Abstract:
Germanium is freed from oxygen by adding magnesium, beryllium or titanium and zone refining. Zone refining may be repeated one or more times. 0,1-5 atomic per cent of magnesium based on the molten zone may be employed. As shown a pellet 3 consisting of a 2 to 3 mixture of magnesium and germanium is placed on one end of a bar 2 of germanium in a graphite crucible 1. The crucible is then placed in a quartz tube 4, which is then traversed by an induction heating coil 5 during the passage through the tube of a stream of pure dry hydrogen. After the passage of two molten zones, the end of high magnesium content is cut off and the remainder is treated with an aqueous solution of hydrogen fluoride and nitric acid. A desired amount of a significant impurity may be incorporated in the germanium or a single crystal may be formed during the passage of the second molten zone.
Abstract:
A switch for switching large currents and large charges includes an anode separated from a cathode with a cylindrical trigger electrode located around the anode and the gap. The cathode is of a metal such as zinc, cadmium, tin or magnesium. During operation, a suitable potential applied to the trigger electrode causes a main discharge to occur between the anode and the cathode.