Abstract:
An exemplary PLL circuit includes a VCO responsive to a plurality of sub-varactor control signals. A digital loop filter for the PLL digitally generates a varactor control word, which is digitally expanded into a plurality of digital values, each of which is conveyed to a corresponding one of a plurality of DACs. A multiplexer is configured to respectively convey the DAC output signals to a group of sub-varactor control signals according to the varactor control word, and to drive remaining sub-varactor control signals to either the full-scale high value or the full-scale low value of the DAC outputs. Each of the DACs preferably includes a hybrid first order/second order sigma-delta modulator, and in certain embodiments, a NRZ-to-RZ coder circuit, and a linear filter circuit.
Abstract:
A digital direct access arrangement (DAA) circuitry may be used to terminate the telephone connections at the user's end that provides a communication path for signals to and from the phone lines. Briefly described, the DAA provides a programmable means for the DC termination for a variety of international phone standards. The invention may also be utilized with means for transmitting and receiving a signal across a capacitive isolation barrier. More particularly, a DC holding circuit is provided in which a programmable DC current limiting mode is available. In the current limiting mode, power may be dissipated in devices external to a DAA integrated circuit. Moreover, much of the power may be dissipated in external passive devices, such as resistors.