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公开(公告)号：US5207164A
公开(公告)日：1993-05-04
申请号：US868702
申请日：1992-04-15
IPC分类号： F23C9/00
CPC分类号： F23C9/003
摘要： In a process to limit the production of flyash by dry bottom boilers, flyash is collected from flue gas using a collector such as an electrostatic precipitator. The collected flyash is carried in a carrier gas stream to which a fuel is added. The stream is introduced into the boiler in a manner to cause the flyash to soften, agglomerate and fall into the bottom ash pit.
摘要翻译： 在通过干底锅炉限制飞灰生产的过程中，使用诸如静电除尘器的收集器从烟道气收集飞灰。 收集的粉煤灰被载入加入燃料的载气流中。 流以引起粉煤灰软化，附聚并落入底灰坑的方式引入锅炉中。
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公开(公告)号：US5044286A
公开(公告)日：1991-09-03
申请号：US447789
申请日：1989-12-08
摘要： A method of recycling fly ash as slag in a wet bottom furnace is described. The furnace may have a cyclone furnace, a pulverized coal furnace, or any other type of furnace producing wet slag. All or part of the collected fly ash is collected and returned to the furnace and combined with enough fuel to melt the ash. Melted ash directed against a wall, floor or side of the cyclone or furnace will flow to the bottom of the furnace so as to facilitate the liquid slag. The fly ash may be collected by an electrostatic precipitator, baghouse, cyclone (multiclone) or other device. The fly ash may be returned to the furnace or the cyclone using air, flue gas, steam, fuel, or other gas as a carrier.
摘要翻译： 描述了在湿底炉中回收粉煤灰作为炉渣的方法。 炉子可以具有旋风炉，粉煤炉或任何其他类型的产生湿渣的炉。 收集的所有或部分收集的粉煤灰并返回到炉中并与足够的燃料混合以熔化灰分。 针对旋风分离器或炉子的壁，地板或侧面的熔融灰分将流到炉底，以便于液体渣。 飞灰可以通过静电除尘器，袋式除尘器，旋风分离器（multilone）或其他装置收集。 飞灰可以使用空气，烟道气，蒸汽，燃料或其它气体作为载体返回到炉子或旋风分离器。
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公开(公告)号：US5276254A
公开(公告)日：1994-01-04
申请号：US868701
申请日：1992-04-15
IPC分类号： C22B1/14
CPC分类号： C22B1/14
摘要： A process for stabilizing sludge containing flyash and calcium sulfate formed by a lime or limestone scrubber increases the sludge particles to a size at which leaching of toxic metals from the particles no longer occurs at toxic levels. The sludge is dewatered and injected into the furnace in a manner to cause the flyash to soften and stick together. The agglomerated particles then fall into a bottom ash pit for removal as a common waste.
摘要翻译： 用于稳定由石灰或石灰石洗涤器形成的含有粉煤灰和硫酸钙的污泥的方法将污泥颗粒增加到有毒金属从颗粒中浸出不再发生在有毒水平的尺寸。 将污泥脱水并注入炉内，使粉煤灰软化并粘在一起。 聚集的颗粒然后落入一个底部灰坑，以作为常见的废物去除。
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4.发明授权Control of mercury and other elemental metal emissions using reaction stabilization device 失效使用反应稳定装置控制汞和其他元素金属排放公开(公告)号：US07597864B2
公开(公告)日：2009-10-06
申请号：US10892920
申请日：2004-07-16
IPC分类号： B01D47/00 , B01D53/46 , B01D53/86 , B01D45/00 , B01D46/00 , B01D53/00 , B01J8/02 , F23J11/00
CPC分类号： F23M9/003 , B01D53/64 , F23J7/00 , F23J2215/60 , F23J2219/80
摘要： Ammonia and optionally carbon monoxide are injected into the flue gas containing metals such as mercury in a manner so that there are sufficient amounts of these materials in the flue gas when the flue gas is at a temperature of from 900° F. to 1,450° F. to oxidize the metals within the flue gas. The oxidized metals are then attracted to particulates present in the flue gas. Oxidation is facilitated by a reaction zone stabilizer through which the flue gas flows. The stabilizer provides a stable continuous ignition front. These particulates bound with oxidized metals are removed from the flue gas by a particulate removal device such as an electrostatic precipitator or baghouse. After the ammonia is injected, the flue gas can be rapidly cooled to a temperature below 500° F. to minimize decomposition of oxidized metals in the flue gas.
摘要翻译： 氨和任选的一氧化碳被注入到含有金属如汞的烟道气中，使得当废气处于900°F至1,450°F的温度时，烟道气中存在足够量的这些物质 以氧化烟道气中的金属。 然后将氧化的金属吸引到存在于烟道气中的颗粒。 通过烟道气流过的反应区稳定剂促进氧化。 稳定器提供稳定的连续点火前端。 这些与氧化金属结合的颗粒通过诸如静电除尘器或袋式除尘器的微粒去除装置从烟道气中除去。 在注入氨后，可以将废气快速冷却至低于500°F的温度，以最大限度地减少废气中氧化金属的分解。
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5.发明授权Method to decrease emissions of nitrogen oxides and mercury through in-situ gasification of carbon/water slurries 有权通过碳/水浆料原位气化来减少氮氧化物和汞排放的方法公开(公告)号：US07497172B2
公开(公告)日：2009-03-03
申请号：US11249977
申请日：2005-10-12
IPC分类号： F23J15/00
CPC分类号： F23J15/003 , F23C1/10 , F23G2206/203 , F23G2209/28 , F23J2215/60 , F23J2219/30 , F23L7/002 , Y02E20/12 , Y10S95/901
摘要： In a method for removing NOx from the flue gas using a coal water slurry, other carbon containing fuel and water, or unburned carbon existing in the furnace itself due to continuing combustion, the ratio of carbon to water is adjusted so that a portion of the carbon forms activated carbon after injection of the fuel slurry into the flue gas. The activated carbon is then available to collect mercury chloride from the flue gas which has been formed through the enhancement of the mercury and chlorine oxidation reaction, enhanced through the heterogeneous reaction mechanism of this same activated carbon in the primary combustion fuel.
摘要翻译： 在使用煤水浆，其他含碳燃料和水的碳或由于持续燃烧而存在于炉本身的未燃碳的烟道气中除去NOx的方法中，碳与水的比例被调节， 在将燃料浆料注入烟气中之后，碳形成活性炭。 然后活性炭可用于从通过增强汞和氯氧化反应形成的烟道气中收集氯化汞，并通过主燃烧燃料中相同活性炭的非均相反应机理得到增强。
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6.发明授权公开(公告)号：US06848373B2
公开(公告)日：2005-02-01
申请号：US10372555
申请日：2003-02-21
CPC分类号： F28D7/0041 , F28G15/00 , G01N17/00 , G01N25/18
摘要： In a method of measuring heat flux and corrosion in a furnace, pairs of thermocouples are attached to the back side of the furnace wall. One thermocouple of each pair is attached to a tube and the second thermocouple is attached to a web connected to that tube. A temperature differential is determined for each pair at selected time intervals. A decrease in the difference between temperature differentials indicates slag on the furnace wall has melted indicating corrosion can be occurring.
摘要翻译： 在测量炉中的热通量和腐蚀的方法中，将一对热电偶连接到炉壁的后侧。 每对的一个热电偶连接到管，并且第二热电偶连接到连接到该管的腹板上。 以选定的时间间隔为每对确定温差。 温差之间的差异减小表明炉壁上的炉渣已经熔化，表明可能会发生腐蚀。
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公开(公告)号：US07288233B2
公开(公告)日：2007-10-30
申请号：US10910035
申请日：2004-08-03
CPC分类号： B01D53/64 , B01D2257/602
摘要： In a method of removing metals such as mercury from flue gas produced by combustion devices, water or water including a calcium-containing component or water including Cl− anion formers or water including both a calcium-containing component and Cl− anion formers is injected into the flue gas in a manner so that there are sufficient amounts of these materials in the flue gas when the flue gas is at a temperature from about 250° F. to about 350° F. to retain the mercury within the aqueous phase. After the water evaporates, the oxidized mercury is retained on the dry flyash particles present in the flue gas. These flyash particles bound with the oxidized mercury are removed from the flue gas by a particulate removal device, such as an electrostatic precipitator, baghouse filter or cyclone.
摘要翻译： 在从由燃烧装置产生的烟道气中除去汞等金属的方法中，包括含钙组分或水的水或水包括含有阴离子的阴离子或水，包括含钙组分和 阴离子形成器以这样的方式注入烟道气中，使得当烟道气处于约250°F至约350°的温度时，烟道气中存在足够量的这些物质 °F以将汞保持在水相中。 水蒸发后，氧化的汞被保留在烟气中存在的干燥的粉煤灰颗粒上。 与氧化汞结合的这些飞灰颗粒通过微粒去除装置如静电除尘器，袋式过滤器或旋风分离器从烟道气中除去。
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公开(公告)号：US5809913A
公开(公告)日：1998-09-22
申请号：US730581
申请日：1996-10-15
IPC分类号： F23C10/18 , F23C6/04 , F23C7/02 , F23C10/00 , F23L1/00 , F23L9/02 , F23M5/08 , F23L17/00 , F23B7/00
CPC分类号： F23C6/045 , F23C7/02 , F23L9/02 , F23M5/085 , F23C2201/10
摘要： A method for reducing the rate of side wall corrosion in a coal-fired utility boiler. A plurality of side wall slots are provided in the side walls of the boiler so that a protective layer of air may be introduced through the slots and propelled upward by the updraft from the burners.
摘要翻译： 一种降低燃煤电力锅炉侧壁腐蚀速率的方法。 多个侧壁槽设置在锅炉的侧壁中，使得空气的保护层可以通过槽引入并且通过来自燃烧器的上升气流向上推动。
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公开(公告)号：US5724897A
公开(公告)日：1998-03-10
申请号：US738742
申请日：1996-10-28
CPC分类号： F23D1/00 , F23D2201/10 , F23D2201/20
摘要： An improved pulverized coal burner that reduces the formation of nitrogen oxides. The coal burner includes fuel splitters that separate a mixture of primary air and coal into a plurality of streams while the mixture is discharged through a diffuser having a plurality of partially open areas and a plurality of blocked areas. After passing through the diffuser, the plurality of streams are discharged into a furnace to be burned. The plurality of partially open areas and blocked areas are created by removing sections of the diffuser and replacing the removed sections with fuel spiders. Creation of these discrete streams delays mixing with secondary air. Because primary air is supplied in sub-stoichiometric quantities, the coal in these split streams will be burned under fuel-rich conditions for the first 100 to 200 milliseconds of combustion, until the delayed mixing of secondary air occurs. Combustion in a fuel-rich environment retards formation of nitrogen oxides in two ways. First, nitrogen that is part of the volatile matter that is evolved during the ears stages of combustion will tend to form molecular nitrogen rather than react with oxygen to form nitrogen oxides. Second, an oxygen deficiency will reduce formation of nitrogen oxides from atmospheric nitrogen. Two variations of bypass conduits are disclosed that allow a portion of the mixture of primary air and coal to bypass the diffuser and discharge into the furnace.
摘要翻译： 一种改进的粉煤燃烧器，可减少氮氧化物的形成。 煤燃烧器包括燃料分配器，其将一次空气和煤的混合物分离成多个流，同时通过具有多个部分开放区域和多个阻塞区域的扩散器排出混合物。 在通过扩散器之后，将多个流排出到待燃烧的炉中。 通过去除扩散器的部分并用燃料蜘蛛代替去除的部分来创建多个部分开放区域和阻塞区域。 这些离散流的创建延迟了与二次空气的混合。 由于一次空气以亚化学计量的方式供应，这些分流中的煤将在富燃料条件下燃烧第一个100至200毫秒的燃烧，直到发生二次空气的延迟混合。 在富含燃料的环境中的燃烧有两种方式阻碍了氮氧化物的形成。 首先，作为挥发性物质的一部分的氮在燃烧期间演化，倾向于形成分子氮而不是与氧反应形成氮氧化物。 第二，缺氧会减少氮氧化物从大气氮的形成。 公开了旁路管道的两种变型，其允许一次空气和煤的混合物的一部分绕过扩散器并排放到炉中。
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公开(公告)号：US4779545A
公开(公告)日：1988-10-25
申请号：US159677
申请日：1988-02-24
CPC分类号： F23C6/00 , F23C1/12 , F23J2219/201
摘要： An apparatus and method for reducing nitrogen oxide emissions from furnace flue gas is provided in which a pulse generator introduces natural gas, or other fluid fuel which has little or no fixed nitrogen, into the upper portion of the furnace. The fuel pulse reacts with the nitrogen oxide in the flue gas to form ammonia-like compounds and nitrogen gas. These ammonia-like compounds react with additional amounts of nitrogen oxide in the flue gas to form nitrogen gas, water vapor and carbon dioxide. In this manner, the amount of nitrogen oxide in the flue gas is reduced using a process which can be easily applied to retrofitted furnaces.
摘要翻译： 提供了一种用于减少炉烟气中的氮氧化物排放的装置和方法，其中脉冲发生器将天然气或具有很少或没有固定氮的其它流体燃料引入炉的上部。 燃料脉冲与烟气中的氮氧化物反应形成氨类化合物和氮气。 这些氨类化合物与烟道气中的额外量的氮氧化物反应，形成氮气，水蒸汽和二氧化碳。 以这种方式，使用可以容易地应用于改装的炉子的方法来减少烟道气中的氮氧化物的量。
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