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    Emulsion neutralization of high total acid number (TAN) crude oil
    16.
    发明申请
    Emulsion neutralization of high total acid number (TAN) crude oil 审中-公开
    乳酸中和高总酸值（TAN）原油

    公开(公告)号：US20060054538A1

    公开(公告)日：2006-03-16

    申请号：US11202593

    申请日：2005-08-12

    Applicant: Edward Hsu ,  Rutton Patel ,  Leo Brown

    Inventor： Edward Hsu ,  Rutton Patel ,  Leo Brown

    IPC: C10G19/00

    CPC classification number: C10G19/02 ,  C02F1/66 ,  C02F2103/10 ,  C10G19/073 ,  C10G33/00

    Abstract: This invention is a method for reducing the total acid number of organic acid containing petroleum oil comprising forming a water-in-oil emulsion comprising an aqueous Group IIA metal hydroxide solution or slurry in a hydrocarbon oil, said water-in-oil emulsion having an aqueous droplet particle size diameter of from 1 to 25μ, adding the water-in-oil emulsion to the organic acid containing petroleum oil and permitting the mixture to stand for a time sufficient to permit the neutralization of the organic acids in the petroleum oil.

    Abstract translation: 本发明是一种减少含有机酸的石油的总酸值的方法，其包括在烃油中形成包含IIA族金属氢氧化物水溶液或浆料的油包水乳液，所述油包水乳液具有 水滴粒度直径为1至25mu，将油包水乳状液加入到含有机酸的石油中，并使混合物静置足以允许中和石油中的有机酸的时间。

    Process to upgrade crude oils by destruction of naphthenic acids, removal of sulfur and removal of salts
    17.
    发明授权
    Process to upgrade crude oils by destruction of naphthenic acids, removal of sulfur and removal of salts 失效
    通过破坏环烷酸，除去硫和除去盐来提炼原油的方法

    公开(公告)号：US5985137A

    公开(公告)日：1999-11-16

    申请号：US31343

    申请日：1998-02-26

    Applicant: Ernest O. Ohsol ,  Thomas E. Gillespie ,  John W. Pinkerton

    Inventor： Ernest O. Ohsol ,  Thomas E. Gillespie ,  John W. Pinkerton

    IPC: C10G19/073 ,  C10G29/16 ,  C10G17/00 ,  C10G19/00

    CPC classification number: C10G29/16 ,  C10G19/073

    Abstract: A method for upgrading an oil stream containing naphthenic acid and sulfur contaminants is described. In this method, an oil stream with naphthenic acid and sulfur contaminants is upgraded by the following steps. First, the oil stream is mixed with an alkaline earth metal oxide in an amount effective to convert substantially all of the naphthenic acid contaminants to non-acidic compounds and alkaline earth metal carbonate and also to convert substantially all of the sulfur contaminants to alkaline earth metal sulfide. Then, the mixture is heated under a pressure sufficient to prevent vaporization of the mixture to a temperature sufficient and for a time sufficient to react the naphthenic acid contaminants with the alkaline earth oxide to form the corresponding non-acidic compounds and alkaline earth carbonates. In the meantime, substantially all of the sulfur contaminants react with the alkaline earth oxide to form the alkaline earth sulfide. After the desired reaction is complete, the alkaline earth carbonate and the alkaline earth sulfide is separated from the oil stream. Upgraded oil is thus obtained.

    Abstract translation: 描述了一种用于升级含有环烷酸和硫污染物的油流的方法。 在该方法中，通过以下步骤升级具有环烷酸和硫污染物的油料流。 首先，将油流与碱土金属氧化物混合，其量有效地将基本上所有的环烷酸污染物转化为非酸性化合物和碱土金属碳酸盐，并且还将基本上所有的硫污染物转化为碱土金属 硫化物。 然后，将混合物在足以防止混合物蒸发至足以使环烷酸污染物与碱土金属氧化物反应形成相应的非酸性化合物和碱土金属碳酸盐的时间的温度下加热。 同时，基本上所有的硫污染物都与碱土金属氧化物反应形成碱土金属硫化物。 在所需反应完成后，将碱土金属碳酸盐和碱土金属硫化物与油流分离。 因此获得升级的油。

    Chemically active vapor/liquid separator
    18.
    发明授权
    Chemically active vapor/liquid separator 失效
    化学活性蒸汽/液体分离器

    公开(公告)号：US5620589A

    公开(公告)日：1997-04-15

    申请号：US367413

    申请日：1994-12-30

    Applicant: Tsoung Y. Yan

    Inventor： Tsoung Y. Yan

    IPC: B01D53/68 ,  C07C7/148 ,  C10G19/073 ,  C10G67/00 ,  B01D53/02 ,  C07C7/12 ,  C10G49/22

    CPC classification number: C07C7/1485 ,  B01D53/685 ,  C10G19/073

    Abstract: Acidic halides, especially chlorides, in two phase (vapor and hydrocarbon liquid) reactor effluent are separated and at least the halides in the vapor fraction neutralized in a vapor/liquid separator with an alkaline neutralization medium such as an alumina treater impregnated with NaOH. The treater may remove halides from both the vapor and liquid phase within the separator.

    Abstract translation: 分离两相（蒸汽和烃液体）反应器流出物中的酸式卤化物，特别是氯化物，并且使用碱性中和介质，例如用NaOH浸渍的氧化铝处理器，在气/液分离器中中和至少蒸气馏分中的卤化物。 处理器可以从分离器内的气相和液相中除去卤化物。

    Chlorination of hydrocarbons
    19.
    发明授权
    Chlorination of hydrocarbons 失效
    碳氢化合物的氯化

    公开(公告)号：US3760014A

    公开(公告)日：1973-09-18

    申请号：US3760014D

    申请日：1971-02-22

    Applicant: HIXON MARTIN J

    Inventor： BARRY HASKETT F

    IPC: C07C17/12 ,  C10G19/073 ,  C10G29/02 ,  C10G29/04 ,  C07C25/06 ,  C07C25/08

    CPC classification number: C10G29/04 ,  C07C17/12 ,  C10G19/073 ,  C10G29/02 ,  C07C25/02

    Abstract: A process for the chlorination of hydrocarbons wherein the production of the chlorinated hydrocarbon is accelerated by carrying out such chlorination in the presence of sodium sulfide. The presence of sodium sulfide leads to the production of the chlorinated hydrocarbon, hydrogen sulfide, and sodium chloride as products. The sodium sulfide is preferably that produced in the desulfurization of petroleum fractions utilizing metallic sodium. This application is a continuation-in-part of application Ser. No. 735,397, filed June 7, 1968, now U.S. Pat. No. 365792. The present invention is directed to the improved process for the chlorination of hydrocarbons; more particularly, the present invention is directed to an improved process for the chlorination of aliphatic and aromatic hydrocarbons wherein such chlorination is carried out in the presence of sodium sulfide. Various processes are known for the chlorination of hydrocarbons, specifically aliphatic and aromatic hydrocarbons so as to produce a mono- and di-chlorinated product. Most of these processes involve the reaction of chlorine with the aliphatic or aromatic hydrocarbon. While various catalysts have been known for accelerating amd promoting of the chlorination reaction, many processes developed heretofore have been found to have various deficiencies. In this regard, for example, acceleration of the chlorination reaction to a point of maximum conversion to the mono- or di-chlorinated hydrocarbon has always been lacking. In accordance with the present invention, however, a process has been discovered whereby it is possible to chlorinate aliphatic and aromatic hydrocarbons so as to produce the mono- and di-chlorinated product in a manner eliminating the various drawbacks of previously developed processes. Such improvements in accordance with the present invention involve carrying out the chlorination of an aliphatic or aromatic hydrocarbon with chlorine at a temperature of from about 20* to 150*C. wherein the process is conducted in the presence of sodium sulfide. It is hypothesized in accordance with the present invention that the presence of sodium sulfide in the chlorination reaction accelerates and promotes the production of the chlorinated hydrocarbon by providing for the production of stable products in addition thereto, i.e., sodium chloride and hydrogen sulfide. In this way the reaction is accelerated toward the production of the desired mono- or di-chlorinated hydrocarbon. Accordingly, it is a principle object of the present invention to provide a process for the chlorination of hydrocarbons wherein such process eliminates the inherent disadvantages and deficiencies of heretofore proposed processes. It is a further object of the present invention to provide such a process for the chlorination of hydrocarbons wherein such process is improved by the presence of sodium sulfide in the chlorination reaction. A still further object of the present invention relates to the process for the chlorination of aliphatic and aromatic hydrocarbons with chlorine at a temperature of 20* to 150*C., such process being characterized by the presence of sodium sulfide. Yet a further object of the present invention relates to an improved process for the chlorination of aliphatic anD aromatic hydrocarbons with chlorine wherein such process is carried out in the presence of sodium sulfide derived from the desulfurization of petroleum factions with metallic sodium. Still further objects and advantages of the novel process of the present invention will become more apparent from the following, more detailed description thereof. The foregoing objects and advantages of the present invention are achieved by carrying out the chlorination of hydrocarbons, e.g., aliphatic or aromatic hydrocarbons, in the presence of sodium sulfide. Thus, for example, the process of the present invention can be described by the following equation:

    Abstract translation: 通过在硫化钠存在下进行氯化处理来加速氯化烃的生成的方法。 硫化钠的存在导致生产氯化烃，硫化氢和氯化钠作为产物。 硫化钠优选在石油馏分的脱硫中产生

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