Abstract:
Method for polymerizing an alpha-olefin or copolymerizing an alpha-olefin with another olefin in the presence of a catalyst obtained by subjecting to a first reaction, a halogenide of trivalent metal together with at least one kind of compound selected from the group consisting of halogenide hydrates, sulfide hydrates, sulfate hydrates, hydroxides and hydroxide hydrates of metals belonging to the I-VIII groups of the periodical table so as to form active groups on the surface, then reacting the resultant first reaction product with a transition metal compound and further combining the resultant second reaction product thus obtained with an organoaluminum compound. The above-mentioned second reaction is preferably carried out in the presence of an aromatic solvent. As the above-mentioned compounds of metals of the I-VIII groups, the hydroxides of the II group, particularly magnesium hydroxide and calcium hydroxide, are preferably selected. In this case, the above-mentioned first and second reactions are both carried out at a temperature of 110*C or below. The above-mentioned polymerization or copolymerization in the presence of the above-mentioned catalyst is preferably carried out in the presence of a titanium alkoxide and hydrogen in an amount more than 10% and less than 80% by volume based upon the total amount of ethylene and hydrogen.
Abstract:
In the polymerization or co-polymerization of olefins having the general formula CH2 CHR, the use of a catalyst formed of magnesium compounds and compounds of transition metals of subgroups IVa, Va and VIa of the periodic table of elements prepared by the reaction of organo-magnesium compounds, monohalogenated hydrocarbons and halogenated organic derivatives of the transition metals in a valency of at least 4 and which may include a co-catalyst in the form of an organo-metallic compound of the metals of groups II and III of the periodic table of elements.
Abstract:
A process and catalyst for the production of low-pressure polyethylene powder of increased molecular weight consisting essentially of the reaction product of (a) a polysiloxane containing hydrogen bonded to silicon, (b) a compound of a heavy metal of the IV subgroup of the Periodic System, and (c) an aluminum salt selected from the group consisting of halides, alkoxyhalides and alkoxides, containing further in the reaction mixture prior to commencement of polymerization, (d) an organic tin compound of the formula
Abstract:
Titanium trichloride-containing compositions for use as catalyst component in stereoregular olefin polymerization are prepared by gradual addition of a solution of titanium tetrachloride to a solution of trialkyl aluminum in certain low-boiling inert diluents. The mixture is prepared and held at a temperature below about -90* C until addition is complete, is thereafter gradually warmed up at least to ambient temperature but not above 80* C and held until reduction of TiCl4 to TiCl5 is complete, and is then heated to an elevated temperature at which the TiCl3 is converted to the violet form. Refinements of this procedure include control of mixing and heating rates and post-treatment of the reaction product to produce catalyst components having various desired properties. According to one mode of the invention, titanium trichloridecontaining compositions can be obtained in particles which are larger and/or more clear and glassy and/or have a smoother surface than can be obtained when the mixing of titanium tetrachloride with aluminum trialkyl is carried out at conditions outside those specified. Used with dialkyl aluminum chloride in the polymerization of propylene, such compositions can produce excellent stereoregular polypropylene in the form of polymer particles of high bulk density which are substantially free of fines and hence non-dusting and exhibiting good powder flow. According to a second mode, titanium trichloride-containing compositions can be obtained in particles which, while still relatively dense, have a porous surface. Used with dialkyl aluminum chloride, these compositions are especially suitable for use in staged propylene polymerization followed by ethylenepropylene copolymerization to produce impact-improved polypropylene compositions.
Abstract:
1. IN A PROCESS FOR POLYMERIZING OR COPOLYMERIZING A MONOMER SELECTED FROM THE GROUP CONSISTING OF ETHYLENE, PROPYLENE, 1-BUTENE, 4-METHYL-1-PENTENE, STYRENE, 1-PENTENE, 1-HEXENE AND 3-METHYL-1-BUTENE IN THE PRESENCE OF A CATALYST COMPOSED OF A PULVERIZED TITANIUM TRICHLORIDE COMPONENT AND AN ORGANO-ALUMINUM COMPOUND, THE IMPROVEMENT WHEREIN SAID MONOMER IS POLYMERIZED OR COPOLYMERIZED IN THE PRESENCE OF A CATALYST COMPRISING: (A) A TITANIUM TRICHLORIDE COMPOSITION OBTAINED BY PULVERIZING A COMPONENT CONSISTING OF AN ALUMINUMCONTAINING TITANIUM TRICHLORIDE COMPONENT PREPARED BY THE REDUCTION OF TITANIUM TETRACHLORIDE WITH METALLIC ALUMINUM, UNTIL THE A- OF V-TYPE CRYSTAL STRUCTURE OF TITANIUM TRICHLORIDE CANNOT BE IDENTIFIED IN THE X-RAY DIFFRACTION PATTERN, AND EXTRACTING THE RESULTING TITANIUM TRICHLORIDE COMPOSITION WITH A SOLVENT MIXTURE OF AN INERT ORGANIC SOLVENT: (1) SELECTED FROM THE GROUP CONSISTING OF AROMATIC HYDROCARBONS HAVING 6 TO 20 CARBON ATOMS, SATURATED ALIPHATIC HYDROCARBONS HAVING 3 TO 20 CARBON ATOMS, ALICYCLIC HYDROCARBONS HAVING 3 TO 18 CARBON ATOMS, ACYCLIC OR CYCLIC OLEFINS OF 2 20 CARBON ATOMS, UNSATURATED ALIPHATIC HYDROCARBON HALIDES OF 2 TO 20 CARBON ATOMS, SATURATED ALIPHATIC HYDROCARBON HALIDES OF 1 TO 20 CARBON ATOMS, HALOGENATED HALIDES HYDROCARBONS HAVING 6 TO 16 CARBON ATOMS AND CARBON DISULFIDE; AND A MEMBER SELECTED FROM THE GROUP CONSISTING OF THE FOLLOWING ORGANIC SOLVENTS; (2) AN OXYGEN-CONTAINING ORGANIC SOLVENT SELECTED FROM THE GROUP CONSISTING OF SATURATED ALIPHATIC MONOETHERS HAVING 2 TO 32 CARBON ATOMS HAVING AN ALKYL RADICAL, APHATIC ETHERS OF 3 TO 20 CARBON ATOMS HAVING AT LEAST ONE UNSATURATED ALIPHATIC HYDROCARBON RADICAL, AROMATIC ETHERS OF 7 TO 16 CARBON ATOMS HAVING A SATURATED ALKYL OR ARYL RADICAL, MONOETHERS AND DIETHERS OF 7 TO 16 CARBON ATOMS WHICH ARE HALOGENATED AND CONTAIN AT LEAST ONE AROMATIC RADICAL, SATURATED ALKYL ESTERS OF SATURATED ALIPHATIC MONOCARBOXYLIC ACIDS HAVING AN ALIPHATIC MONOCARBOXYLIC ACID RESIDUAL GROUP WITH 1 TO 21 CARBON ATOMS AND A SATURATED ALKYL GROUP WITH 1 TO 16 CARBON ATOMS, UNSATURATED ALKYL ESTERS OF SATURATES ALIPHATIC MONOCARBOXYLIC ACIDS HAVING A SATURATED ALIPHATIC MONOCARABOXYLIC ACID RESIDUAL GROUP WITH 1 TO 8 CARBON ATOMS AND AN UNSATURATED ALKYL GROUP WITH 2 TO12
CH3SICH2((CH3)2SICH2)XSI(CH3)3
WHEREIN X IS AN INTEGER OF 1 TO 10, LINEAR POLYALKYL OR POLYARYL POLYSILANES OF 6 TO 80 CARBON ATOMS, A, Y-DIHALOALKYLPOLYSILOXANES OF THE FORMULA
X(R2SIO)XSIR2X
WHEREIN X IS A HALOGEN ATOMS, AND X=1, TO 1000, POLYALKYL CYCLOPOLYSILANES HAVING 12 TO 120 CARBON ATOMS, POLYARYL CYCLOPOLYSILANES HAVING 12 TO 120 CARBON ATOMS, ORGANOPOLYSILOXANES OF THE FORMULA
R(R''R''''''''SIO)XSIR3
WHEREIN R, R'' AND R'''''' MAY BE THE SAME OR DIFFERNET AND REPRESENT AN ALKYL GROUP HAVING 1 TO 4 CARBON ATOMS, AN ARYL GROUP HAVING 6 TO 8 CARBON ATOMS, OR HYDROGEN, AND X IS AN INTEGER OF 1 TO 1000, ALKYL CYCLOPOLYSILOXANES OF THE FORMULA
(R''''''2SIO)Z
WHEREIN R'''''' IS AN ALKYL GROUP HAVING 1 TO 4 CARBON ATOMS, AND Y IS AN INTEGER OF 3 TO 8, ALKYL CYCLOPOLYSILOXANES OF THE GENERAL FORMULA
(R''''''''2SIO)Z
WHEREIN R'''''' IS AN ALKYL GROUP HAVING 1 TO 4 CARBON ATOMS, AND Z IS AN INTEGER OF 3 TO 9, ATOMS, AND Z IS AN INTEGER OF 3 TO 9, ARYL CYCLOOPOLYSILOXANES OF THE FORMULA
12 ARBON ATOMS, ALKYL ESTERS OF UNSATURATED ALIPHATIC MONOCARBOXYLIC ACIDS HAVING AN UNSATURATED ALIPHATIC MONOCARBOXYLIC ACID RESIDUAL GROUP WITH 2 TO 12 CARBON ATOMS AND A SATURATED OR UNSATURATED ALKYL GROUP WITH 1 TO 10 CARBON ATOMS, SATURATED ALKYL ESTERS OF AROMATIC MONOCARBOXYLIC ACIDS HAVING AN AROMATIC MONOCARBOXYLIC ACID RESIDUAL GROUP WITH 7 TO 18 CARBON ATOMS AND A SATURATED ALKYL GROUP WITH 1 TO 20 CARBON ATOMS, SATURATED ALIPHATIC MONOALCOHOLS HAVING 1 TO 18 CARBON ATOMS, MONOHYDRIC AND DIHYDRIC PHENOLS HAVING 6 TO 16 CARBON ATOMS, SATURATED ALIPHATIC MONOKETONES HAVING 3 TO 20 CARBON ATOMS, SATURATED ALIPHATIC DIKETONES HAVING 4 TO 12 CARBON ATOMS, AROMATIC MONOKETONES HAVING 7 TO 18 CARBONS ATOMS, AROMATIC MONOCARBOXYLIC ACID HAVING 7 TO 18 CARBON ATOMS, SATURATED ALIPHATIC MONOCARBOXYLIC ACIDS HAVING 1 TO 20 CARBON ATOMS, SATURATED ALIPHATIC CARBOXYLIC ACID HALIDES HABIHAVING 2 TO 12 CARBON ATOMS AND AROMATIC CARBOXYLIC ACID HALIDES HAVING 7 TO 15 CARBON ATOMS; (2)'' A NITROGEN-CONTAINING ORGANIC SOLVENT SELECTE D FROM THE GROUP CONSISTING OF NITROGEN-CONTAINING HETEROCYCLIC AMINES HAVING 5 TO 18 CARBON ATOMS SELECTED FROM THE PYRIDINE, QUINOLINE AND ACRIDINE SERIES, SATURATED ALIPHATIC SECONDARY AMINES OF 2 TO 24 CARBON ATOMS, AROMATIC SECONDARY AMINES HAVING 6 TO 20 CARBON ATOMS, SATURATED ALIPHATIC TERTIARY AMINES HAVING 3 TO 18 CARBON ATOMS, AROMATIC TERTIARY AMINES HAVING 8 TO 30 CARBON ATOMS, AROMATIC MONONITRILES HAVING 7 TO 15 CARBON ATOMS, AROMATIC MOMOISOCYANATES HAVING 7 TO 11 CARBON ATOMS AND AROMATIC AZO COMPOUNDS HAVING 12 TO 20 CARBON ATOMS; AND (2)'''' A SI-CONTAINING ORGANIC SOLVENT SELECTED FROM THE GROUP CONSISTING OF TETRAHYDROCARBYLISILANES HAVING SATURATED ALKYL RADICALS, ARYL RADICALS OR MIXTURES THEREOF OF 4 TO 5O CARBON ATOMS, TETRAHYDROCARBYLSILANES HAVING AN UNSATURATED ALKYL RADICAL OF 5 TO 28 CARBON ATOMS, ALKYL HYDROGENOSILANES OF 1 TO 30 CARBON ATOMS, HAVING AN SI-H BONDS, ARYL HYDROGENOLSILANES OF 6 TO 30 CARBON ATOMS HAVING AN SI-H BOND, ALKYL HALOGENOSILANES OF 3 TO 30 CARBON ATOMS HAVING AN SI-HALOGEN BOND, ARYL HALOGENOSILANES OF 6 TO 30 CARBON ATOMS HAVING AN SI-HALOGEN BOND, TRIALKYL SILYLAMINES OF 6 TO 9 CARBON ATOMS, TRIPHENYL SILYLAMINE, TRIMETHYL(N - METHYLAMINO) SILANE, TRIMETHYL (N - DIETHYLAMINO) SILANE, SATURATED ALKYLSILANES HAVING AT LEAST ONE SI-O-C BONDS OF 2 TO 8 CARBON ATOMS, ARYL SILANES HAVING AT LEAST AN SI-O-C BOND OF 9 TO 12 CARBON ATOMS, C1-C10 ALIPHATIC MONO-OR C7-C11 AROMATIC MONO-CARBOXYLIC ACID ESTERS OF TRIALKYL SILANOLS HAVING 3 TO 10 CARBON ATOMS, ALKYLARYL SILANOLS HAVING 8 TO 20 CARBON ATOMS OR TRIARYL SILANOLS 18 TO 30 CARBON ATOMS, TRIALKYL SILICON ISOCYANATES HAVING 3 TO 10 CARBON ATOMS, DIALKYL ARYL SILICON ISOCYANATES HAVING TO 15 CARBON ATOMS, TRIALKYL SILICON ISOCYANATES HAVING 18 TO 30 CARBON ATOMS, POLYSILMETHYLENES OF THE FORMULA (Q2SIO)P WHEREIN Q IS AN ARYL GROUP HAVING 6 TO 8 CARBON ATOMS, AND P IS AN INTEGER OF 3 TO 6, ALKYL OR ARYL POLYSILAZANES OF 6 TO 50 CARBON ATOMS HAVING AN SI-NI-SI BOND AND A MOLECULAR WEIGHT OF NOT MORE THAN 100; AND THEN SEPARATING SAID EXTRACTED TITANIUM TRICHLORIDE COMPOSITION FROM THE SOLVENT MIXTURE, THE AMOUNT OF SAID MIXED SOLVENT BEING 1 TO 100 PARTS BY WEIGHT PER PART OF THE PULVERIZED ALUMINUM-CONTAINING TITANIUM TRICHLORIDE COMPONENT, AND THE AMOUNT OF THE SOLVENT (2) OR (2)'''' BEING 0.00510.0 PARTS BY WEIGHT PER PART OF SAID TITANIUM TRICHLORIDE COMPONENT AND THE AMOUNT OF SOLVENT (2)'' BEING 0.O05-0.5 PART BY WEIGHT PER PART OF SAID TITANIUM TRICHLORIDE COMPONENET; AND (B) AN ORGANOALUMINUM COMPOUND SELECTED FROM THE GROUP CONSISTING OF TRIALKYL ALUMINUM, DIALKYLALAUMINUM HALIDE, DIALKYLALUMINUM ALKOXIDE, ALKYALUMINUM ALKOXY HALIDE, REACTION PRODUCTS OF THESE WITH AN ELECTRON-DONOR COMPOUND, REACTION PRODUCTS OF THESE WITH AN ALKALI METAL COMPLEX FLUORIDE OF A TRANSITION METAL, REACTION PRODUCTS OF AN ALKYLALUMINUM DIHALIDE WITH AN ELECTRON-DONOR COMPOUND, REACTION PRODUCTS OF AN ALKYLALUMINUM DIHALIDE WITH AN ALKALI METAL HALIDE, AND REACTION PRODUCTS OF AN ALKYLALUMINUM DIHALIDE WITH AN ALKALI METAL COMPLEX FLUORIDE OF A TRANSITION METAL.
Abstract:
1. PROCESS FOR THE PREPARATION OF CATALYST FOR THE POLYMERIZATION OF ETHYLENE AND FOR THE COPOLYMERIZATION OF ETHYLENE AND AN ALPHA-OLEFIN, SAID CATALYST CONSISTING ESSENTIALLY OF AN ORGANOMETALLIC COMPOUND SELECTED FROM THE GROUP CONSISTING OF AN ALUMINUM TRIALKYL A ZINC DIALKYL AND A DIALKYL HALIDE OF ALUMINUM WHEREIN EACH ALKYL GROUP CONTAINS 1 TO 4 CARBON ATOMS, AND THE PRODUCT OF INTER-REACTION OF A HALOGENATED DERIVATIVE OF A TRANSITION METAL SELECTED FROM THE GROUP CONSISTING OF CHLORIDES, BROMIDES AND OXYHALIDES OF METALS OF GROUPS IVB AND VB OF THE PERIODIC SYSTEM, IN THE LIQUID STATE AND A SOLID GRANULAR SUPPORT CHARACTERIZED BY IMPREGNATING AT A TEMPERAURE BETWEEN 50 AND 160*C., FOR A TIME NOT LESS THAN 30MINUTES WITH THE LIQUID HALOGENATED DERIVATIVE OF THE TRANSITION METAL THE GRANULAR SUPPORT TO FORM A SUPPORT WHEREIN SAID HALOGENATED COMPOUND FORMS 5 TO 25 PERCENT BY WEIGHT OF THE SUPPORT OBTAINED BY SUBJECTING TO AN ACTIVATION TREATMENT A MAGNESIUM SALT OF AN ORGANIC ACID SELECTED FROM THE GROUP CONSISTING OF MAGNESIUM OXALATE, FORMATE, LACTATE, TARTRATE, ACETATE, BENZOATE AND CITRATE CONTAINING UP TO 5 MOLECULES OF WATER OF CRYSTALLIZATION, OR A DOUBLE ALKALI METAL AND MAGNESIUM SALT OF SAID ORGANIC ACID CONTAINING UP TO 8 MOLECULES OF WATER OF CRYSTALLIZATION, THE ACTIVATION TREATMENT CONSISTING ESSENTIALLY OF HEATING THE MAGNESIUM SALT OR THE DOUBLE ALKALI METAL AND MAGNESIUM SALT IN A CURRENT OF INERT GAS WHICH IS ANHYDROUS OR HAS A HUMIDITY NOT GREATER THAN 10 PERCENT BY WEIGHT OF SATURATION, HEATING TAKING PLACE GRADUALLY TO A TEMPERATURE AT LEAST 20-30* C., BELOW THE DECOMPOSITION POINT OF THE SALT AND MAINTAINING THE SALT AT TIS TEMPERATURE FOR 5 TO 50 HOURS, SAID INTER-REACTION PRODUCT OF THE HALOGENATED DERIVATIVE OF THE TRANSITION METAL AND THE SOLID SUPPORT BEING CONTACTED WITH THE ORGANOMETALLIC COMPOUND IN A RELATIVE AMOUNT SUCH THAT THE MOLAR RATIO OF THE ORGANOMETALLIC COMPOUND TO THE TRANSITION METAL FIXED ON THE SUPPORT IS 20 TO 150.