Abstract:
An out-of-plane micro-structure which can be used for on-chip integration of high-Q inductors and transformers places the magnetic field direction parallel to the substrate plane without requiring high aspect ratio processing. The photolithographically patterned coil structure includes an elastic member having an intrinsic stress profile. The intrinsic stress profile biases a free portion away from the substrate forming a loop winding. An anchor portion remains fixed to the substrate. The free portion end becomes a second anchor portion which may be connected to the substrate via soldering or plating. A series of individual coil structures can be joined via their anchor portions to form inductors and transformers.
Abstract:
An electrostatic type voltmeter for measuring the potential on a surface, the voltmeter including a probe; a support for supporting the probe in spaced relationship with the surface, the probe having a plurality of spacing element sites thereon for measuring a distance between each of the plurality of spacing element sites and a corresponding area on the surface opposite of each of the plurality of spacing element sites; a plurality of electrostatic element sites, intermixed and adjacent to the plurality of spacing element sites on the probe, for measuring a voltage between each of the plurality of spacing element sites and an area on the surface adjacent to the corresponding area opposite of each of the plurality of spacing element sites. A processor for compensating an output signal of the probe in response to the measurements received from the plurality of spacing element sites and the plurality of electrostatic element sites.