公开(公告)号：US4914507A

公开(公告)日：1990-04-03

申请号：US228193

申请日：1988-08-04

申请人： Terrence R. Smith ,  Michael A. Isnardi ,  Jack S. Fuhrer ,  Christopher H. Strolle

发明人： Terrence R. Smith ,  Michael A. Isnardi ,  Jack S. Fuhrer ,  Christopher H. Strolle

IPC分类号： H04N11/24

CPC分类号： H04N11/008

摘要： A system for expanding/compressing a video signal includes a dual-port memory having read and write address inputs and a video signal input. A pixel counter provides a pixel location signal to the write address input of the dual-port memory, and to a programmed memory device (e.g., a PROM) including a look-up table. The memory device is programmed to provide a time expanded/compressed version of the pixel location signal in accordance with a programmed time expansion/compression factor, which is applied to the read address input of the dual-port memory. A time expanded/compressed video signal is developed at the output of the dual-port memory.

摘要翻译： 用于扩展/压缩视频信号的系统包括具有读和写地址输入和视频信号输入的双端口存储器。 像素计数器向双端口存储器的写入地址输入和包括查找表的编程存储器件（例如，PROM）提供像素位置信号。 存储器件被编程为根据编程的时间扩展/压缩因子来提供像素位置信号的时间扩展/压缩版本，其被应用于双端口存储器的读取地址输入。 在双端口存储器的输出端开发时间扩展/压缩视频信号。

公开(公告)号：US4845562A

公开(公告)日：1989-07-04

申请号：US205403

申请日：1988-06-10

申请人： Joshua L. Koslov ,  Michael A. Isnardi ,  Robert E. Flory ,  Edward R. Campbell, III

发明人： Joshua L. Koslov ,  Michael A. Isnardi ,  Robert E. Flory ,  Edward R. Campbell, III

IPC分类号： H04N7/015 ,  H04N5/44 ,  H04N5/775 ,  H04N11/24

CPC分类号： H04N5/7755 ,  H04N11/002 ,  H04N5/44

摘要： A system is disclosed for partially decoding an encoded widescreen, extended definition television signal into a signal that is compatible with existing consumer video cassette recorders (VCRs) and video monitors. The encoded signal is compatible with existing television standards to produce a video image having a conventional 4:3 aspect ratio. Signals representing side panel information, to be appended onto either side of the 4:3 center panel, are encoded in the signal and are not visible in the image produced by a conventional receiver. The disclosed system includes decoding circuitry which recovers the side panel signals, appends them to the center panel signal and changes the time correspondence of the total signal so that it represents an image having a 5:3 aspect ratio. Luminance and chrominance components of the decoded video signal are provided as output signals of the decoder and to input ports of a conventional video cassette recorder (VCR) such as an S-VHS or ED-Beta machine. The signal recorded on the VCR may be replayed on a widescreen monitor. The decoder includes an optional vertical interpolator to compress the widescreen picture vertically to generate a signal which produces a properly proportioned widescreen image when displayed on a conventional display device.

摘要翻译： 公开了一种用于将编码宽屏，扩展定义电视信号部分地解码成与现有消费者录像机（VCR）和视频监视器兼容的信号的系统。 编码信号与现有的电视标准相兼容以产生具有常规4：3宽高比的视频图像。 代表侧面板信息的信号被附加到4：3中央面板的任一侧，被编码在信号中，并且在传统接收机产生的图像中不可见。 所公开的系统包括恢复侧面板信号的解码电路，将它们附加到中心面板信号并改变总信号的时间对应，使得其表示具有5：3宽高比的图像。 提供解码视频信号的亮度和色度分量作为解码器的输出信号和诸如S-VHS或ED-Beta机的常规录像机（VCR）的输入端口。 记录在录像机上的信号可以在宽屏显示器上重放。 解码器包括可选的垂直内插器，用于垂直压缩宽屏幕图像以产生当在传统显示设备上显示时产生适当比例的宽屏幕图像的信号。

公开(公告)号：US4839720A

公开(公告)日：1989-06-13

申请号：US78341

申请日：1987-07-27

申请人： Michael A. Isnardi

发明人： Michael A. Isnardi

IPC分类号： H04N11/20 ,  H04N7/015 ,  H04N11/14 ,  H04N11/24

CPC分类号： H04N11/008

摘要： A widescreen television signal having left side, right side and center panel information is converted into a signal compatible with a standard television system, such as NTSC. In the compatible signal, center panel information is expanded to occupy the standard display region seen by a viewer, side panel low frequency information is compressed into the horizontal overscan region, and right and left side panel high frequency information quadrature modulates an alternative subcarrier other than the chrominance subcarrier.

摘要翻译： 具有左侧，右侧和中央面板信息的宽屏幕电视信号被转换成与诸如NTSC的标准电视系统兼容的信号。 在兼容信号中，扩展了中心面板信息，占据观众所看到的标准显示区域，侧面板的低频信息被压缩成水平过扫描区域，右侧面板高频信息正交调制除了 色度副载波。

公开(公告)号：US06771795B1

公开(公告)日：2004-08-03

申请号：US09656892

申请日：2000-09-07

申请人： Michael A. Isnardi

发明人： Michael A. Isnardi

IPC分类号： H04K100

CPC分类号： G06T1/0085 ,  G06T1/0071 ,  G06T2201/0081 ,  G06T2201/0083 ,  H04N19/186 ,  H04N19/467 ,  H04N19/577 ,  H04N21/23892 ,  H04N21/8358

摘要： A channel is inserted into a sequence of frames for an image, by varying one or more display characteristics of the resulting image across the display. The watermark and other data channel may be employed to watermark the video signal, and the watermark may correspond to the presence of the channel or may be data in accordance with watermark information carried within the channel. For most display devices, display variations are minimized during the design process, but human viewers may still tolerate and accept subtle variations in a displayed image. For exemplary embodiments in accordance with the present invention, slightly changing one or more display characteristics from center-to-side in accordance with watermark information allows for watermarking of the image since viewers may not be aware that display characteristics are changing. For example, a tapering function may be used in a transmitter to vary one or more color components of the video signal representing the image. A receiver includes a watermark detector that has a priori information about the watermark. The watermark detector examines specific regions of the displayed image over time, and tests the regions for the watermark during time intervals when the image remains relatively still. A histogram of each color component of the region may be generated, and the watermark detected by comparing the histograms for the watermarked and non-watermarked color components. The watermark is detected if the histogram of the watermarked color component varies in manner related to the tapering function. Watermarking of the image in this manner is robust to subsequent signal processing methods, such as scaling, cropping, rotation, and compression.

摘要翻译： 通过在显示器上改变所得到的图像的一个或多个显示特征，将通道插入到用于图像的帧序列中。 可以使用水印和其他数据信道对视频信号进行水印，并且水印可以对应于信道的存在，或者可以是根据信道内承载的水印信息的数据。 对于大多数显示设备，在设计过程中显示变化最小化，但人类观众仍然可以容忍并接受显示图像中的微妙变化。 对于根据本发明的示例性实施例，根据水印信息从中心到侧稍微改变一个或多个显示特征允许图像的水印，因为观看者可能不知道显示特性正在改变。 例如，可以在发射机中使用渐变功能来改变表示图像的视频信号的一个或多个颜色分量。 接收机包括具有关于水印的先验信息的水印检测器。 水印检测器随时间检查显示图像的特定区域，并且在图像保持相对静止的时间间隔期间测试水印的区域。 可以产生该区域的每个颜色分量的直方图，并且通过比较水印和非水印的颜色分量的直方图来检测水印。 如果水印颜色分量的直方图以与渐变功能相关的方式变化，则检测水印。 以这种方式对图像进行水印以后续的信号处理方法（例如缩放，裁剪，旋转和压缩）是稳健的。

公开(公告)号：US06687384B1

公开(公告)日：2004-02-03

申请号：US09535213

申请日：2000-03-27

申请人： Michael A. Isnardi

发明人： Michael A. Isnardi

IPC分类号： G06K9100

CPC分类号： H04N21/23892 ,  H04N19/174 ,  H04N19/176 ,  H04N19/46 ,  H04N19/467 ,  H04N19/61 ,  H04N19/70

摘要： A method and apparatus for embedding data in an encoded video bitstream, for example, an MPEG or MPEG-like bitstream, wherein the bitstream includes redundantly coded syntax element values of which one is an overriding value, includes mandatorily coding the syntax element overriding value and replacing the non-overriding syntax element value with the data to be embedded. Apparatus for embedding data in such bitstream includes a coder creating the coded video bitstream with such value mandatorily coded in the overriding syntax element position therein, and a data inserter for inserting the data to be embedded into the non-overriding syntax element position. In an MPEG compressed bitstream, the quantization scale code (QSC) value is mandatorily explicitly coded in the first coded macroblock following a slice header and the embedded data is inserted into the QSC position in the slice header. The invention may be embodied in a computer implemented process and/or in apparatus performing such computer implemented process.

摘要翻译： 一种在编码视频比特流中嵌入数据的方法和装置，例如MPEG或MPEG类比特流，其中比特流包括冗余编码的语法元素值，其中一个是重要值，包括强制编码语法元素覆盖值， 将非覆盖语法元素值替换为要嵌入的数据。 用于在这种比特流中嵌入数据的装置包括编码器，其创建具有在其中的重写语法元素位置强制编码的值的编码视频比特流;以及数据插入器，用于将要嵌入的数据插入非重写语法元素位置。 在MPEG压缩比特流中，量化比例代码（QSC）值被强制地明确地编码在片头之后的第一编码宏块中，并且将嵌入的数据插入切片头中的QSC位置。 本发明可以体现在计算机实现的过程中和/或在执行这样的计算机实现的过程的装置中。

公开(公告)号：US06208745B1

公开(公告)日：2001-03-27

申请号：US09001205

申请日：1997-12-30

申请人： Dinei A. Florencio ,  Michael A. Isnardi

发明人： Dinei A. Florencio ,  Michael A. Isnardi

IPC分类号： G06K900

CPC分类号： G06T1/0057 ,  G06T2201/0052 ,  G06T2201/0053 ,  G06T2201/0061 ,  H04N19/00 ,  H04N19/124 ,  H04N19/126 ,  H04N19/467 ,  H04N19/60 ,  H04N21/23892 ,  H04N21/8358

摘要： A method and apparatus that inserts watermark information directly into an encoded video bitstream. The method identifies specific blocks or macroblocks in an encoded video bitstieam and inserts the watermark information directly into the bitstream such that these selected blocks are replaced with a block containing watermark information or augmented with watermark information.

摘要翻译： 将水印信息直接插入到编码视频比特流中的方法和装置。 该方法识别编码视频比特位中的特定块或宏块，并将水印信息直接插入到比特流中，使得这些选择的块被包含水印信息的块替换或用水印信息增强。

公开(公告)号：US5053858A

公开(公告)日：1991-10-01

申请号：US509384

申请日：1990-04-16

申请人： Joshua L. Koslov ,  Michael A. Isnardi ,  James J. Gibson

发明人： Joshua L. Koslov ,  Michael A. Isnardi ,  James J. Gibson

IPC分类号： H04N7/00 ,  H04N7/015 ,  H04N11/24

CPC分类号： H04N7/015 ,  H04N11/008 ,  H04N7/007

摘要： In a transmitter/encoder system for processing a widescreen television signal having main panel and side panel information, side panel luminance information and side panel "Q" color difference information modulate one phase of a quadrature modulated 3.58 MHz auxiliary subcarrier, other than the standard NTSC chrominanced subcarrier, having a field reversing phase characteristics. the other (quadrature) phase of the auxiliary subcarrier is modulated with side panel wideband "I" color difference information. The "I" modulated component is filtered by an inverse Nyquist slope filter which mirrors the filter characteristics of Nyquist slop filter used at a receiver/decoder to achieve a desired flat amplitude response when the signal component containing the side panel luminannce and "Q" color difference information is demodulated.

摘要翻译： 在用于处理具有主面板和侧面板信息的宽屏电视信号的发射机/编码器系统中，侧面亮度信息和侧面“Q”色差信息调制正交调制的3.58MHz辅助副载波的一相，而不是标准NTSC 具有场反转相位特性。 辅助副载波的另一（正交）相位用侧面板宽带“I”色差信息进行调制。 “I”调制分量由逆奈奎斯特斜率滤波器滤波，该滤波器反映了在接收器/解码器处使用的奈奎斯特滤波器的滤波器特性，以便当包含侧面板亮度和“Q”颜色的信号分量时获得期望的平坦幅度响应 差分信息被解调。

公开(公告)号：US4862271A

公开(公告)日：1989-08-29

申请号：US228192

申请日：1988-08-04

申请人： Terrence R. Smith ,  Michael A. Isnardi ,  Jack S. Fuhrer ,  Chandrakant B. Patel

发明人： Terrence R. Smith ,  Michael A. Isnardi ,  Jack S. Fuhrer ,  Chandrakant B. Patel

IPC分类号： H04N11/24

CPC分类号： H04N11/008

摘要： In a video signal expanding/compressing system including a video signal interpolator, video signals are peaked prior to interpolation. The amount of peaking is controlled in response to a signal representative of the distance between a pixel of an expanded/compressed video signal and a corresponding pixel of an original video signal.

摘要翻译： 在包括视频信号内插器的视频信号扩展/压缩系统中，视频信号在插值之前达到峰值。 响应于表示扩展/压缩视频信号的像素与原始视频信号的相应像素之间的距离的信号来控制峰化量。

公开(公告)号：US4855811A

公开(公告)日：1989-08-08

申请号：US154570

申请日：1988-02-10

申请人： Michael A. Isnardi

发明人： Michael A. Isnardi

IPC分类号： G06T9/00 ,  H04N11/24

CPC分类号： G06T9/004 ,  H04N11/008

摘要： An NTSC compatible, single broadcast channel, widescreen EDTV system encodes and decodes a television signal comprising: (1) a main, standard formal NTSC signal component with low frequency side panel image information compressed into the overscan regions thereof; (2) a time expanded high frequency side panel image information component; and (3) an extended high frequency horizontal luminance image information component. Components (2) and (3) quadrature modulate an alternate subcarrier, other than a chrominance subcarrier, having an alternating phase unlike that of the chrominance subcarrier.

摘要翻译： NTSC兼容单广播频道宽屏EDTV系统对电视信号进行编码和解码，包括：（1）压缩到其过扫描区域中的具有低频侧面板图像信息的主要标准形式NTSC信号分量; （2）时间扩展高频侧面图像信息分量; 和（3）扩展的高频水平亮度图像信息分量。 组件（2）和（3）正交调制与色度副载波不同的具有交替相位的色度副载波以外的交替副载波。