Abstract:
There is disclosed an automatic eye refractive power measuring apparatus for automatically measuring refractive power of an eye under test by means of objective measurement. It comprises a projection system for projecting a measuring target image to a retina of the eye under test by invisible light; an imaging optical system for imaging a reflection image of the measuring target image projected to the retina and reflected by the retina; an opto-electric detector having a photosensitive surface disposed at imaging position and adapted to output electrical signal corresponding to the measuring target image formed on the photosensitive surface; display device for displaying the measuring target image reflected on the retina based on the electrical signal as a visible image; and an auto-measuring portion adapted to detect focussing state of the measuring target image projected to the retina based on the electrical signal and automatically calculated refractive power of the eye under test from the electrical signal.
Abstract:
An improved eye refractive power measuring apparatus is disclosed. The apparatus includes a measurement system for projecting a measurement target image to the retina of an eye to be tested and measuring the refractivity of the eye to be tested by detecting the focussing state of the measuring target image. In addition, it has an eye position detection system for detecting a shifted amount from a proper position of the eye to be tested and an arrangement for correcting a measurement result of the eye refractivity based on such detected result.
Abstract:
In an ophthalmoscopic instrument such as an eye fundus camera or an eye refractometer, a device is provided for detecting the position of a patient's eye. The device includes a target projecting system for projecting a light beam to the patient's eye, an imaging lens for imaging the light beam as reflected at the patient's eye and a detector for sensing the reflected light beam. A chopper is provided for selectively passing the reflected light beam to the detector for making it possible to produce a signal which includes informations of imaging condition of the light beam at the detector.
Abstract:
A method of measuring the diameter of an electron beam in which the electron beam diameter is measured from the leading edge or trailing edge of a detector signal that is obtained as the mark area formed on the specimen is scanned by the electron beam. This method comprises the following steps: scanning the specimen by the electron beam at least once to find the maximum and minimum values of the detector signal; setting two threshold levels based on the maximum and minimum values; scanning the mark area by the electron beam to measure the time interval during which the level of the detector signal is within the two threshold levels; and calculating the beam diameter.
Abstract:
A vision testing instrument has a projecting optical system for projecting a test chart to produce an aerial image. In the optical system, there is provided a focusing reflector for producing a chart image at a far point. A second focusing reflector is provided so that it can be retractably inserted into the projecting optical path for producing a chart image at a near point.
Abstract:
A pump characteristics expression of a pump is developed based on a closed-state pressure detected when the pump is driven while a space between a pump passage and a first passage is closed, an open-time pressure detected immediately after the space is opened while the pump is operated, and a flow rate characteristics expression of the pump passage. A reference pressure is determined by an intersection point between the pump characteristics expression of the pump and a flow rate characteristics expression of an orifice having a predetermined passage area. A leak check portion determines whether a leak of fuel evaporation generated from a fuel tank is within an allowable range by comparing the reference pressure and a pressure detected when the pump is operated for a predetermined period while the space is opened.
Abstract:
A sub-injector injects liquid fuel into a vaporized-fuel chamber of a vaporized-fuel tank. The injected liquid fuel is vaporized in the vaporized-fuel chamber. The generated vaporized fuel is supplied to a combustion chamber through a vaporized-fuel passage. A supply of the vaporized fuel to the combustion chamber is controlled by a purge valve. Thereby, the vaporized fuel can be precisely supplied to the engine at a start of engine, so that emission can be reduced.
Abstract:
A charged particle beam drawing apparatus has a drawing chamber including a movable stage which supports a mask, the mask being formed by applying a resist to an upper surface of a mask substrate, an optical column for applying a charged particle beam to draw patterns in the resist, a charged particle beam dose correction portion for correcting a dose of the charged particle beam applied from the optical column to the resist on the basis of proximity effect and fogging effect, and a conversion coefficient changing portion for changing a conversion coefficient on the basis of pattern density in the resist and a position in the resist, wherein the conversion coefficient is a ratio of an accumulation energy of the charged particle beam accumulated in the resist, to an accumulation dose of the charged particle beam accumulated in the resist.
Abstract:
Stable receiving action is achieved with a receiver of simpler configuration.When a human hand is held over the panel unit 201, the electric field in the vicinity of the human body is coupled to the sensor electrode 2122 of the coil sensor 212 from the receiving electrode 211 of the panel unit 201, and alternate current is generated at the sensor electrode 2122. This alternate current then induces a magnetic flux inside the central opening of the coil 2121 in proportion to the strength of the electric field in the vicinity of the human body. Depending on the changes in this magnetic flux, electric current passes through the coil 2121. The electric current passing through the coil 2121 is converted by the electric current detecting circuit 2124 of the coil sensor 212 to voltage signals and transmitted as received signals to the demodulator 22. As a result, the received signals corresponding to the electric field in the vicinity of the human body, namely the transmission signals applied by the transmitter 1 to the human body, are obtained.
Abstract:
A fuel supply device includes: an injector that injects and supplies fuel to an engine; a pressure accumulator communicating with a cylinder of the engine through a communication passage; a valve that opens or closes the communication passage; and a controller that controls the injector and the valve. When the engine is rotated, an air-fuel mixture is compressed in the cylinder, and an accumulating portion of the controller accumulates the air-fuel mixture in the pressure accumulator. When the engine is restarted, a supplying portion of the controller supplies the air-fuel mixture accumulated in the pressure accumulator to the cylinder.