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1.发明授权Control of mercury and other elemental metal emissions using reaction stabilization device 失效使用反应稳定装置控制汞和其他元素金属排放公开(公告)号：US07597864B2
公开(公告)日：2009-10-06
申请号：US10892920
申请日：2004-07-16
IPC分类号： B01D47/00 , B01D53/46 , B01D53/86 , B01D45/00 , B01D46/00 , B01D53/00 , B01J8/02 , F23J11/00
CPC分类号： F23M9/003 , B01D53/64 , F23J7/00 , F23J2215/60 , F23J2219/80
摘要： Ammonia and optionally carbon monoxide are injected into the flue gas containing metals such as mercury in a manner so that there are sufficient amounts of these materials in the flue gas when the flue gas is at a temperature of from 900° F. to 1,450° F. to oxidize the metals within the flue gas. The oxidized metals are then attracted to particulates present in the flue gas. Oxidation is facilitated by a reaction zone stabilizer through which the flue gas flows. The stabilizer provides a stable continuous ignition front. These particulates bound with oxidized metals are removed from the flue gas by a particulate removal device such as an electrostatic precipitator or baghouse. After the ammonia is injected, the flue gas can be rapidly cooled to a temperature below 500° F. to minimize decomposition of oxidized metals in the flue gas.
摘要翻译： 氨和任选的一氧化碳被注入到含有金属如汞的烟道气中，使得当废气处于900°F至1,450°F的温度时，烟道气中存在足够量的这些物质 以氧化烟道气中的金属。 然后将氧化的金属吸引到存在于烟道气中的颗粒。 通过烟道气流过的反应区稳定剂促进氧化。 稳定器提供稳定的连续点火前端。 这些与氧化金属结合的颗粒通过诸如静电除尘器或袋式除尘器的微粒去除装置从烟道气中除去。 在注入氨后，可以将废气快速冷却至低于500°F的温度，以最大限度地减少废气中氧化金属的分解。
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2.发明授权Method to decrease emissions of nitrogen oxides and mercury through in-situ gasification of carbon/water slurries 有权通过碳/水浆料原位气化来减少氮氧化物和汞排放的方法公开(公告)号：US07497172B2
公开(公告)日：2009-03-03
申请号：US11249977
申请日：2005-10-12
IPC分类号： F23J15/00
CPC分类号： F23J15/003 , F23C1/10 , F23G2206/203 , F23G2209/28 , F23J2215/60 , F23J2219/30 , F23L7/002 , Y02E20/12 , Y10S95/901
摘要： In a method for removing NOx from the flue gas using a coal water slurry, other carbon containing fuel and water, or unburned carbon existing in the furnace itself due to continuing combustion, the ratio of carbon to water is adjusted so that a portion of the carbon forms activated carbon after injection of the fuel slurry into the flue gas. The activated carbon is then available to collect mercury chloride from the flue gas which has been formed through the enhancement of the mercury and chlorine oxidation reaction, enhanced through the heterogeneous reaction mechanism of this same activated carbon in the primary combustion fuel.
摘要翻译： 在使用煤水浆，其他含碳燃料和水的碳或由于持续燃烧而存在于炉本身的未燃碳的烟道气中除去NOx的方法中，碳与水的比例被调节， 在将燃料浆料注入烟气中之后，碳形成活性炭。 然后活性炭可用于从通过增强汞和氯氧化反应形成的烟道气中收集氯化汞，并通过主燃烧燃料中相同活性炭的非均相反应机理得到增强。
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3.发明授权公开(公告)号：US06848373B2
公开(公告)日：2005-02-01
申请号：US10372555
申请日：2003-02-21
CPC分类号： F28D7/0041 , F28G15/00 , G01N17/00 , G01N25/18
摘要： In a method of measuring heat flux and corrosion in a furnace, pairs of thermocouples are attached to the back side of the furnace wall. One thermocouple of each pair is attached to a tube and the second thermocouple is attached to a web connected to that tube. A temperature differential is determined for each pair at selected time intervals. A decrease in the difference between temperature differentials indicates slag on the furnace wall has melted indicating corrosion can be occurring.
摘要翻译： 在测量炉中的热通量和腐蚀的方法中，将一对热电偶连接到炉壁的后侧。 每对的一个热电偶连接到管，并且第二热电偶连接到连接到该管的腹板上。 以选定的时间间隔为每对确定温差。 温差之间的差异减小表明炉壁上的炉渣已经熔化，表明可能会发生腐蚀。
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公开(公告)号：US07288233B2
公开(公告)日：2007-10-30
申请号：US10910035
申请日：2004-08-03
CPC分类号： B01D53/64 , B01D2257/602
摘要： In a method of removing metals such as mercury from flue gas produced by combustion devices, water or water including a calcium-containing component or water including Cl− anion formers or water including both a calcium-containing component and Cl− anion formers is injected into the flue gas in a manner so that there are sufficient amounts of these materials in the flue gas when the flue gas is at a temperature from about 250° F. to about 350° F. to retain the mercury within the aqueous phase. After the water evaporates, the oxidized mercury is retained on the dry flyash particles present in the flue gas. These flyash particles bound with the oxidized mercury are removed from the flue gas by a particulate removal device, such as an electrostatic precipitator, baghouse filter or cyclone.
摘要翻译： 在从由燃烧装置产生的烟道气中除去汞等金属的方法中，包括含钙组分或水的水或水包括含有阴离子的阴离子或水，包括含钙组分和 阴离子形成器以这样的方式注入烟道气中，使得当烟道气处于约250°F至约350°的温度时，烟道气中存在足够量的这些物质 °F以将汞保持在水相中。 水蒸发后，氧化的汞被保留在烟气中存在的干燥的粉煤灰颗粒上。 与氧化汞结合的这些飞灰颗粒通过微粒去除装置如静电除尘器，袋式过滤器或旋风分离器从烟道气中除去。
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公开(公告)号：US5207164A
公开(公告)日：1993-05-04
申请号：US868702
申请日：1992-04-15
IPC分类号： F23C9/00
CPC分类号： F23C9/003
摘要： In a process to limit the production of flyash by dry bottom boilers, flyash is collected from flue gas using a collector such as an electrostatic precipitator. The collected flyash is carried in a carrier gas stream to which a fuel is added. The stream is introduced into the boiler in a manner to cause the flyash to soften, agglomerate and fall into the bottom ash pit.
摘要翻译： 在通过干底锅炉限制飞灰生产的过程中，使用诸如静电除尘器的收集器从烟道气收集飞灰。 收集的粉煤灰被载入加入燃料的载气流中。 流以引起粉煤灰软化，附聚并落入底灰坑的方式引入锅炉中。
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公开(公告)号：US5044286A
公开(公告)日：1991-09-03
申请号：US447789
申请日：1989-12-08
摘要： A method of recycling fly ash as slag in a wet bottom furnace is described. The furnace may have a cyclone furnace, a pulverized coal furnace, or any other type of furnace producing wet slag. All or part of the collected fly ash is collected and returned to the furnace and combined with enough fuel to melt the ash. Melted ash directed against a wall, floor or side of the cyclone or furnace will flow to the bottom of the furnace so as to facilitate the liquid slag. The fly ash may be collected by an electrostatic precipitator, baghouse, cyclone (multiclone) or other device. The fly ash may be returned to the furnace or the cyclone using air, flue gas, steam, fuel, or other gas as a carrier.
摘要翻译： 描述了在湿底炉中回收粉煤灰作为炉渣的方法。 炉子可以具有旋风炉，粉煤炉或任何其他类型的产生湿渣的炉。 收集的所有或部分收集的粉煤灰并返回到炉中并与足够的燃料混合以熔化灰分。 针对旋风分离器或炉子的壁，地板或侧面的熔融灰分将流到炉底，以便于液体渣。 飞灰可以通过静电除尘器，袋式除尘器，旋风分离器（multilone）或其他装置收集。 飞灰可以使用空气，烟道气，蒸汽，燃料或其它气体作为载体返回到炉子或旋风分离器。
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公开(公告)号：US5276254A
公开(公告)日：1994-01-04
申请号：US868701
申请日：1992-04-15
IPC分类号： C22B1/14
CPC分类号： C22B1/14
摘要： A process for stabilizing sludge containing flyash and calcium sulfate formed by a lime or limestone scrubber increases the sludge particles to a size at which leaching of toxic metals from the particles no longer occurs at toxic levels. The sludge is dewatered and injected into the furnace in a manner to cause the flyash to soften and stick together. The agglomerated particles then fall into a bottom ash pit for removal as a common waste.
摘要翻译： 用于稳定由石灰或石灰石洗涤器形成的含有粉煤灰和硫酸钙的污泥的方法将污泥颗粒增加到有毒金属从颗粒中浸出不再发生在有毒水平的尺寸。 将污泥脱水并注入炉内，使粉煤灰软化并粘在一起。 聚集的颗粒然后落入一个底部灰坑，以作为常见的废物去除。
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8.发明授权Method and apparatus for detection, measurement and control of sulfur-trioxide and other condensables in flue gas 有权检测，测量和控制烟气中三氧化硫和其他可冷凝物的方法和装置公开(公告)号：US08256267B2
公开(公告)日：2012-09-04
申请号：US12540010
申请日：2009-08-12
IPC分类号： G01N25/00
CPC分类号： G01N27/14 , G01N25/68 , G01N33/0042
摘要： In a method of determining amounts of condensable species present in a gas containing condensable species a probe is placed into a gas containing condensable species. The probe has a plurality of spaced apart contacts on an outer non-conductive surface. That surface is heated at a selected heating rate and then cooled at a selected cooling rate over a selected time period. During that time period current flow between the contacts and the temperature of the non-conductive surface is monitored over the selected time period. Peaks in a plot of the current flow over the selected time period and the temperature for the time corresponding to each peak are then correlated to the condensable species has a kinetic dew point at each identified temperature. The identified temperature for each identified species is compared to a predetermined correlation of dew point temperature and concentration for that species to determine the concentration of that condensable species present in the gas.
摘要翻译： 在确定存在于含有可冷凝物质的气体中的可冷凝物质的量的方法中，将探针置于含有可冷凝物质的气体中。 探针在外部非导电表面上具有多个间隔开的接触。 将该表面以选定的加热速率加热，然后在选定的时间段内以选定的冷却速率冷却。 在该时间段期间，在所选择的时间段内监测触点之间的电流和非导电表面的温度。 然后在所选择的时间段内的电流曲线的峰值和对应于每个峰值的时间的温度的峰值与可冷凝物质相关联，在每个识别的温度下具有动态露点。 将每个鉴定物种的鉴定温度与该物质的露点温度和浓度的预定相关性进行比较，以确定气体中存在的可冷凝物质的浓度。
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公开(公告)号：US06478948B2
公开(公告)日：2002-11-12
申请号：US09793792
申请日：2001-02-26
IPC分类号： C23F1300
CPC分类号： G01N17/02 , F23G5/48 , F23M5/08 , F23M2900/05001
摘要： A method for monitoring and reducing corrosion in furnace boiler tubes measures electrochemical noise associated with corrosion mechanisms while corrosion is occurring at the surface of the tubes as they are exposed to combustion products. This noise is detected using a probe at the boiler waterwall surface that is connected to a corrosion monitor. The monitor contains a computer and software which determines a corrosion rate from the measured electrochemical noise. That rate is compared to a standard to determine if the rate is within acceptable limits. If not, the operator of the furnace or an Adaptive Process Controller (APC) is notified and adjusts one or more burners to change the combustion products that are responsible for the corrosion. Such an adjustment could be made by changing the amount of air or fuel being provided to the burner or other air slots or air ports. After that adjustment is made the furnace emissions could be checked for NOx, SOx and particulate emissions and further adjustments could be made to the burners to reduce those emissions.
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10.发明授权Apparatus and method for NO.sub.x reduction by selective injection of natural gas jets in flue gas 失效通过在烟道气中选择性地喷射天然气射流来减少NOx的装置和方法
公开(公告)号：US5915310A
公开(公告)日：1999-06-29
申请号：US507928
申请日：1995-07-27
CPC分类号： F23C6/047 , F23C2202/20 , F23J2215/10 , F23L2900/07009
摘要： A method of reducing NO.sub.x determines an NO.sub.x concentration profile within a zone of the furnace which is at a temperature below 2600.degree. F. A stream of fluid fuel is injected into at least one region of relatively high NO.sub.x concentration so that the fluid fuel mixes therein with the flue gas. The fluid fuel is natural gas, hydrogen, C.sub.x H.sub.y compounds, C.sub.x H.sub.y O.sub.z compounds or mixtures primarily of those compounds, in sufficient quantity to promote a reaction between nitrogen oxide in the flue gas and the fluid fuel, so as to substantially reduce nitrogen oxide content of the flue gas. The injector through which the fluid fuel is injected can be moveable and may have valves or deflectors to aid in directing the fluid fuel to regions of relatively high NO.sub.x concentration.
摘要翻译： 一种还原NOx的方法决定了炉内温度低于2600°F的区域内的NOx浓度分布。流体燃料流注入至少一个具有较高NOx浓度的区域，以使流体燃料在其中混合 与烟气。 流体燃料是天然气，氢，C x H y化合物，C x H y O z化合物或主要由那些化合物混合的物质，其量足以促进烟气中的氮氧化物与流体燃料之间的反应，以便基本上减少 烟气 注入流体燃料的喷射器可以是可移动的并且可以具有阀或偏转器，以帮助将流体燃料引导到具有较高NOx浓度的区域。
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