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21.发明授权Control of mercury and other elemental metal emissions from combustion devices by oxidation 有权通过氧化控制燃烧装置中汞和其他元素金属的排放公开(公告)号：US06790420B2
公开(公告)日：2004-09-14
申请号：US10072341
申请日：2002-02-07
IPC分类号： B01D5364
CPC分类号： B01D53/64
摘要： In a method of removing metals such as mercury from flue gas produced by combustion devices, ammonia and optionally carbon monoxide are injected into the flue gas in a manner so that there are sufficient amounts of these materials in the flue gas when the flue gas is at a temperature of from 900° F. to 1350° F. to oxidize the metals within the flue gas. The oxidized metals are then attracted to particulates present in the flue gas. These particulates bound with oxidized metals are removed from the flue gas by a particulate removal device such as an electrostatic precipitator or baghouse.
摘要翻译： 在从由燃烧装置产生的烟道气中除去汞等金属的方法中，氨和任选的一氧化碳以这样的方式注入烟道气中：当烟道气处于烟气时，在烟道气中有足够量的这些物质 温度为900°F至1350°F，以氧化烟道气中的金属。 然后将氧化的金属吸引到存在于烟道气中的颗粒。 这些与氧化金属结合的颗粒通过诸如静电除尘器或袋式除尘器的微粒去除装置从烟道气中除去。
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公开(公告)号：US06677765B2
公开(公告)日：2004-01-13
申请号：US10114362
申请日：2002-04-02
IPC分类号： G01R2708
CPC分类号： G01N27/041 , G01N17/02
摘要： A tubular probe has spaced apart bands or patches of the same material as the probe body attached to the probe body by an electrically insulating, high temperature material. A series of cooling tubes are provided within the probe body to direct cold air to the regions near each band. One or more probes is placed in a furnace or boiler above the ammonia injection zone. When ammonium bisulfate forms on the probe it completes an electrical circuit between the probe body and the bands and will also cause corrosion of the probe. The presence of ammonium bisulfate is detected by a change in resistance between the bands and the probe body. Electrochemical noise is generated during the corrosion process. A corrosion rate can be determined from the level or amount of electrochemical noise that is detected.
摘要翻译： 管状探针具有与通过电绝缘的高温材料附接到探针主体的探针体相同材料的间隔开的带或贴片。 在探针体内设置一系列冷却管，以将冷空气引导到每个带附近的区域。 将一个或多个探针放置在氨注入区上方的炉或锅炉中。 当探针上形成硫酸氢铵时，它会完成探针体和带之间的电路，同时也会导致探针腐蚀。 通过带和探针体之间的电阻变化来检测硫酸氢铵的存在。 在腐蚀过程中产生电化学噪音。 可以根据检测到的电化学噪声的水平或量来确定腐蚀速率。
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23.发明授权Reducing NOX emissions from a roof-fired furnace using separated parallel flow overfire air 失效使用分离的平行流超燃空气减少屋顶燃烧炉的NO x排放
公开(公告)号：US5694869A
公开(公告)日：1997-12-09
申请号：US365853
申请日：1994-12-29
申请人： Bernard P. Breen , John P. Bionda, Jr. , James E. Gabrielson , Anthony Hallo , John M. Koltick, Jr.
发明人： Bernard P. Breen , John P. Bionda, Jr. , James E. Gabrielson , Anthony Hallo , John M. Koltick, Jr.
CPC分类号： F23C6/045 , F23C2201/10
摘要： An improved method and apparatus for supplying combustion air in a roof-fired furnace. Part of the combustion air, overfire air, enters through the roof of a roof-fired furnace at positions separate from the coal burners. The separated entry of overfire air ensures that the initial stages of combustion occur in a fuel-rich environment. A fuel-rich environment during the early stages of combustion favors the formation of molecular nitrogen and disfavors the formation of nitrogen oxides during combustion. The overfire air flows roughly parallel to the flow of combustion products emanating from the coal burners. The overfire air can be angled by vanes either slightly towards or slightly away from the combustion products, depending on how long combustion needs to be retarded in order to inhibit the formation of nitrogen oxides.
摘要翻译： 一种用于在屋顶燃烧炉中供应燃烧空气的改进方法和装置。 燃烧空气的一部分，超燃空气通过屋顶燃烧炉的屋顶进入与煤燃烧器分开的位置。 超燃空气的分离进入确保了燃料的初始阶段在富燃料环境中发生。 在燃烧早期阶段，富含燃料的环境有利于分子氮的形成，并且在燃烧过程中不利于氮氧化物的形成。 过火空气大致平行于从燃煤机发出的燃烧产物的流动。 过热空气可以通过稍微朝向或稍微远离燃烧产物的叶片成角度，这取决于为了抑制氮氧化物的形成而需要延迟燃烧。
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公开(公告)号：US5207164A
公开(公告)日：1993-05-04
申请号：US868702
申请日：1992-04-15
IPC分类号： F23C9/00
CPC分类号： F23C9/003
摘要： In a process to limit the production of flyash by dry bottom boilers, flyash is collected from flue gas using a collector such as an electrostatic precipitator. The collected flyash is carried in a carrier gas stream to which a fuel is added. The stream is introduced into the boiler in a manner to cause the flyash to soften, agglomerate and fall into the bottom ash pit.
摘要翻译： 在通过干底锅炉限制飞灰生产的过程中，使用诸如静电除尘器的收集器从烟道气收集飞灰。 收集的粉煤灰被载入加入燃料的载气流中。 流以引起粉煤灰软化，附聚并落入底灰坑的方式引入锅炉中。
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25.发明授权Method and apparatus for detection, measurement and control of sulfur-trioxide and other condensables in flue gas 有权检测，测量和控制烟气中三氧化硫和其他可冷凝物的方法和装置公开(公告)号：US08256267B2
公开(公告)日：2012-09-04
申请号：US12540010
申请日：2009-08-12
IPC分类号： G01N25/00
CPC分类号： G01N27/14 , G01N25/68 , G01N33/0042
摘要： In a method of determining amounts of condensable species present in a gas containing condensable species a probe is placed into a gas containing condensable species. The probe has a plurality of spaced apart contacts on an outer non-conductive surface. That surface is heated at a selected heating rate and then cooled at a selected cooling rate over a selected time period. During that time period current flow between the contacts and the temperature of the non-conductive surface is monitored over the selected time period. Peaks in a plot of the current flow over the selected time period and the temperature for the time corresponding to each peak are then correlated to the condensable species has a kinetic dew point at each identified temperature. The identified temperature for each identified species is compared to a predetermined correlation of dew point temperature and concentration for that species to determine the concentration of that condensable species present in the gas.
摘要翻译： 在确定存在于含有可冷凝物质的气体中的可冷凝物质的量的方法中，将探针置于含有可冷凝物质的气体中。 探针在外部非导电表面上具有多个间隔开的接触。 将该表面以选定的加热速率加热，然后在选定的时间段内以选定的冷却速率冷却。 在该时间段期间，在所选择的时间段内监测触点之间的电流和非导电表面的温度。 然后在所选择的时间段内的电流曲线的峰值和对应于每个峰值的时间的温度的峰值与可冷凝物质相关联，在每个识别的温度下具有动态露点。 将每个鉴定物种的鉴定温度与该物质的露点温度和浓度的预定相关性进行比较，以确定气体中存在的可冷凝物质的浓度。
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26.发明授权Control of mercury and other elemental metal emissions using reaction stabilization device 失效使用反应稳定装置控制汞和其他元素金属排放公开(公告)号：US07597864B2
公开(公告)日：2009-10-06
申请号：US10892920
申请日：2004-07-16
IPC分类号： B01D47/00 , B01D53/46 , B01D53/86 , B01D45/00 , B01D46/00 , B01D53/00 , B01J8/02 , F23J11/00
CPC分类号： F23M9/003 , B01D53/64 , F23J7/00 , F23J2215/60 , F23J2219/80
摘要： Ammonia and optionally carbon monoxide are injected into the flue gas containing metals such as mercury in a manner so that there are sufficient amounts of these materials in the flue gas when the flue gas is at a temperature of from 900° F. to 1,450° F. to oxidize the metals within the flue gas. The oxidized metals are then attracted to particulates present in the flue gas. Oxidation is facilitated by a reaction zone stabilizer through which the flue gas flows. The stabilizer provides a stable continuous ignition front. These particulates bound with oxidized metals are removed from the flue gas by a particulate removal device such as an electrostatic precipitator or baghouse. After the ammonia is injected, the flue gas can be rapidly cooled to a temperature below 500° F. to minimize decomposition of oxidized metals in the flue gas.
摘要翻译： 氨和任选的一氧化碳被注入到含有金属如汞的烟道气中，使得当废气处于900°F至1,450°F的温度时，烟道气中存在足够量的这些物质 以氧化烟道气中的金属。 然后将氧化的金属吸引到存在于烟道气中的颗粒。 通过烟道气流过的反应区稳定剂促进氧化。 稳定器提供稳定的连续点火前端。 这些与氧化金属结合的颗粒通过诸如静电除尘器或袋式除尘器的微粒去除装置从烟道气中除去。 在注入氨后，可以将废气快速冷却至低于500°F的温度，以最大限度地减少废气中氧化金属的分解。
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27.发明授权Method to decrease emissions of nitrogen oxides and mercury through in-situ gasification of carbon/water slurries 有权通过碳/水浆料原位气化来减少氮氧化物和汞排放的方法公开(公告)号：US07497172B2
公开(公告)日：2009-03-03
申请号：US11249977
申请日：2005-10-12
IPC分类号： F23J15/00
CPC分类号： F23J15/003 , F23C1/10 , F23G2206/203 , F23G2209/28 , F23J2215/60 , F23J2219/30 , F23L7/002 , Y02E20/12 , Y10S95/901
摘要： In a method for removing NOx from the flue gas using a coal water slurry, other carbon containing fuel and water, or unburned carbon existing in the furnace itself due to continuing combustion, the ratio of carbon to water is adjusted so that a portion of the carbon forms activated carbon after injection of the fuel slurry into the flue gas. The activated carbon is then available to collect mercury chloride from the flue gas which has been formed through the enhancement of the mercury and chlorine oxidation reaction, enhanced through the heterogeneous reaction mechanism of this same activated carbon in the primary combustion fuel.
摘要翻译： 在使用煤水浆，其他含碳燃料和水的碳或由于持续燃烧而存在于炉本身的未燃碳的烟道气中除去NOx的方法中，碳与水的比例被调节， 在将燃料浆料注入烟气中之后，碳形成活性炭。 然后活性炭可用于从通过增强汞和氯氧化反应形成的烟道气中收集氯化汞，并通过主燃烧燃料中相同活性炭的非均相反应机理得到增强。
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28.发明授权公开(公告)号：US06848373B2
公开(公告)日：2005-02-01
申请号：US10372555
申请日：2003-02-21
CPC分类号： F28D7/0041 , F28G15/00 , G01N17/00 , G01N25/18
摘要： In a method of measuring heat flux and corrosion in a furnace, pairs of thermocouples are attached to the back side of the furnace wall. One thermocouple of each pair is attached to a tube and the second thermocouple is attached to a web connected to that tube. A temperature differential is determined for each pair at selected time intervals. A decrease in the difference between temperature differentials indicates slag on the furnace wall has melted indicating corrosion can be occurring.
摘要翻译： 在测量炉中的热通量和腐蚀的方法中，将一对热电偶连接到炉壁的后侧。 每对的一个热电偶连接到管，并且第二热电偶连接到连接到该管的腹板上。 以选定的时间间隔为每对确定温差。 温差之间的差异减小表明炉壁上的炉渣已经熔化，表明可能会发生腐蚀。
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公开(公告)号：US07288233B2
公开(公告)日：2007-10-30
申请号：US10910035
申请日：2004-08-03
CPC分类号： B01D53/64 , B01D2257/602
摘要： In a method of removing metals such as mercury from flue gas produced by combustion devices, water or water including a calcium-containing component or water including Cl− anion formers or water including both a calcium-containing component and Cl− anion formers is injected into the flue gas in a manner so that there are sufficient amounts of these materials in the flue gas when the flue gas is at a temperature from about 250° F. to about 350° F. to retain the mercury within the aqueous phase. After the water evaporates, the oxidized mercury is retained on the dry flyash particles present in the flue gas. These flyash particles bound with the oxidized mercury are removed from the flue gas by a particulate removal device, such as an electrostatic precipitator, baghouse filter or cyclone.
摘要翻译： 在从由燃烧装置产生的烟道气中除去汞等金属的方法中，包括含钙组分或水的水或水包括含有阴离子的阴离子或水，包括含钙组分和 阴离子形成器以这样的方式注入烟道气中，使得当烟道气处于约250°F至约350°的温度时，烟道气中存在足够量的这些物质 °F以将汞保持在水相中。 水蒸发后，氧化的汞被保留在烟气中存在的干燥的粉煤灰颗粒上。 与氧化汞结合的这些飞灰颗粒通过微粒去除装置如静电除尘器，袋式过滤器或旋风分离器从烟道气中除去。
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30.发明授权Method to improve the performance of low-NOx burners operating on difficult to stabilize coals 失效提高在难以稳定的煤上操作的低NOx燃烧器性能的方法
公开(公告)号：US4932337A
公开(公告)日：1990-06-12
申请号：US236608
申请日：1988-08-25
申请人： Bernard P. Breen , John H. Pohl , Howard B. Lange
发明人： Bernard P. Breen , John H. Pohl , Howard B. Lange
IPC分类号： F23D17/00
CPC分类号： F23D17/007 , F23D17/005
摘要： A method is disclosed which overcomes the problems which tend to occur in application low-NOx burners to coals in which the volatile matter is low in heat content. A gaseous or volatile liquid fuel is introduced into the ignition zone and/or the primary flame immediately downstream of the burner. This fuel will have the same effect as increased quality and quantity of the volatile content of the coal.
摘要翻译： 公开了一种方法，其克服了在将低NOx燃烧器应用于挥发性物质的热含量低的煤中倾向于发生的问题。 气体或挥发性液体燃料直接在燃烧器下游引入点火区和/或主火焰。 这种燃料将具有与提高煤的挥发物含量的质量和数量相同的效果。
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