8871 , H01M4/8892 , H01M8/023 , H01M8/0289 , H01M8/083 , H01M8/106 , H01M8/1062 , H01M8/1067 , H01M8/1088 , H01M8/1093 , Y02P70/56
摘要： A device to produce electricity by a chemical reaction without the addition of liquid electrolyte comprises an anode electrode, a polymer membrane electrolyte fabricated to conduct hydroxyl (OH—) ions, the membrane being in physical contact with the anode electrode on a first side of the membrane, and a cathode electrode in physical contact with a second side of the membrane. The anode electrode and cathode electrode contain catalysts, and the catalysts are constructed substantially entirely from non-precious metal catalysts. Water may be transferred to the cathode side of the membrane from an external source of water.
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公开(公告)号：US07282293B2
公开(公告)日：2007-10-16
申请号：US10454211
申请日：2003-06-04
CPC分类号： H01M8/04186 , H01M8/04171 , H01M8/04291 , H01M8/1011 , H01M8/2475 , Y02E60/523
摘要： Passive water management techniques are provided in an air-breathing direct oxidation fuel cell system. A highly hydrophobic component with sub-micrometer wide pores is laminated to the catalyzed membrane electrolyte on the cathode side. This component blocks liquid water from traveling out of the cathode and instead causes the water to be driven through the polymer membrane electrolyte to the cell anode. The air-breathing direct oxidation fuel cell also includes a layer of cathode backing and additional cathode filter components on an exterior aspect of the cell cathode which lessen the water vapor escape rate from the cell cathode. The combination of the well laminated hydrophobic microporous layer, the thicker backing and the added filter layer, together defines a cathode structure of unique water management capacity, that enables to operate a DMFC with direct, controlled rate supply of neat (100%) methanol, without the need for any external supply or pumping of water. The cell anode is provided with a hydrophilic backing layer. When the water is driven through the polymer membrane electrolyte from the cell cathode to the cell anode chamber, it is available for the anodic reaction, and any excess water is carried out along CO2 ventilation channels to the outside environment.
摘要翻译： 被动水管理技术在空气呼吸直接氧化燃料电池系统中提供。 将具有亚微米宽孔的高疏水性组分层压到阴极侧的催化膜电解质上。 该组分阻止液体水从阴极流出，而是使水通过聚合物膜电解质驱动到电池阳极。 空气呼吸直接氧化燃料电池还包括在电池阴极的外部方面的阴极背衬和附加的阴极过滤器部件的层，其降低了来自电池阴极的水蒸气逸出速率。 良好层压的疏水微孔层，较厚的背衬和增加的过滤层的组合共同限定了独特的水管理能力的阴极结构，能够以直（100％）的甲醇直接控制速率供应来操作DMFC， 而不需要任何外部供应或抽水。 电池阳极设置有亲水背衬层。 当水通过聚合物膜电解质从电池阴极驱动到电池阳极室时，可用于阳极反应，并且任何多余的水都沿着CO 2通气通道进入外部 环境。
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公开(公告)号：US06981877B2
公开(公告)日：2006-01-03
申请号：US10078601
申请日：2002-02-19
申请人： Xiaoming Ren , Juan J. Becerra , Gerhard Beckmann , Eric J. Brown , Michael S. DeFilippis , Jay K. Neutzler , Shimshon Gottesfeld
发明人： Xiaoming Ren , Juan J. Becerra , Gerhard Beckmann , Eric J. Brown , Michael S. DeFilippis , Jay K. Neutzler , Shimshon Gottesfeld
CPC分类号： H01M8/0668 , H01M4/8605 , H01M4/921 , H01M8/023 , H01M8/04156 , H01M8/04186 , H01M8/1004 , H01M8/1011 , H01M8/248 , Y02E60/523
摘要： A simplified direct oxidation fuel cell system is provided. The fuel cell is constructed in such a manner that fuel is added to the cell anode as it is consumed and water is evaporated off at cell cathode so that there is no need for recirculation of unreacted fuel at the cell anode or water at the cell cathode. In addition, carbon dioxide generated from the anodic reaction is passively vented out of the system by using a CO2 gas permeable membrane material integrated as part of the anode chamber construction. Other embodiments of the invention include a fuel container and delivery assembly.
摘要翻译： 提供简化的直接氧化燃料电池系统。 燃料电池被构造成使得燃料在其被消耗时被添加到电池阳极中，并且水在电池阴极处被蒸发，使得不需要再循环在电解池阳极处的未反应燃料或在电池阴极处的水 。 此外，通过使用集成为阳极室结构的一部分的CO 2气体可渗透膜材料，从阳极反应产生的二氧化碳被动地排出系统。 本发明的其它实施例包括燃料容器和输送组件。
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20.发明授权System and method for safe removal/oxidative decomposition of fuel from a fuel container 有权从燃料容器安全地去除/氧化分解燃料的系统和方法公开(公告)号：US06936368B2
公开(公告)日：2005-08-30
申请号：US10417453
申请日：2003-04-16
CPC分类号： H01M8/04208 , H01M8/04186 , H01M8/0687 , H01M8/1011 , H01M2008/1095 , Y02E60/523
摘要： A system and method for removal or oxidative decomposition of fuel from a fuel storage container for use in a direct oxidation fuel cell and direct oxidation fuel cell system wherein the fuel permeates through a material and can be exposed to a catalyst/enzyme which oxidizes the fuel as it leaves the storage container. The system includes a fuel storage container provided with a catalyst-coated material. An airtight seal is provided over the catalyzed area, which seal is broken to allow oxygen access, and consequently the catalytic reaction. The airtight seal may be broken by simple manual methods or automatic methods on removal of the container from the fuel cell system.
摘要翻译： 一种用于从用于直接氧化燃料电池和直接氧化燃料电池系统的燃料储存容器中去除或氧化分解燃料的系统和方法，其中燃料渗透材料并可暴露于氧化燃料的催化剂/酶 当它离开存储容器。 该系统包括设置有催化剂涂覆材料的燃料储存容器。 在催化区域上提供气密密封，该密封件被破坏以允许氧气进入，从而导致催化反应。 通过简单的手动方法或从燃料电池系统移除容器的自动方法可以破坏气密密封。
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