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公开(公告)号：US06463349B2
公开(公告)日：2002-10-08
申请号：US09859691
申请日：2001-05-17
申请人： Dawn White , David E.E. Carmein
发明人： Dawn White , David E.E. Carmein
IPC分类号： G06F1900
CPC分类号： G05B19/00 , B29C64/141 , B33Y30/00 , B33Y40/00 , B33Y50/02 , G05B19/4099 , G05B2219/45206 , G05B2219/45238 , G05B2219/49011 , G05B2219/49015 , G05B2219/49016 , G05B2219/49017 , G05B2219/49026 , G05B2219/49032 , G05B2219/49039 , G05B2219/49241 , Y02P90/265
摘要： Machine tools combine material addition via ultrasonic object consolidation and subtractive techniques for imparting high-dimensional accuracy to a finished object. A material supply and feeder, ultrasonic horn, and feedstock cutting device are integrated with a material removal subsystem preferably including a cutting tool and an excess material removal system. Any metal, plastic or composite material suitable for ultrasonic joining may be employed as a feedstock, and these material may assume the form of tapes, sheets, wires, filaments, dots or droplets, with the feeding and material cutting components being designed for the specific feedstock employed. The cutting tool for excess material removal, may be a knife, drill/mill, grinding tool, or other tool capable of accurately cutting the external contour of a cross section of the part being built, and for removing excess feedstock remaining following the application process. The material removal could consist of a vacuum or blower system, chip auger, or other suitable apparatus. A machine disclosed as part of the preferred embodiment is able to deposit material in one step, and optionally and selectively remove it in another. Through the expeditious combination of deposition and removal, the fabrication of objects of arbitrary shape may be realized.
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公开(公告)号：US5776409A
公开(公告)日：1998-07-07
申请号：US299887
申请日：1994-09-01
CPC分类号： B29C67/0092 , B29C67/0066 , G01J1/4257 , G03F7/0037 , G03F7/70416 , G06T17/10 , G06T17/20 , B29K2995/0073 , G05B2219/49013 , G05B2219/49015 , G05B2219/49039 , Y10T156/17
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公开(公告)号：US5501824A
公开(公告)日：1996-03-26
申请号：US148544
申请日：1993-11-08
CPC分类号： B29C67/0066 , B29C41/12 , B29C41/36 , B29C67/0062 , B29C67/0074 , B29C67/0092 , G03F7/0037 , G03F7/70375 , G05B2219/49013 , G05B2219/49015 , G05B2219/49039
摘要： Apparatus for and related methods of forming three-dimensional objects out of a building material, which is normally solid but which is flowable when heated. In one embodiment a support material is used to fill in portions of layers which are not to be solidified as part of the object to provide support to otherwise unsupported portions of other layers. Advantageously, the support material is also normally solid and flowable when heated, and has a lower melting point than the building material enabling the support material to later be removed without damaging the object. In an alternative embodiment this support material can be used to build a support such as a web support, or the like, for supporting an object surface from a second surface. In another alternative embodiment such an apparatus is combined with a conventional stereolithographic apparatus to provide means for forming an object out of conventional stereolithographic materials, but utilizing a normally solid but thermally-flowable support material to provide support to the object, either on a layer-by layer basis, or by building supports such as web supports.
摘要翻译： 在建筑材料中形成三维物体的装置和相关方法，其通常是固体，但是当加热时可流动。 在一个实施例中，支撑材料用于填充不被固化的层的部分，作为物体的一部分，以提供对其它层的其它未支撑部分的支撑。 有利地，支撑材料在加热时也通常是固体和可流动的，并且具有比建筑材料低的熔点，使得能够在不损坏物体的情况下移除支撑材料。 在替代实施例中，该支撑材料可用于构建支撑件，例如幅材支撑件等，用于从第二表面支撑物体表面。 在另一个替代实施例中，这种装置与传统的立体光刻设备组合以提供用于通过常规立体光刻材料形成物体的装置，但是使用通常为固体但热可流动的支撑材料来提供对物体的支撑， 或通过构建诸如web支持的支持。
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公开(公告)号：US5263130A
公开(公告)日：1993-11-16
申请号：US661528
申请日：1991-02-25
申请人： Itzchak Pomerantz , Shalev Gilad , Yehoshua Dollberg , Barry Ben-Ezra , Yehoshua Sheinman , Gill Barequet , Michael Nagler , Avigdor Bieber , Mathew Katz
发明人： Itzchak Pomerantz , Shalev Gilad , Yehoshua Dollberg , Barry Ben-Ezra , Yehoshua Sheinman , Gill Barequet , Michael Nagler , Avigdor Bieber , Mathew Katz
CPC分类号： B29C67/0092 , G03F7/0037 , B29K2995/0073 , G05B2219/49013 , G05B2219/49015 , G05B2219/49039
摘要： A system responsive to coordinate information for automatically providing a three-dimensional physical model of a desired geometry and comprising apparatus for selectably solidifying a solidifiable material on a sequential layer by layer basis characterized in that following selectable solidification of a given layer, the non-solidified portions thereof are removed and replaced by a removable support material which is not solidifiable under the same conditions as the solidifiable material.
摘要翻译： 一种响应于坐标信息的系统，用于自动提供所需几何体的三维物理模型，并且包括用于逐层逐层固化可凝固材料的装置，其特征在于，在给定层的可选择凝固之后，非固化 其部分被去除并且被可除去的支撑材料替代，该可除去的支撑材料在与可凝固材料相同的条件下不能固化。
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15.发明授权
公开(公告)号：US5126529A
公开(公告)日：1992-06-30
申请号：US620745
申请日：1990-12-03
申请人： Lee E. Weiss , Fritz R. Prinz , E. Levent Gursoz
发明人： Lee E. Weiss , Fritz R. Prinz , E. Levent Gursoz
CPC分类号： B29C67/0092 , B22F3/115 , B29C67/0074 , G05B2219/49016 , G05B2219/49039 , Y10T29/49986
摘要： A method and apparatus for forming a three-dimensional object by thermal spraying utilizes a plurality of masks positioned and removed over a work surface in accordance with a predetermined sequence. The masks correspond to cross sections normal to a centerline through the workpiece. One set of masks defines all cross sections through the workpiece. A second set of masks contains at least one masks which corresponds to each mask of the first set. Masks from each set are alternatively placed above a work surface and sprayed with either a deposition material from which the workpiece will be made or a complementary material. In this manner, layers of material form a block of deposition material and complementary material. Then, the complementary material which serves as a support structure during forming is removed. Preferably, the complementary material has a lower melting temperature than the deposition material and is removed by heating the block. Alternatively, one could mask only for the deposition material and remove complementary material overlying the deposition material after each spraying of complementary material.
摘要翻译： 通过热喷涂形成三维物体的方法和装置利用根据预定顺序在工作表面上定位和移除的多个掩模。 掩模对应于垂直于通过工件的中心线的横截面。 一组掩模定义了穿过工件的所有横截面。 第二组掩模包含至少一个对应于第一组的每个掩模的掩模。 每个组的面罩可替换地放置在工作表面上方，并喷涂有将由其制造工件的沉积材料或互补材料。 以这种方式，材料层形成沉积材料块和互补材料。 然后，去除在成形期间用作支撑结构的互补材料。 优选地，互补材料具有比沉积材料更低的熔化温度，并且通过加热块来除去。 或者，可以在每次喷涂互补材料之后，仅掩盖沉积材料并除去覆盖沉积材料的互补材料。
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16.发明授权Methods and apparatus for production of three-dimensional objects by stereolithography 失效通过立体光刻法生产三维物体的方法和装置
公开(公告)号：US4999143A
公开(公告)日：1991-03-12
申请号：US182801
申请日：1988-04-18
申请人： Charles W. Hull , Charles W. Lewis
发明人： Charles W. Hull , Charles W. Lewis
CPC分类号： B29C67/0066 , B29C41/12 , B29C41/36 , B29C67/0092 , G03F7/0037 , G03F7/70375 , G05B2219/49013 , G05B2219/49015 , G05B2219/49039
摘要： An improved stereolithography system for generating a three-dimensional object by creating a cross-sectional pattern of the object to be formed at a selected surface of a fluid medium capable of altering its physical state in response to appropriate synergistic stimulation by impinging radiation, particle bombardment or chemical reaction, information defining the object being specially tailored to provide built-in supports for the object, reduce curl and distortion, and increase resolution, strength, accuracy, speed and economy of reproduction, the successive adjacent laminae, representing corresponding successive adjacent cross-sections of the object, being automatically formed and integrated together to provide a step-wise laminar buildup of the desired object, whereby a three-dimensional object is formed and drawn from a substantially planar surface of the fluid medium during the forming process.
摘要翻译： 一种改进的立体光刻系统，用于通过在能够响应于通过撞击辐射的适当的协同刺激来改变其物理状态的流体介质的选定表面处形成待形成的物体的横截面图案来产生三维物体，颗粒轰击 或化学反应，定义对象的信息被特别地定制以提供用于对象的内置支撑，减少卷曲和变形，并且增加再现的分辨率，强度，精度，速度和经济性，连续的相邻层，表示相应的连续相邻十字 物体的截面被自动地形成并且集成在一起以提供所需物体的逐层层叠，从而在成形过程中从流体介质的基本上平坦的表面形成三维物体并从其中抽出。
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公开(公告)号：US20160019319A1
公开(公告)日：2016-01-21
申请号：US14773761
申请日：2014-03-13
申请人： STRATASYS LTD.
发明人： Stanislav SHTILERMAN
CPC分类号： G06F17/50 , B29C64/386 , B33Y10/00 , B33Y50/02 , G05B19/4099 , G05B2219/49014 , G05B2219/49039 , G06T17/10
摘要： A method for slicing a three-dimensional model for printing of a corresponding object by a 3D printer, comprises: obtaining the envelope of the object as polygons, then for each region of a predefined work area within the slicing plane:identifying the closest polygon of said envelope that is positioned above said respective pixel; where no polygon is identified, then marking a corresponding region as a no-print region; if the direction vector of said closest above polygon has a positive component in the Z direction, then marking said corresponding region as a model region; and if the direction vector of said polygon has a negative component in the Z direction, then marking the region as a support region, and printing accordingly. An advantage of the above procedure is that the slicing, and in addition texture mapping, can be efficiently carried out on a graphics card or GPU.
摘要翻译： 一种用于通过3D打印机对用于打印相应对象的三维模型进行切片的方法，包括：获取所述对象的包络作为多边形，然后对于所述切片平面内的预定义工作区域的每个区域：识别最接近的多边形 所述包络位于所述相应像素上方; 其中没有识别多边形，然后将对应的区域标记为无打印区域; 如果所述最近的多边形的方向矢量在Z方向上具有正分量，则将所述对应的区域标记为模型区域; 并且如果所述多边形的方向矢量在Z方向上具有负分量，则将该区域标记为支撑区域，并相应地进行打印。 上述过程的一个优点是可以在显卡或GPU上高效地执行切片（另外还有纹理映射）。
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公开(公告)号：US5695707A
公开(公告)日：1997-12-09
申请号：US441709
申请日：1995-05-15
CPC分类号： B29C67/0066 , B29C41/12 , B29C41/36 , B29C67/0062 , B29C67/0074 , B29C67/0092 , G03F7/0037 , G03F7/70375 , G05B2219/49013 , G05B2219/49015 , G05B2219/49039
摘要： Apparatus for and related methods of forming three-dimensional objects out of a building material, which is normally solid, but which is flowable when heated. In one embodiment, a support material is used to fill in portions of layers which are not to be solidified as part of the object, thus providing support to otherwise unsupported portions of other layers. Advantageously, the support material is also normally solid and flowable when heated, and has a lower melting point than the building material enabling the support material to later be removed without damaging the object. In an alternative embodiment this support material can be used to build a support such as a web support, or the like, for supporting an object surface from a second surface. In another alternative embodiment, such an apparatus is combined with a conventional stereolithographic apparatus to provide means for forming an object out of conventional stereolithographic materials, but utilizing a normally solid but thermally-flowable support material to provide support to the object, either on a layer-by layer basis, or by building supports such as web supports.
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公开(公告)号：US5676904A
公开(公告)日：1997-10-14
申请号：US457958
申请日：1995-06-01
CPC分类号： B29C67/0066 , B29C41/12 , B29C41/36 , B29C67/0062 , B29C67/0074 , B29C67/0092 , G03F7/0037 , G03F7/70375 , G05B2219/49013 , G05B2219/49015 , G05B2219/49039
摘要： Apparatus for and related methods of forming three-dimensional objects out of a building material, which is normally solid, but which is flowable when heated. In one embodiment, a support material is used to fill in portions of layers which are not to be solidified as part of the object, thus providing support to otherwise unsupported portions of other layers. Advantageously, the support material is also normally solid and flowable when heated, and has a lower melting point than the building material enabling the support material to later be removed without damaging the object. In an alternative embodiment this support material can be used to build a support such as a web support, or the like, for supporting an object surface from a second surface. In another alternative embodiment, such an apparatus is combined with a conventional stereolithographic apparatus to provide means for forming an object out of conventional stereolithographic materials, but utilizing a normally solid but thermally-flowable support material to provide support to the object, either on a layer-by layer basis, or by building supports such as web supports.
摘要翻译： 从建筑材料中形成三维物体的装置和相关方法，其通常是固体，但是当加热时它是可流动的。 在一个实施例中，支撑材料用于填充不被凝固的部分层，作为物体的一部分，从而为其它层的其它未支撑的部分提供支撑。 有利地，支撑材料在加热时也通常是固体和可流动的，并且具有比建筑材料低的熔点，使得能够在不损坏物体的情况下移除支撑材料。 在替代实施例中，该支撑材料可用于构建支撑件，例如幅材支撑件等，用于从第二表面支撑物体表面。 在另一替代实施例中，这种装置与传统的立体光刻设备组合以提供用于从常规立体光刻材料形成物体的装置，但是使用通常为固体但热可流动的支撑材料来提供对物体的支撑， 或通过构建诸如web支持的支持。
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公开(公告)号：US5519816A
公开(公告)日：1996-05-21
申请号：US329236
申请日：1994-10-26
申请人： Itzchak Pomerantz , Shaley Gilad , Yehoshua Dollberg , Barry Ben-Ezra , Yehoshua Sheinman , Gill Barequet , Matthew Katz
发明人： Itzchak Pomerantz , Shaley Gilad , Yehoshua Dollberg , Barry Ben-Ezra , Yehoshua Sheinman , Gill Barequet , Matthew Katz
CPC分类号： B29C67/0066 , B29C67/0092 , G05B2219/49013 , G05B2219/49015 , G05B2219/49039
摘要： A three dimensional modeling system comprising apparatus for providing coordinate information with respect to a three-dimensional element and apparatus responsive to the coordinate information by providing a three-dimensional physical model of the three-dimensional element by sequentially solidifying a plurality of layers of a first material. The system includes apparatus for adding to each layer of said first material, prior to solidification of a subsequent layer of the first material thereover, a second material.
摘要翻译： 一种三维建模系统，包括用于通过依次固化所述三维元素的第一层和第三层的三维元素，通过提供所述三维元素的三维物理模型来提供相对于所述坐标信息的三维元素和装置的坐标信息的装置 材料。 该系统包括用于在第一材料的后续层的固化之前，将第二材料固化之前，将所述第一材料的各层加入。
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