公开(公告)号：US20110241046A1

公开(公告)日：2011-10-06

申请号：US13019753

申请日：2011-02-02

Applicant: Stephen R. Forrest

Inventor： Stephen R. Forrest

IPC: H01L51/52

CPC classification number: H01L25/048 ,  H01L2251/5307 ,  H01L2251/5361 ,  H01L2924/0002 ,  H01L2924/00

Abstract: Light emitting devices are provided that include one or more OLEDs disposed only on a peripheral region of the substrate. An OLED may be disposed only on a peripheral region of a substantially transparent substrate and configured to emit light into the substrate. Another surface of the substrate may be roughened or include other features to outcouple light from the substrate. The edges of the substrate may be beveled and/or reflective. The area of the OLED(s) may be relatively small compared to the substrate surface area through which light is emitted from the device. One or more OLEDs also or alternatively may be disposed on an edge of the substrate about perpendicular to the surface of the substrate through which light is emitted, such that they emit light into the substrate. A mode expanding region may be included between each such OLED and the substrate.

Abstract translation: 提供了发光器件，其包括仅在衬底的周边区域上设置的一个或多个OLED。 OLED可以仅设置在基本上透明的衬底的周边区域上并且被配置为将光发射到衬底中。 衬底的另一表面可以被粗糙化或者包括其它特征以便从衬底外耦合光。 基板的边缘可以是倾斜的和/或反射的。 与从器件发出光的衬底表面区域相比，OLED的面积可能相对较小。 一个或多个OLED还可以或者可选地可以设置在基板的边缘上，垂直于基板的表面，光通过该表面发射，使得它们将光发射到基板中。 可以在每个这样的OLED和基板之间包括模式扩展区域。

公开(公告)号：US20110186910A1

公开(公告)日：2011-08-04

申请号：US12878261

申请日：2010-09-09

Applicant: Stephen R. Forrest ,  Jeramy Zimmerman ,  Kyusang Lee ,  Kuen-Ting Shiu

Inventor： Stephen R. Forrest ,  Jeramy Zimmerman ,  Kyusang Lee ,  Kuen-Ting Shiu

IPC: H01L29/06 ,  H01L21/302 ,  H01L31/0352

CPC classification number: H01L31/1892 ,  H01L21/7813 ,  H01L31/0735 ,  H01L31/1852 ,  H01L31/1896 ,  Y02E10/544

Abstract: There is disclosed methods of making photosensitive devices, such as flexible photovoltaic (PV) devices, through the use of epitaxial liftoff. Also described herein are methods of preparing flexible PV devices comprising a structure having a growth substrate, wherein the selective etching of protective layers yields a smooth growth substrate that us suitable for reuse.

Abstract translation: 公开了通过使用外延剥离来制造诸如柔性光伏（PV）器件的光敏器件的方法。 本文还描述了制备包含具有生长衬底的结构的柔性PV器件的方法，其中保护层的选择性蚀刻产生了适合于再利用的平滑生长衬底。

公开(公告)号：USRE42561E1

公开(公告)日：2011-07-19

申请号：US11787753

申请日：2007-04-16

Applicant: Chihaya Adachi ,  Marc A. Baldo ,  Stephen R. Forrest

Inventor： Chihaya Adachi ,  Marc A. Baldo ,  Stephen R. Forrest

IPC: H05B33/14 ,  H01L51/54

CPC classification number: H01L51/5016 ,  H01L51/005 ,  H01L51/0069 ,  H01L51/0072 ,  H01L51/0084 ,  H01L51/5004 ,  H01L51/5048 ,  Y10S428/917

Abstract: An organic light emitting device structure having an organic light emitting device (OLED) over a substrate, where the OLED has, for example, an anode, a hole transporting layer (HTL), a first electron transporting layer (ETL) that is doped with a phosphorescent material, a second electron transporting layer (ETL), and a cathode. The OLEDs of the present invention are directed, in particular, to devices that include an emissive layer comprised of an electron transporting host material having a triplet excited state energy level that is higher than the emissive triplet excited state energy level of the phosphorescent dopant material.

Abstract translation: 一种在衬底上具有有机发光器件（OLED）的有机发光器件结构，其中OLED具有例如阳极，空穴传输层（HTL），第一电子传输层（ETL），其掺杂有 磷光材料，第二电子传输层（ETL）和阴极。 本发明的OLED特别涉及包括由具有高于磷光掺杂剂材料的发光三重激发态能级的三线态激发态能级的电子传输性主体材料构成的发射层的器件。

公开(公告)号：US20110045196A1

公开(公告)日：2011-02-24

申请号：US12823323

申请日：2010-06-25

Applicant: Stephen R. Forrest ,  Max Shtein

Inventor： Stephen R. Forrest ,  Max Shtein

IPC: B05D1/02

CPC classification number: B05D1/60 ,  C23C14/12 ,  C23C14/228 ,  H01L51/0003 ,  H01L51/0081

Abstract: A method of depositing organic material is provided. A carrier gas carrying organic material is ejected from a nozzle at a flow velocity that is at least 10% of the thermal velocity of the carrier gas, such that the organic material is deposited onto a substrate. In some embodiments, the dynamic pressure in a region between the nozzle and the substrate surrounding the carrier gas is at least 1 Torr, and more preferably 10 Torr, during the ejection. In some embodiments, a guard flow is provided around the carrier gas.

Abstract translation: 提供了沉积有机材料的方法。 携带有机材料的载气以比载气的热速度的至少10％的流速从喷嘴喷出，使得有机材料沉积到基底上。 在一些实施例中，在喷射期间喷嘴和围绕载体气体的基底之间的区域中的动态压力为至少1托，更优选为10托。 在一些实施例中，围绕载气提供防护流。

公开(公告)号：US20100247766A1

公开(公告)日：2010-09-30

申请号：US12729448

申请日：2010-03-23

Applicant: Stephen R. Forrest ,  Gregory McGraw

Inventor： Stephen R. Forrest ,  Gregory McGraw

IPC: C23C16/44 ,  C23C16/00

CPC classification number: C23C14/12 ,  B41J2/005 ,  C23C14/04 ,  C23C14/228

Abstract: A first device is provided. The device includes a print head. The print head further includes a first nozzle hermetically sealed to a first source of gas. The first nozzle has an aperture having a smallest dimension of 0.5 to 500 microns in a direction perpendicular to a flow direction of the first nozzle. At a distance from the aperture into the first nozzle that is 5 times the smallest dimension of the aperture of the first nozzle, the smallest dimension perpendicular to the flow direction is at least twice the smallest dimension of the aperture of the first nozzle.

Abstract translation: 提供第一个设备。 该装置包括打印头。 打印头还包括密封到第一气体源的第一喷嘴。 第一喷嘴在垂直于第一喷嘴的流动方向的方向上具有最小尺寸为0.5至500微米的孔。 在与第一喷嘴的孔的最小尺寸的5倍的孔到第一喷嘴的距离处，垂直于流动方向的最小尺寸至少是第一喷嘴的孔的最小尺寸的两倍。

公开(公告)号：US20100194267A1

公开(公告)日：2010-08-05

申请号：US12365349

申请日：2009-02-04

Applicant: Stephen R. Forrest ,  Noel Giebink

Inventor： Stephen R. Forrest ,  Noel Giebink

IPC: H01J1/62

CPC classification number: H01L51/5262 ,  H01L51/52 ,  H01L51/5206 ,  H01L51/5212 ,  H01L51/5275

Abstract: Organic light emitting devices having a low-index electrode and a substrate with a surface treatment are provided. The combination of a relatively low-index electrode and a surface-treated substrate may eliminate guided modes and increase the light outcoupled by the device. It has been found that the combination surprisingly provides up to 1.5 times more outcoupled light than would be expected based on the performance of similar devices having higher-index electrodes.

Abstract translation: 提供了具有低折射率电极的有机发光器件和具有表面处理的衬底。 相对较低折射率的电极和经表面处理的基底的组合可以消除引导模式并增加由该装置输出的光。 已经发现，基于具有较高折射率电极的类似器件的性能，该组合令人惊奇地提供比预期的多1.5倍的外耦合光。

公开(公告)号：US07744957B2

公开(公告)日：2010-06-29

申请号：US10690704

申请日：2003-10-23

Applicant: Stephen R. Forrest ,  Max Shtein

Inventor： Stephen R. Forrest ,  Max Shtein

IPC: C23C16/00 ,  B05D5/06

CPC classification number: C23C14/12 ,  C23C14/228 ,  H01L51/0013 ,  H01L51/0081

Abstract: A method of depositing organic material is provided. A carrier gas carrying an organic material is ejected from a nozzle at a flow velocity that is at least 10% of the thermal velocity of the carrier gas, such that the organic material is deposited onto a substrate. In some embodiments, the dynamic pressure in a region between the nozzle and the substrate surrounding the carrier gas is at least 1 Torr, and more preferably 10 Torr, during the ejection. In some embodiments, a guard flow is provided around the carrier gas. In some embodiments, the background pressure is at least about 10e-3 Torr, more preferably about 0.1 Torr, more preferably about 1 Torr, more preferably about 10 Torr, more preferably about 100 Torr, and most preferably about 760 Torr. A device is also provided. The device includes a nozzle, which further includes a nozzle tube having a first exhaust aperture and a first gas inlet; and a jacket surrounding the nozzle tube, the jacket having a second exhaust aperture and a second gas inlet. The second exhaust aperture completely surrounds the first tube aperture. A carrier gas source and an organic source vessel may be connected to the first gas inlet. A guard flow gas source may be connected to the second gas inlet. The device may include an array of such nozzles.

Abstract translation: 提供了沉积有机材料的方法。 携带有机材料的载气以比载气的热速度的至少10％的流速从喷嘴喷出，使得有机材料沉积在基板上。 在一些实施例中，在喷射期间喷嘴和围绕载体气体的基底之间的区域中的动态压力为至少1托，更优选为10托。 在一些实施例中，围绕载气提供防护流。 在一些实施方案中，背景压力为至少约10e-3乇，更优选约0.1乇，更优选约1乇，更优选约10乇，更优选约100乇，最优选约760乇。 还提供了一种设备。 所述装置包括喷嘴，所述喷嘴还包括具有第一排气孔和第一气体入口的喷嘴管; 以及围绕喷嘴管的护套，护套具有第二排气孔和第二气体入口。 第二排气孔完全围绕第一管孔。 载气源和有机源容器可以连接到第一气体入口。 保护流气源可以连接到第二气体入口。 该装置可以包括这种喷嘴的阵列。

公开(公告)号：US07682660B2

公开(公告)日：2010-03-23

申请号：US12168532

申请日：2008-07-07

Applicant: Max Shtein ,  Stephen R. Forrest

Inventor： Max Shtein ,  Stephen R. Forrest

IPC: C23C16/00

CPC classification number: C23C14/12 ,  C23C14/24

Abstract: A method of fabricating an organic film is provided. A non-reactive carrier gas is used to transport an organic vapor. The organic vapor is ejected through a nozzle block onto a cooled substrate, to form a patterned organic film. A device for carrying out the method is also provided. The device includes a source of organic vapors, a source of carrier gas and a vacuum chamber. A heated nozzle block attached to the source of organic vapors and the source of carrier gas has at least one nozzle adapted to eject carrier gas and organic vapors onto a cooled substrate disposed within the vacuum chamber.

Abstract translation: 提供一种制造有机膜的方法。 非反应性载气用于运输有机蒸气。 将有机蒸气通过喷嘴块喷射到冷却的基底上，以形成图案化的有机膜。 还提供了一种用于执行该方法的装置。 该装置包括有机蒸汽源，载气源和真空室。 连接到有机蒸气源和载气源的加热喷嘴块具有至少一个适于将载气和有机蒸汽喷射到设置在真空室内的冷却基板上的喷嘴。

公开(公告)号：US20090209760A1

公开(公告)日：2009-08-20

申请号：US12434259

申请日：2009-05-01

Applicant: Mark E. Thompson ,  Peter Djurovich ,  Sergey Lamansky ,  Drew Murphy ,  Raymond Kwong ,  Feras Abdel-Razzaq ,  Stephen R. Forrest ,  Mare A. Baldo ,  Paul E. Burrows

Inventor： Mark E. Thompson ,  Peter Djurovich ,  Sergey Lamansky ,  Drew Murphy ,  Raymond Kwong ,  Feras Abdel-Razzaq ,  Stephen R. Forrest ,  Mare A. Baldo ,  Paul E. Burrows

IPC: C07F17/00

CPC classification number: H01L51/0085 ,  C07D209/86 ,  C09K11/06 ,  C09K2211/1007 ,  C09K2211/1014 ,  C09K2211/1029 ,  C09K2211/1033 ,  C09K2211/1037 ,  C09K2211/1092 ,  C09K2211/185 ,  C09K2211/186 ,  H01L51/0042 ,  H01L51/0059 ,  H01L51/006 ,  H01L51/0062 ,  H01L51/0065 ,  H01L51/0067 ,  H01L51/0068 ,  H01L51/0071 ,  H01L51/0072 ,  H01L51/0077 ,  H01L51/0081 ,  H01L51/0087 ,  H01L51/0088 ,  H01L51/5016 ,  H01L51/5096 ,  H01L2251/308 ,  Y10S428/917

Abstract: Organic light emitting devices are described wherein the emissive layer comprises a host material containing an emissive molecule, which molecule is adapted to luminesce when a voltage is applied across the heterostructure, and the emissive molecule is selected from the group of phosphorescent organometallic complexes, including cyclometallated platinum, iridium and osmium complexes. The organic light emitting devices optionally contain an exciton blocking layer. Furthermore, improved electroluminescent efficiency in organic light emitting devices is obtained with an emitter layer comprising organometallic complexes of transition metals of formula L2MX, wherein L and X are distinct bidentate ligands. Compounds of this formula can be synthesized more facilely than in previous approaches and synthetic options allow insertion of fluorescent molecules into a phosphorescent complex, ligands to fine tune the color of emission, and ligands to trap carriers.

Abstract translation: 描述了有机发光器件，其中发射层包含含有发射分子的主体材料，该分子适于在跨异质结构施加电压时发光，并且发射分子选自磷光有机金属络合物，包括环金属化 铂，铱和锇络合物。 有机发光器件任选地包含激子阻挡层。 此外，通过具有式L2MX的过渡金属的有机金属络合物的发射极层获得有机发光器件的改善的电致发光效率，其中L和X是不同的二齿配体。 该配方的化合物可以比先前的方法更容易合成，并且合成选项允许将荧光分子插入磷光复合物，配体以微调发光的颜色，以及配体捕获载体。

公开(公告)号：US20080311296A1

公开(公告)日：2008-12-18

申请号：US12175641

申请日：2008-07-18

Applicant: Max Shtein ,  Stephen R. Forrest ,  Jay B. Benzinger

Inventor： Max Shtein ,  Stephen R. Forrest ,  Jay B. Benzinger

IPC: C23C16/44

CPC classification number: H01L51/001 ,  C23C14/04 ,  C23C14/042 ,  C23C14/12 ,  C23C14/228 ,  C23C14/24 ,  H01L51/0008 ,  H01L51/0013 ,  H01L51/0021 ,  H01L51/56

Abstract: A device and a method for facilitating the deposition and patterning of organic materials onto substrates utilizing the vapor transport mechanisms of organic vapor phase deposition is provided. The device includes one or more nozzles, and an apparatus integrally connected to the one or more nozzles, wherein the apparatus includes one or more source cells, a carrier gas inlet, a carrier gas outlet, and a first valve capable of controlling the flow of a carrier gas through the one or more source cells. The method includes moving a substrate relative to an apparatus, and controlling the composition of the organic material and/or the rate of the organic material ejected by the one or more nozzles while moving the substrate relative to the apparatus, such that a patterned organic layer is deposited over the substrate.

Abstract translation: 提供了一种利用有机气相沉积的蒸汽输送机制促进有机材料沉积和图案化到基板上的装置和方法。 该装置包括一个或多个喷嘴和与该一个或多个喷嘴一体连接的设备，其中该装置包括一个或多个源电池，载气入口，载气出口和能够控制 载气通过一个或多个源电池。 该方法包括相对于设备移动衬底，并且在移动衬底相对于设备的同时控制有机材料的组成和/或由一个或多个喷嘴喷射的有机材料的速率，使得图案化的有机层 沉积在衬底上。