公开(公告)号：US5060166A

公开(公告)日：1991-10-22

申请号：US446739

申请日：1989-12-06

Applicant: Joseph C. Engel ,  Deborah K. Mort

Inventor： Joseph C. Engel ,  Deborah K. Mort

IPC: H02H1/00 ,  H02H3/50

CPC classification number: H02H3/50 ,  H02H1/0007

Abstract: A method and apparatus for rapidly analyzing ac waveforms containing dc offset by generating digitized samples of the waveform to be analyzed with alternate samples separated by ninety electrical degrees. Alternate samples are paired for calculation of the magnitude and phase of the waveform. A suitable microcomputer performs a calculation using pairs of the most recently generated samples. Using the pairs of samples, the microcomputer calculates the dc offset, and the peak magnitude of the waveform which may be voltage or current. The phase angle of the waveform can also be calculated if required. The method and apparatus are particularly useful with protective systems where the calculation is necessary to determine whether there is a fault on an electric power transmission line. In addition, the effects of dc offset are eliminated and thereby false trips are avoided. A reliable system having a fast response time at relatively modest cost is provided.

Abstract translation: 一种方法和装置，用于通过用待分析的替代样品的数字化采样生成包含直流偏移的九十度电压，来快速分析待分析的波形。 备用样品配对用于计算波形的幅度和相位。 合适的微计算机使用最近生成的样本的对来执行计算。 使用这些采样对，微计算机计算直流偏移，波形的峰值幅度可以是电压或电流。 如果需要，也可以计算波形的相位角。 该方法和装置对于需要计算以确定电力输送线路是否存在故障的保护系统是特别有用的。 此外，消除了直流偏移的影响，从而避免了假跳闸。 提供了以相对适中的成本具有快速响应时间的可靠系统。

公开(公告)号：US4734639A

公开(公告)日：1988-03-29

申请号：US868834

申请日：1986-05-29

Applicant: Gary F. Saletta ,  Daniel P. Orange ,  Joseph C. Engel ,  Denis A. Mueller ,  Robert T. Elms

Inventor： Gary F. Saletta ,  Daniel P. Orange ,  Joseph C. Engel ,  Denis A. Mueller ,  Robert T. Elms

IPC: G01R19/25 ,  G01R19/00

CPC classification number: G01R19/25

Abstract: A master metering module is taught which utilizes a programmed microprocessor and externally operated switches to alert the module as to what kind of system is being monitored thereby. For example, is the system being monitored a .DELTA.-connected electrical system or a Y-connected electrical system. This is useful in providing output indications of line-to-line voltage or line-to-neutral voltage, for example. When measuring voltages whether line-to-line or line-to-neutral one voltage value is substituted from another. A differential amplifier is utilized to do this. In one case the differential amplifier subtracts one line voltage from another line voltage, but in another case it subtracts neutral or zero ground potential from a line voltage. A switching arrangement is provided which interconnects one terminal of the differential amplifier with the neutral input terminal and with a line input terminal through appropriate conditioning of the microprocessor.

Abstract translation: 教授了一种主计量模块，其使用编程的微处理器和外部操作的开关来向模块警告由此监控什么样的系统。 例如，正在监视的系统是DELTA连接的电气系统或Y连接的电气系统。 这在例如提供线对线电压或线对中性电压的输出指示中是有用的。 当测量电压是否从另一个代替线对线或中线一个电压值时。 使用差分放大器来做到这一点。 在一种情况下，差分放大器从另一条线路电压中减去一条线路电压，但在另一种情况下，它会从一条线路电压中减去中性点或零点地电位。 提供了一种开关装置，其通过微处理器的适当调节将差分放大器的一个端子与空载输入端子和线路输入端子相互连接。

公开(公告)号：US4428022A

公开(公告)日：1984-01-24

申请号：US383926

申请日：1982-06-02

Applicant: Joseph C. Engel ,  Bernard J. Mercier

Inventor： Joseph C. Engel ,  Bernard J. Mercier

IPC: H02H1/06 ,  H02H3/093

CPC classification number: H02H1/063 ,  H02H3/105

Abstract: A circuit interrupter includes a microprocessor based trip unit having a plurality of output control lines and a power supply for providing operating power to said trip unit. Interlock means are provided to maintain the output control lines in a predetermined inactive status for a predetermined time period following energization of the power supply to allow time for operating power to rise to a level sufficient to enable the microcomputer to assert positive control over the status of the control lines. An automatic reset circuit is provided to reset the microcomputer program counter to an initialization routine unless a pulse pattern produced by proper execution of the microcomputer instructions is received by the automatic reset circuitry.

Abstract translation: 断路器包括具有多个输出控制线的基于微处理器的跳闸单元和用于向所述跳闸单元提供工作电力的电源。 提供互锁装置以在电源通电之后将输出控制线保持在预定的非活动状态，以允许操作电力的时间上升到足以使微型计算机能够对 控制线。 提供自动复位电路以将微计算机程序计数器复位到初始化程序，除非由微计算机指令的适当执行产生的脉冲模式被自动复位电路接收。

公开(公告)号：US4351013A

公开(公告)日：1982-09-21

申请号：US140557

申请日：1980-04-15

Applicant: Joseph J. Matsko ,  John A. Wafer ,  Joseph C. Engel ,  Bernard J. Mercier

Inventor： Joseph J. Matsko ,  John A. Wafer ,  Joseph C. Engel ,  Bernard J. Mercier

IPC: H02H3/093 ,  H01H73/14 ,  H02H3/04

CPC classification number: H01H73/14 ,  H02H3/044 ,  H01H2009/0292 ,  H01H2071/006

Abstract: A circuit interrupter includes a microcomputer-based trip unit, and a display and control panel comprising a numeric display device and a plurality of legends associated with light-emitting diodes. The trip unit presents a sequential display of numeric values of associated circuit electrical parameters and time-current trip characteristic setting values, with the currently visible numeric quantity being identified by an energized light emitting diode and associated legend. The control panel also includes a test switch for initiating a test operation and a potentiometer for selecting a desired simulated fault current value for the test operation. The test capability is provided simultaneously with normal circuit breaker operation which maintains full protection of the associated circuit. A short-delay feature is provided having a selectable i.sup.2 t characteristic with adjustment of both pick-up and time parameters.

Abstract translation: 断路器包括基于微型计算机的跳闸单元，以及包括数字显示装置和与发光二极管相关联的多个图例的显示和控制面板。 跳闸单元呈现相关联的电路电气参数和时间 - 电流跳闸特性设置值的数值的顺序显示，其中当前可见的数字量由通电的发光二极管和相关联的图例识别。 控制面板还包括用于启动测试操作的测试开关和用于为测试操作选择所需的模拟故障电流值的电位计。 测试能力与正常的断路器操作同时提供，保持相关电路的完全保护。 提供了具有可选择的i2t特性的短延迟特征，其具有拾取和时间参数的调节。

公开(公告)号：US4180841A

公开(公告)日：1979-12-25

申请号：US853370

申请日：1977-11-21

Applicant: Joseph C. Engel

Inventor： Joseph C. Engel

IPC: H02H3/33 ,  H02H3/28

CPC classification number: H02H3/331

Abstract: A ground fault circuit interrupter includes a differential current transformer sensing winding supplying input to an integrator which is reset to zero at the end of each half-cycle of AC line current. A line-to-ground fault current will cause the integrator output to exceed a predetermined limit value and produce a trip indication. A saturable neutral transformer supplies a voltage to the neutral line and a reference current proportional to the neutral voltage to a comparator. The peak value of the reference current is compared to the peak value of the sensing winding output. A low-resistance neutral-to-ground path causes the sensing winding output to exceed the reference current and a signal to be added to the integrator input, thereby producing a trip indication which energizes an SCR to activate a solenoid. Means are provided to produce a positive feedback signal to insure a "hard" turn-on of the SCR upon receipt of a trip indication, the feedback means also including capability to "remember" a trip indication at the end of a half-cycle near current zero, and to produce the positive feedback signal at the beginning of the next succeeding half cycle.

Abstract translation: 接地故障电路中断器包括一个差分电流互感器，感测绕组提供输入到积分器，在AC线电流的每个半周期结束时复位为零。 线对地故障电流将导致积分器输出超过预定极限值并产生跳闸指示。 饱和中性变压器向中性线提供电压，并将与中性点电压成比例的参考电流提供给比较器。 将参考电流的峰值与感测绕组输出的峰值进行比较。 低电阻中性线到地线路使得感测绕组输出超过参考电流，并将信号加到积分器输入端，从而产生跳闸指示，激励SCR激活螺线管。 提供装置以产生正反馈信号，以在接收到跳闸指示时确保SCR的“硬”接通，反馈装置还包括在半周期结束时“记住”跳闸指示的能力 电流为零，并在下一个后续半周期开始时产生正反馈信号。

公开(公告)号：US4143304A

公开(公告)日：1979-03-06

申请号：US730096

申请日：1976-10-06

Applicant: William H. Hitchcock ,  Archie R. Cornell ,  Joseph C. Engel

Inventor： William H. Hitchcock ,  Archie R. Cornell ,  Joseph C. Engel

IPC: H05B41/04 ,  H05B41/16

CPC classification number: H05B41/042

Abstract: Lighting apparatus provides high-voltage pulses for starting high-pressure sodium discharge lamps and thereafter provides operating ballasting. The apparatus uses a voltage amplification circuit the output of which is applied across a ballast reactor which is connected thereto in autotransformer relationship. This provides a sufficiently high-voltage starting pulse, even when ballast reactors of low open circuit voltage are used, to initiate the operation of high-pressure sodium discharge lamps.

公开(公告)号：US07145322B2

公开(公告)日：2006-12-05

申请号：US10962682

申请日：2004-10-12

Applicant: Mark G. Solveson ,  Charles J. Luebke ,  Joseph C. Engel

Inventor： Mark G. Solveson ,  Charles J. Luebke ,  Joseph C. Engel

IPC: G01R15/18 ,  G01R15/20

CPC classification number: G01R15/183 ,  G01R1/18 ,  G01R15/205

Abstract: A sensor apparatus for a power bus including a current and a temperature includes a housing and one or more sensors. Each of the sensors is adapted to sense one of the current or the temperature of the power bus. A radio transceiver circuit is adapted to transmit a first wireless signal and to receive a second wireless signal. A processor is adapted to input the sensed current and the sensed temperature from the sensors and to output corresponding signals to the radio transceiver circuit in order to transmit the first wireless signal. A power supply is adapted to employ voltage produced by magnetically coupling the power bus to one or more coils, in order to power the sensors, the radio transceiver circuit and the processor from flux arising from current flowing in the power bus.

公开(公告)号：US06901432B2

公开(公告)日：2005-05-31

申请号：US09994901

申请日：2001-11-27

Applicant: Clyde O. Peterson ,  John C. Schlotterer ,  Joseph C. Engel

Inventor： Clyde O. Peterson ,  John C. Schlotterer ,  Joseph C. Engel

IPC: H04L12/40 ,  H04L12/403 ,  H04L12/46 ,  H04L29/06 ,  G06F15/16

CPC classification number: H04L12/4625 ,  H04L12/403 ,  H04L29/06 ,  H04L69/08 ,  H04L2012/40228 ,  H04L2012/4026

Abstract: A translator apparatus includes a first transceiver for a Modbus RTU network having a register map of values, and a second transceiver for an INCOM network of INCOM devices having a plurality of different maps of objects and INCOM commands. A processor includes first and second interfaces to the respective first and second transceivers, and a communication routine adapted to: receive a request based upon the register map through the first transceiver related to the INCOM device objects which are responsive to different INCOM commands, send an INCOM command related to one or more of the INCOM device objects through the second transceiver, receive a response based upon the command through the second transceiver related to the INCOM device objects, and send a response based upon the register map through the first transceiver related to the INCOM device objects.

Abstract translation: 翻译装置包括具有值的寄存器映射的用于Modbus RTU网络的第一收发器，以及具有多个对象和INCOM命令的不同映射的INCOM设备的INCOM网络的第二收发器。 处理器包括到相应的第一和第二收发器的第一和第二接口，以及通信程序，其适于：通过与INCOM设备对象相关的第一收发机，基于与寄存器映射相关的响应于不同INCOM命令的请求，发送 与通过第二收发器的一个或多个INCOM设备对象相关的INCOM命令通过与INCOM设备对象相关的第二收发器接收基于该命令的响应，并且通过与第一收发器相关的第一收发器发送基于寄存器映射的响应 INCOM设备对象。

公开(公告)号：US06707652B2

公开(公告)日：2004-03-16

申请号：US10192580

申请日：2002-07-10

Applicant: Joseph C. Engel

Inventor： Joseph C. Engel

IPC: H02H908

CPC classification number: H02H1/0015 ,  H02H5/044

Abstract: An electrical switching device, such as a receptacle, includes a line circuit having a first temperature, a neutral circuit having a second temperature, and a load terminal. Separable contacts are adapted to electrically connect the line circuit and the load terminal. An operating mechanism opens the separable contacts in response to a trip signal. A first diode temperature sensor outputs a first signal representative of the first temperature of the line circuit. A second diode temperature sensor outputs a second signal representative of the second temperature of the neutral circuit. A difference circuit determines a difference between the first and second signals. A trip circuit provides the trip signal as a function of the difference.

Abstract translation: 诸如插座的电气开关装置包括具有第一温度的线路电路，具有第二温度的中性线路和负载端子。 可分离的触点适于电连接线路电路和负载端子。 操作机构响应于跳闸信号而打开可分离触点。 第一二极管温度传感器输出表示线路电路的第一温度的第一信号。 第二二极管温度传感器输出表示中性线路的第二温度的第二信号。 差分电路确定第一和第二信号之间的差异。 跳闸电路作为差值的函数提供跳闸信号。

公开(公告)号：US5963405A

公开(公告)日：1999-10-05

申请号：US887005

申请日：1997-07-02

Applicant: Joseph C. Engel ,  Raymond W. Mackenzie

Inventor： Joseph C. Engel ,  Raymond W. Mackenzie

IPC: G01R19/165 ,  H02H1/00 ,  H02H1/04 ,  H02H3/16 ,  H02H3/33 ,  H02H3/52 ,  H02H3/00

CPC classification number: H02H1/0015 ,  H02H1/043 ,  H02H3/33

Abstract: A low cost analog arcing detector and a circuit breaker incorporating such a detector provide a variable response time to arcing faults based upon the amplitude of the arcing current. A filter generates pulses having an amplitude proportional to the amplitude of the step increase in current generated by the striking of the arc. The pulses are rectified and the amount by which the single polarity pulses exceed a threshold value, selected to eliminate nuisance trips on current step increases characteristic of some common loads, is integrated by a capacitor connected to a resistor which continually adjusts the capacitor voltage in a sense opposite to that of the pulses. The capacitor and resistor are selected to generate a trip signal as a function of the accumulated, time attenuated magnitude of the step increases in current associated with each striking of the arc current. Preferably, the pulses are squared before the reference current is subtracted to provide faster response for large amplitude arc currents, while avoiding false trips caused by known loads. Preferably, the arcing detector is used with a ground current detector which provides further protection by tripping on ground currents flowing through carbon tracks deposited by arcing currents below the threshold of the arcing fault detector.

Abstract translation: 低成本的模拟电弧检测器和结合这种检测器的断路器基于电弧电流的幅度提供对电弧故障的可变响应时间。 滤波器产生具有与通过触发电弧产生的电流的阶梯增加幅度成比例的幅度的脉冲。 脉冲被整流，并且单极性脉冲超过阈值的量被选择以消除电流阶跃上的麻烦跳闸增加一些常见负载的特性，通过连接到电阻器的电容器来集成，电阻器连续地调节电容器电压 感觉与脉冲相反。 选择电容器和电阻器来产生跳闸信号，作为与每次触发电弧电流相关联的电流的步长增加的累积时间衰减幅度的函数。 优选地，在减去参考电流之前对脉冲进行平方，以便对大幅度电弧电流提供更快的响应，同时避免由已知负载引起的错误跳闸。 优选地，电弧检测器与接地电流检测器一起使用，该接地电流检测器通过跳过在流过电弧电流故障检测器的阈值的电弧电流沉积的碳轨迹的接地电流来提供进一步的保护。