公开(公告)号：US20040240769A1

公开(公告)日：2004-12-02

申请号：US10792163

申请日：2004-03-03

发明人： Vasilii V. Spirin ,  Mikhail G. Shlyagin ,  Serguei V. Miridonov ,  Francisco J. Mendieta Jimenez ,  Alfredo Marquez Lucero ,  Enrigue Mitrani Abenchuchan

IPC分类号： G02B006/00

CPC分类号： G01L1/242 ,  G01D5/35345 ,  G01D5/35354 ,  G01D5/35377 ,  G01L1/246 ,  G01M3/047

摘要： This invention pertains to alarm condition fiber optic sensor with storage transmission-reflection analyzer for detection and localization of any number of consecutive loss-inducing disturbances along the test fiber. The sensor includes a test fiber having a first port and a second port; a light source for producing a beam of light propagating along the test fiber; a fiber optic beamsplitter having a first port connected to the light source, a second port connected to the first port of the test fiber, and a third and a fourth port; a plurality of reflectors positioned along the test fiber and a plurality of loss-inducing members positioned along the test fiber, wherein said each of the reflectors is matched to each loss-inducing members, wherein at least one reflector is placed between each consecutive loss-inducing members; an optical reflection detector to receive a light flux, the optical reflection detector connected to the third port of optic beamsplitter, wherein the reflection detector is adapted to sense changes in the average power of the light reflected from the reflectors; an optical transmission detector adapted to receive the light flux, connected to the second port of test fiber, said transmission detector being operable to sense changes in the average power of the light transmitted through the test fiber; and a storage transmission-reflection analyzer connected to reflection and transmission detectors, and adapted to measure time-behavior of the transmission-reflection dependencies of test fiber, said analyzer being operable to identify the locations and values of any number of consecutive loss-inducing disturbances along the test fiber by using stored locations and values of previous perturbations and the slope of dependence of normalized reflected average power versus the square of normalized transmitted average power for current loss-inducing perturbation.

摘要翻译： 本发明涉及具有存储透射反射分析仪的报警条件光纤传感器，用于检测和定位沿着测试光纤的任何数量的连续损耗诱导干扰。 传感器包括具有第一端口和第二端口的测试光纤; 用于产生沿着测试光纤传播的光束的光源; 具有连接到光源的第一端口，连接到测试光纤的第一端口的第二端口以及第三和第四端口的光纤分束器; 沿着测试光纤定位的多个反射器和沿着测试光纤定位的多个损耗感应元件，其中所述每个反射器与每个损耗感应元件匹配，其中至少一个反射器被放置在每个连续的损耗 - 诱导成员; 用于接收光通量的光学反射检测器，所述光学反射检测器连接到光束分离器的第三端口，其中反射检测器适于感测从反射器反射的光的平均功率的变化; 光传输检测器，其适于接收连接到测试光纤的第二端口的光通量，所述传输检测器可操作以感测透过测试光纤的光的平均功率的变化; 以及连接到反射和透射检测器并且适于测量测试光纤的透射反射依赖性的时间行为的存储透射反射分析仪，所述分析器可操作地识别任何数量的连续损耗诱发干扰的位置和值 通过使用存储的先前扰动的位置和值以及归一化的反射平均功率与归一化的传输平均功率的平方的斜率对于电流损耗诱导扰动，沿着测试光纤。

公开(公告)号：US06222952B1

公开(公告)日：2001-04-24

申请号：US09355399

申请日：1999-09-29

申请人： Christopher Raymond Moran ,  Walter Craig Michie

发明人： Christopher Raymond Moran ,  Walter Craig Michie

IPC分类号： G02B626

CPC分类号： G01D5/35377

摘要： A measurand is detected by a sensor element forming part of a transducer unit which is filled to an optical fiber or fiber capable such that the fiber is bent or curved to an abnormal level which introduces a measurable loss in the transmission characteristics of the fiber. The transducer unit has three spaced clamp members arranged to be clamped along the length of the fiber. The sensor element is fitted between clamp members and the fiber is guided over a bar located between clamp members.

摘要翻译： 通过形成传感器单元的一部分的传感器元件来检测被测量，所述传感器元件被填充到能够使光纤弯曲或弯曲到异常水平的光纤或光纤，从而在光纤的传输特性中引入可测量的损耗。 传感器单元具有三个间隔开的夹紧构件，其布置成沿着纤维的长度被夹紧。 传感器元件安装在夹紧构件之间，纤维被引导到位于夹紧构件之间的杆上。

公开(公告)号：US06218661B1

公开(公告)日：2001-04-17

申请号：US09179146

申请日：1998-10-26

申请人： Robert J. Schroeder ,  Tsutomu Yamate ,  Rogerio T. Ramos ,  Raghu Madhavan ,  Eric Udd

发明人： Robert J. Schroeder ,  Tsutomu Yamate ,  Rogerio T. Ramos ,  Raghu Madhavan ,  Eric Udd

IPC分类号： G01J104

CPC分类号： G01L1/246 ,  G01D5/35316 ,  G01D5/35377 ,  G01K11/3206 ,  G01L9/0076 ,  G01L11/025

摘要： The apparatus of the present invention include an optical fiber with a Bragg grating formed along a portion of its core and a mechanical structure arranged adjacent to the Bragg grating for amplifying transverse strain on the fiber in the vicinity of the grating. In particular, the mechanical structure is designed to convert ambient pressure into transverse strain on the fiber in the vicinity of the grating. The methods of the invention include converting pressure into transverse strain on an optical fiber, amplifying the effect of pressure on the transverse strain, measuring pressure by determining the spacing between spectral locations related to peaks (or minimums) of light reflected from an optical grating subjected to transverse strain, and measuring the temperature of the grating by determining the locations of the spectral locations related to the peaks (or minimums) of light reflected from the grating. According to one embodiment, the mechanical structure includes a piston mounted in a transducer body through which the optical fiber passes.

摘要翻译： 本发明的装置包括具有沿其芯部的一部分形成的布拉格光栅的光纤和布置于布拉格光栅附近的用于放大光栅附近的光纤上的横向应变的机械结构。 特别地，机械结构被设计成在光栅附近将环境压力转换成光纤上的横向应变。 本发明的方法包括将压力转换成光纤上的横向应变，通过确定与从受光纤光栅所反射的光的峰值（或最小值）相关的光谱位置之间的距离来确定压力对横向应变的影响，测量压力 通过确定与从光栅反射的光的峰值（或最小值）相关的光谱位置的位置来测量光栅的温度。 根据一个实施例，机械结构包括安装在光纤通过的换能器主体中的活塞。

公开(公告)号：US6125216A

公开(公告)日：2000-09-26

申请号：US100228

申请日：1998-06-19

申请人： Francis M. Haran ,  Peter D. Foote

发明人： Francis M. Haran ,  Peter D. Foote

IPC分类号： G01K11/12 ,  G01B11/16 ,  G01D5/353 ,  G01L1/24 ,  G02B6/00 ,  G02B6/02 ,  G01J1/04 ,  G02B6/34

CPC分类号： G01L1/246 ,  G01D5/35316 ,  G01D5/35377

摘要： A strain isolated optical fibre Bragg grating sensor (1) has an optical fibre (2) provided at or adjacent one end (2a) with the Bragg grating (3). An open mouth cap (4) surrounds the fibre end (2a) and region provided with the Bragg grating (3) at a spacing from the fibre, fibre end and Bragg grating. The cap (4) is sealed to the fibre (2) at the open mouth at a side of the grating (3) remote from the fibre end (2a). The cap (4) is made from a low Young's modulus material and is operable to isolate the grating (3) from strain.

摘要翻译： 应变隔离光纤布拉格光栅传感器（1）具有在布拉格光栅（3）的一端（2a）处或邻近设置的光纤（2）。 开口盖（4）以纤维，光纤端和布拉格光栅的间隔围绕光纤端（2a）和设置有布拉格光栅（3）的区域。 盖（4）在远离纤维端（2a）的光栅（3）侧的开口处密封到纤维（2）。 盖（4）由低杨氏模量材料制成并且可操作以将光栅（3）与应变隔离。

公开(公告)号：US6021240A

公开(公告)日：2000-02-01

申请号：US942927

申请日：1997-10-02

申请人： Kent A. Murphy ,  Mark E. Jones

发明人： Kent A. Murphy ,  Mark E. Jones

IPC分类号： G01D5/353 ,  G02B6/14 ,  G02B6/34

CPC分类号： G01D5/35377 ,  G01D5/35345 ,  G02B6/02095 ,  G02B6/02104 ,  G02B6/14

摘要： An optical sensor having at least one long period grating disposed within an optical waveguide is provided. The optical waveguide has a refractive index profile. The long period grating has a plurality of index perturbations spaced apart by a periodic distance .LAMBDA.. The long period grating promotes an excitation of confined propagating broadband light into higher order modes that excite a sensing mechanism. The excitation of confined propagating broadband light is spectrally dependent on the periodic distance of the long period grating and the refractive index profile of the optical waveguide.

摘要翻译： 提供一种具有设置在光波导内的至少一个长周期光栅的光学传感器。 光波导具有折射率分布。 长周期光栅具有间隔距离LAMBDA的多个折射率扰动。 长周期光栅促使限制传播的宽带光的激发进入激发感测机制的高阶模式。 受限传播宽带光的激发在光谱上取决于长周期光栅的周期距离和光波导的折射率分布。

公开(公告)号：US5222810A

公开(公告)日：1993-06-29

申请号：US812050

申请日：1991-12-23

申请人： Marcos Y. Kleinerman

发明人： Marcos Y. Kleinerman

IPC分类号： A61B17/00 ,  G01D5/353 ,  G01J5/08 ,  G01J5/52 ,  G01K11/32 ,  G06F3/033 ,  G06F3/041 ,  G06F3/042

CPC分类号： G06F3/041 ,  G01D5/35354 ,  G01D5/35377 ,  G01J1/58 ,  G01J5/08 ,  G01J5/0821 ,  G01J5/0846 ,  G01J5/0896 ,  G01J5/52 ,  G01K11/32 ,  G01K11/3213 ,  G06F3/0414 ,  A61B2017/00084 ,  G01J5/046

摘要： The invention is drawn to methods and devices for measuring temperature with a simple probe, a single interrogating light source and a single photodetector in a manner that the same probe can be used for simultaneously sensing another physical parameter, using the same interrogating light source and the same photodetector. The invention also allows the use of a single probe for measuring temperature in two independent physical modes, using a single interrogating light source and a single photodetector. In a preferred embodiment the probe includes a photoluminescent material having a luminescence decay time which decreases substantially with increasing temperature over a temperature range within which its luminescence quantum efficiency remains approximately constant or varies only minimally.

摘要翻译： 本发明涉及用简单探针，单个询问光源和单个光电检测器测量温度的方法和装置，其方法是使用相同的探针同时检测另一物理参数，使用相同的询问光源和 同一光电探测器。 本发明还允许使用单个探针在两个独立的物理模式中测量温度，使用单个询问光源和单个光电检测器。 在优选实施例中，探针包括具有发光衰减时间的光致发光材料，其发光温度在其发光量子效率保持近似恒定或几乎不变的温度范围内基本上降低。

公开(公告)号：US5095514A

公开(公告)日：1992-03-10

申请号：US394106

申请日：1989-08-14

申请人： Alan C. Curtis

发明人： Alan C. Curtis

IPC分类号： G01D5/353 ,  G01L1/24

CPC分类号： G01L1/243 ,  G01D5/35377

摘要： A fibre optic sensor 1 comprises a body 2 of a matrix material which includes an embedded length of optical fibre 3. When the body 2 is exposed to an external disturbance, mechanical and strain forces arising internally can be transmitted to the fibre 3 and will modify the passage of light therein. Pulsed light through the fibre 3 can be sensed for example by interferometry to measure the disturbance. This can provide an inexpensive and sensitive sensor construction which is capable of the remote detection of various parameters.

公开(公告)号：US4899046A

公开(公告)日：1990-02-06

申请号：US309958

申请日：1989-02-09

申请人： Oliver Wright ,  Sylvain Janssen

发明人： Oliver Wright ,  Sylvain Janssen

IPC分类号： G01D5/353 ,  G01F1/32 ,  G01L9/00

CPC分类号： G01F1/3245 ,  G01D5/35345 ,  G01D5/35377 ,  G01L9/0076

摘要： An optical sensor for measuring physical magnitudes, such as a differential pressure, is described. The pressure sensor comprises a deformable diaphragm (24) which separates two measurement chambers (26,28) where pressures P1 and P2 exist. An optical conductor (34) is attached to the diaphragm (24). A light source (40) allows a light beam to be radiated towards the conductor (34). An optoelectrical converter (42) performs a detection of the light energy (1) output from the light guide (34), and thus of the difference between both pressures (P1,P2).

摘要翻译： 描述了用于测量物理量的光学传感器，例如差压。 压力传感器包括可分离出存在压力P1和P2的两个测量室（26,28）的可变形隔膜（24）。 光导体（34）附接到隔膜（24）。 光源（40）允许光束朝向导体（34）辐射。 光电转换器（42）执行从光导（34）输出的光能（1）的检测，从而检测两个压力（P1，P2）之间的差。

公开(公告)号：US4589725A

公开(公告)日：1986-05-20

申请号：US594478

申请日：1984-03-28

申请人： Richard B. Dyott

发明人： Richard B. Dyott

IPC分类号： G01D5/353 ,  G02B6/10 ,  G02B6/28 ,  G02B6/26

CPC分类号： G02B6/283 ,  G01D5/35345 ,  G01D5/35377 ,  G02B6/105 ,  G02B6/2835 ,  G02B6/2843

摘要： An evanescent-field coupler for an optical fiber having a core and a cladding forming a guiding region located sufficiently close to the surface of the fiber along a selected length thereof to allow evanescent-field coupling of an optical signal from the guiding region to an optical fiber or other device outside the guiding region, the cladding consisting essentially of silica, the coupler comprising a vitreous layer of amorphous boron oxide or a boron oxide compound fused to the cladding and having an index of refraction substantially matching the index of refraction of the cladding.

摘要翻译： 一种用于光纤的消弧场耦合器，其具有芯和包层，形成沿着选定长度位于光纤表面足够靠近的引导区，以允许光信号从引导区到光学的渐逝场耦合 纤维或其它装置在引导区域外部，所述包层基本上由二氧化硅组成，所述耦合器包括非晶态氧化硼的玻璃质层或与包层熔合的氧化硼化合物，并且具有基本上与包层的折射率匹配的折射率 。

公开(公告)号：US4342907A

公开(公告)日：1982-08-03

申请号：US117637

申请日：1980-02-01

申请人： Pedro B. Macedo ,  Theodore A. Litovitz ,  Nicholas Lagakos ,  Robert K. Mohr ,  Robert Meister

发明人： Pedro B. Macedo ,  Theodore A. Litovitz ,  Nicholas Lagakos ,  Robert K. Mohr ,  Robert Meister

IPC分类号： G01B11/16 ,  G01D5/353 ,  G01K1/02 ,  G01L11/02 ,  G02B6/04 ,  G02B6/14 ,  G02B6/28 ,  G02B5/14

CPC分类号： G02B6/2852 ,  G01B11/18 ,  G01D5/35345 ,  G01D5/35377 ,  G01K1/024 ,  G01L11/025 ,  G02B6/14 ,  Y10S177/06

摘要： A sensor for measuring stress, temperature, pressure, sound, etc. comprising an optical waveguide, preferably an optical fiber waveguide, a light source which injects light into one end of the waveguide, a deformer contacting and deforming the waveguide to cause light to couple from originally excited modes to other modes, and an optical detector to detect the change in light coupling caused by deformation of the waveguide.

摘要翻译： 一种用于测量应力，温度，压力，声音等的传感器，包括光波导，优选光纤波导，将光注入到波导的一端的光源，使波导接触和变形以使光耦合的变形器 从原始激发模式到其他模式，以及光学检测器，用于检测由波导变形引起的光耦合变化。