公开(公告)号：US20190277825A1

公开(公告)日：2019-09-12

申请号：US16349006

申请日：2017-11-13

申请人： ScrapScanner B.V.

发明人： Hendrikus STAAL ,  Martijn VAN DE POLL ,  Simon Petrus Maria BERKHOUT ,  Peter Carlo REM

IPC分类号： G01N33/202 ,  C22B1/00 ,  G01N21/71 ,  G01N23/204 ,  G01N27/72

摘要： The invention is direct to a method and an apparatus for the bulk determination of scrap metal content, said method comprising the steps of providing a scrap metal input; preparing said input for submission to a bulk scanning apparatus; scanning at least part of the scrap metal with a bulk scanning apparatus to determine the composition of the scrap metal; and securing said scrap metal from the step of providing the scrap metal input to the step of scanning at least part of the scrap metal. Said apparatus comprises a scanning container together with a low-intensity neutron scattering device, a laser cutting device and/or magnetic sensing device.

公开(公告)号：US08693627B2

公开(公告)日：2014-04-08

申请号：US13477503

申请日：2012-05-22

申请人： Eiji Oyaizu ,  Akihisa Saito ,  Yoshitaka Adachi ,  Kazumitsu Morimoto

发明人： Eiji Oyaizu ,  Akihisa Saito ,  Yoshitaka Adachi ,  Kazumitsu Morimoto

IPC分类号： G01T1/202 ,  C09K11/85 ,  C09K11/84 ,  G01N23/04 ,  G01N23/204

CPC分类号： C09K11/7733 ,  C09K11/7771 ,  G21K4/00 ,  G21K2004/08

摘要： In an embodiment, an X-ray detector has a transmissive fluorescence generating portion, and a reflective fluorescence generating portion. The transmissive and reflective fluorescence generating portions have at least one of an intensifying screen having a phosphor layer that contains praseodymium-activated gadolinium oxysulfide phosphor particles in which a ratio of particles having a particle diameter falling in ±30% of a center particle diameter is 45% by volume or more and their filling rate is 60% by volume or more, and an intensifying screen having a phosphor layer that contains europium-activated barium fluorochloride phosphor particles in which a ratio of particles having a particle diameter falling in ±30% of a center particle diameter is 45% by volume or more and their filling rate is 45% by volume or more.

摘要翻译： 在一个实施例中，X射线检测器具有透射荧光产生部分和反射荧光产生部分。 透射和反射荧光产生部分具有至少一个具有荧光体层的增强屏幕，其中荧光体层含有镨激活的氧硫化钆荧光体颗粒，其中粒径在中心粒径的±30％中的颗粒的比例为45 体积比以上，填充率为60体积％以上，具有含有铕激活的氟化钡荧光体粒子的荧光体层的增强丝网，其中粒径在±30％以下的粒子的比率 中心粒径为45体积％以上，填充率为45体积％以上。

公开(公告)号：US20080175351A1

公开(公告)日：2008-07-24

申请号：US11871846

申请日：2007-10-12

申请人： Eric B. Norman ,  Stanley G. Prussin

发明人： Eric B. Norman ,  Stanley G. Prussin

IPC分类号： G01N23/204

CPC分类号： G01V5/0091

摘要： A method and a system for detecting the presence of special nuclear materials in a suspect container. The system and its method include irradiating the suspect container with a beam of neutrons, so as to induce a thermal fission in a portion of the special nuclear materials, detecting the gamma rays that are emitted from the fission products formed by the thermal fission, to produce a detector signal, comparing the detector signal with a threshold value to form a comparison, and detecting the presence of the special nuclear materials using the comparison.

摘要翻译： 一种用于检测可疑容器中特殊核材料的存在的方法和系统。 该系统及其方法包括用一束中子照射可疑容器，以便在特殊核材料的一部分中引起热裂变，检测从热裂变形成的裂变产物发射的伽马射线， 产生检测器信号，将检测器信号与阈值进行比较以形成比较，并使用比较来检测特殊核材料的存在。

公开(公告)号：US5703371A

公开(公告)日：1997-12-30

申请号：US689565

申请日：1996-08-12

申请人： David Michael Farkas ,  Daniel Reese Lutz

发明人： David Michael Farkas ,  Daniel Reese Lutz

IPC分类号： G01N23/05 ,  G01N23/204 ,  G01N23/202

CPC分类号： G01N23/05

摘要： A neutron radiography camera operates in cooperation with a neutron beam source for determining hydrogen content of irradiated BWR fuel elements. The camera implements the method using a notched neutron spectrum filter to determine the hydrogen content. The camera is specifically configured to take advantage of the tubular geometry of a nuclear fuel rod. Incident neutron beam ports are formed in a base unit that receives an incident filtered neutron beam. The ports aim the neutron beam at a periphery of the BWR fuel elements, which in the context of nuclear fuel rods includes zirconium alloy cladding. Collision of the neutrons with hydrogen in the cladding lowers their energy and scatters them at preferential angles. Scatter cavities defining scattered neutron paths are formed in the base unit, and absorber plates are disposed of terminal ends of the scatter cavities. The absorber plates become activated by resonance absorption from the neutrons scattered by hydrogen in the target fuel elements. The hydrogen content can be determined from the activated absorber plates.

摘要翻译： 中子射线摄影照相机与中子束源协同工作，以确定照射的BWR燃料元件的氢含量。 相机使用缺口中子频谱滤波器来实现该方法来确定氢含量。 相机被特别地配置成利用核燃料棒的管状几何形状。 事件中子束端口形成在接收入射过滤的中子束的基本单元中。 这些端口将中子束瞄准BWR燃料元件的周边，在核燃料棒的上下文中包括锆合金包层。 包层中的中子与氢的碰撞降低了它们的能量，并以优先的角度散射它​​们。 形成分散中子路径的散射腔形成在基座单元中，并且吸收板设置在散射空腔的末端。 吸收板通过来自目标燃料元件中由氢分散的中子的共振吸收而激活。 可以从活化的吸收板确定氢含量。

公开(公告)号：US5572021A

公开(公告)日：1996-11-05

申请号：US432501

申请日：1995-05-01

申请人： James F. Heathman ,  Robert F. Shelley ,  Jiten Chatterji

发明人： James F. Heathman ,  Robert F. Shelley ,  Jiten Chatterji

IPC分类号： C04B40/00 ,  C09K8/46 ,  E21B33/13 ,  E21B43/26 ,  E21B47/10 ,  G01N23/204 ,  G01V5/10

CPC分类号： G01V5/104 ,  C04B40/0096 ,  C09K8/46 ,  E21B33/13 ,  E21B43/26 ,  E21B47/1015 ,  G01N23/204

摘要： Methods are provided for detecting the surface and/or subterranean locations of well treating fluids after the treating fluids have been introduced into wells and used for performing treatments therein. The methods of determining the subterranean locations of treating fluids basically comprise introducing a treating fluid into a well having a non-hazardous thermal neutron absorbing material combined therewith and performing a treatment in the well with the fluid. Fast neutrons from a source thereof are emitted in the well after the treatment whereby they interact with elements in the well and are thermalized. The thermal neutrons backscattered in the well are detected, and a count representing the detected thermal neutrons is generated. The subterranean locations of the treating fluid are determined by comparing the thermal neutron counts in the well before and after placement of the thermal neutron absorbing treating fluid therein.

摘要翻译： 提供了用于在将处理流体引入井中并用于在其中进行处理之后检测井处理流体的表面和/或地下位置的方法。 确定处理流体的地下位置的方法基本上包括将处理流体引入到具有与之组合的非危险热中子吸收材料的井中，并在该井内与流体进行处理。 来自其来源的快中子在处理后在井中发射，由此它们与井中的元素相互作用并被热化。 检测到井中反向散射的热中子，并且产生表示检测到的热中子的计数。 处理流体的地下位置通过比较在其中放置热中子吸收处理流体之前和之后的井中的热中子计数来确定。

公开(公告)号：US5543623A

公开(公告)日：1996-08-06

申请号：US739160

申请日：1991-07-31

申请人： Lorne G. Everett ,  David Blakely

发明人： Lorne G. Everett ,  David Blakely

IPC分类号： G01M3/20 ,  G01N23/204

CPC分类号： G01M3/20

摘要： This technique for detecting underground contamination by organic fluids employs a plurality of spaced-apart boreholes adjacent a region to be tested for contamination. A neutron backscatter gauge is introduced into each of the boreholes for measuring the concentration of hydrogen in the soil surrounding the borehole. Such measurements are made at a plurality of spaced elevations along such a borehole and the distribution of hydrogen concentration as a function of elevation is compared with the expected distribution of hydrogen from underground sources of hydrogen, for distinguishing organic fluid contamination from other sources of hydrogen. For example, one can distinguish buried concrete or underground water from organic contamination. Measurements can also be made using chemical analysis methods. In another embodiment, the invention is used to profile and affect biodegradation. A plurality of spaced apart boreholes are provided in the buried material (for example, dump site). Hydrogen concentrations are measured over a period of time. Substantially unchanging hydrogen concentration in a region would indicate lack of aerobic degradation. Biodegradation can also be evaluated by monitoring the concentration of other biodegradation products. Changes in the biodegradation rate may be affected by injecting material into the region.

摘要翻译： 用于检测有机流体地下污染的这种技术采用了邻近被测试区域的多个间隔开的钻孔以进行污染。 将中子后向散射计导入每个钻孔中，以测量钻孔周围土壤中的氢浓度。 这样的测量在沿着这样的钻孔的多个间隔的高度处进行，并且将氢浓度作为仰角的分布与来自地下氢源的氢的预期分布进行比较，以区分有机流体污染物与其他氢源。 例如，可以将埋地混凝土或地下水与有机污染区分开来。 还可以使用化学分析方法进行测量。 在另一个实施方案中，本发明用于分析和影响生物降解。 多个间隔开的钻孔设置在掩埋材料（例如倾倒场所）中。 在一段时间内测量氢浓度。 在一个区域内基本上不变的氢浓度将表明缺氧有氧降解。 生物降解也可以通过监测其他生物降解产物的浓度来评估。 生物降解速率的变化可能会因为向该地区注入物质而受到影响。

公开(公告)号：US4933556A

公开(公告)日：1990-06-12

申请号：US63082

申请日：1987-06-17

申请人： Peter A. E. Stewart ,  Peter H. Fowler

发明人： Peter A. E. Stewart ,  Peter H. Fowler

IPC分类号： G01K11/00 ,  G01K11/30 ,  G01N23/09 ,  G01N23/204

CPC分类号： G01K11/30

摘要： The temperature of an object (10) is measured by monitoring the thermal Doppler broadening of resonances in its neutron transmission characteristics, as neutrons (11) pass through it from a source (12) to a detector (14). Various surfaces (18, 20, 24) of the object are each plated with a different element, such as platinum, iridium and rhenium respectively. By monitoring the Doppler broadening of resonances due to platinum, the temperature of the platinum surface (18) can be determined; and the temperatures of the iridium surface (20) and the rhenium surface (24) are determined likewise.

摘要翻译： 当中子（11）从源（12）通过其到检测器（14）时，通过监测其中子传播特性中的共振的热多普勒加宽来测量物体（10）的温度。 物体的各个表面（18,20,24）分别镀有不同的元素，例如铂，铱和铼。 通过监测由铂引起的共振的多普勒加宽，可以确定铂表面（18）的温度; 并且同样地确定铱表面（20）和铼表面（24）的温度。

公开(公告)号：US4864842A

公开(公告)日：1989-09-12

申请号：US226137

申请日：1988-07-29

申请人： Ali Regimand

发明人： Ali Regimand

IPC分类号： G01D18/00 ,  G01N23/09 ,  G01N23/204

CPC分类号： G01N23/09 ,  G01D18/008

摘要： The present invention provides a method and system which is useful on instruments requiring experimentally determined calibration curves by which calibration data can be transferred to a plurality of field gauges, thereby avoiding the necessity of individually calibrating each gauge each time calibration is necessary. The field gauges are initially cross related to a master gauge. At a later time when a new calibration is necessary, the master gauge is calibrated using carefully prepared samples of a test material. Using the experimentally derived calibration curves with the cross relation data provides calibration data for the field gauges.

公开(公告)号：US4499380A

公开(公告)日：1985-02-12

申请号：US435817

申请日：1982-10-21

申请人： Mohamed A. Aggour ,  Sanjoy Banerjee

发明人： Mohamed A. Aggour ,  Sanjoy Banerjee

IPC分类号： G01N23/204 ,  G01T3/00

CPC分类号： G01N23/204

摘要： Set forth in the accompanying disclosure is an apparatus 10 and method broadly useful for monitoring the concentration of a hydrogenous component within a given sample or space. The specific apparatus disclosed is directed to monitoring steam quality within a steam conduit 12. A fast neutron source 22 is positioned proximate a conduit 12. A moderating element 32 is situated intermediate the source 22 and conduit 12 for softening the neutron spectrum incident to the conduit 12. Two neutron detectors 36 are positioned at opposite sides of the conduit 12, each being spaced an equal radial distance from the source 22. Means 42 is provided for establishing from the rate of neutron detection and certain other physical properties of the sample data concerning the concentration or disposition of a hydrogenous component of the sample. The source 22, detectors 36, and conduit 12 are surrounded by a neutron reflector 20 of neutron moderating material.

摘要翻译： 所附公开内容中列出的是用于监测给定样品或空间内的含氢组分浓度的广泛有用的装置10和方法。 所公开的具体装置旨在监测蒸汽导管12内的蒸汽质量。快中子源22位于导管12附近。调节元件32位于源22和导管12之间，用于软化入射到导管的中子谱 两个中子探测器36定位在导管12的相对侧，每个中子探测器36与源22隔开相等的径向距离。提供装置42用于根据中子探测速率和样品数据的某些其他物理性质建立有关 样品的含氢组分的浓度或处置。 源22，检测器36和导管12被中子调节材料的中子反射器20包围。

公开(公告)号：US3353021A

公开(公告)日：1967-11-14

申请号：US40028864

申请日：1964-09-29

申请人： STEWART ROBERT F

发明人： STEWART ROBERT F

IPC分类号： G01N23/204

CPC分类号： G01N23/204