摘要:
A method and a device for the continuous production of glass and glass ceramic products from a glass melt is provided, which simplifies the changing between two kinds of glass. The device includes a melting crucible and an induction coil, which preferably extends around the melting crucible in order to heat a glass melt by means of an induction field generated by the induction coil. The wall elements, which form the side wall of the crucible, have cooling channels, through which a cooling fluid can be conducted, so that the glass melt solidifies on the side wall and forms a skull layer. The interior side of the wall elements is formed at least in part by an aluminum nitride-containing ceramic.
摘要:
A method for the continuous production of products from a melt is provided. The method includes heating the melt to a predetermined temperature in a skull crucible, the bottom of which is formed from electrically non-conductive, but thermally conductive material.
摘要:
Step-index optical waveguides are made of multicomponent glass containing a core glass and an outer glass which entirely surrounds the core class. A fiber-optic cable for conducting electromagnetic radiation, contains at least one bundle of individual fibers which encompass the step-index optical waveguides that are made of multicomponent glass containing a core glass and an outer glass that entirely surrounds the core glass on the circumferential wall thereof. These step-index optical waveguides provide great transmission capacity for transmitting data while keeping the transfer characteristics sufficiently durable. Furthermore, the fiber-optic cable is resistant against physical and chemical environmental influences and be protected against radical ambient chemicals. These aims are achieved by the fact that the outer glass of the step-index optical waveguides is provided with a material composition which is largely free from chemical interactions with the core glass when the fibers are drawn and is chemically inactive towards the plastic jacket.
摘要:
The invention relates to a method for manufacturing optical glasses and colored glasses with the aid of a fluid phase sintering process from a basic material encompassing at least SiO.sub.2 powder as well as additives for reducing the temperature of the fluid phase sintering and/or melting process encompassing the following steps: the starting materials are dissolved in any sequence in a fluid medium to produce a solution as far as is possible and a suspension to the extent that they are not dispersed in solution; a greenbody is produced from the dissolved and dispersed starting materials; the greenbody is dried the dried greenbody is fluid-phase sintered at temperatures below 1200° C., in particular in the temperature range from 600° C. to 1200° C.
摘要:
Zinc-containing optical glass materials with a refractive index nd between 1.52 and 1.66, an Abbe number νd of between 35 and 54 and a composition (in % by weight based on oxide) of: SiO2 38–58, ZnO 0.3–42, PbO 0–
摘要翻译:具有介于1.52和1.66之间的折射率n D u>的含Zn的光学玻璃材料,35至54之间的阿贝数nu sub>以及组成(以重量%计 氧化物):SiO 2 38-58,ZnO 0.3-42,PbO 0- <30,ZnO + PbO 20-55,Li 2 O 0- 3 ,NA 2 O 0-14,K 2 O 0-12,Li 2 O + Na 2 O + K 2 O 2 = 2,F 0-3,MgO 0-6,CaO 0- <5,SrO 0-6,BaO 0- <0.9,B 2 SUB 3 O 3 - 0 - <1,AL 2 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 2,如果合适,以常规金额提炼精炼剂。
摘要:
The invention describes a lead-free and arsenic-free special short flint glass with a refractive index 1.60≦nd≦1.65, an Abbe number of 41≦νd≦52, a relative partial dispersion 0.551≦PgF≦0.570 in the blue spectral region, a relative partial dispersion 0.507≦PCs≦0.525 in the red spectral region, a negative deviation of the relative partial dispersion from the normal line ΔPg,F≦−0.0045 and an improved chemical resistance which has the following composition (in % by weight): SiO2>50–65 Al2O30–7 B2O30–6 Li2O0–6 Na2O 3–11 K2O0–6 MgO 0–12 CaO 1–12 BaO0–8 La2O3 0–15 Ta2O5 0–10 Nb2O5 4–20 ZrO2>10–20 Σ(CaO + MgO + BaO) 1–25 Σ(Na2O + K2O + Li2O) 3–20 SiO2/(ZrO2 + La2O3 + Nb2O5 + Ta2O5)1.5–2.3.
摘要:
The present invention refers to a new method for floating glasses which are susceptible to reduction reactions, in particular phosphate-containing glasses, with float media which comprise bismuth and/or lead as one basic ingredient. This method can solve the problem that glasses which are susceptible to reduction reactions become useless in conventional, tin-containing float media. Due to this fact, till now no float method for such glasses existed. Rather, from them was produced rolled glass and the required surface quality was effected through expensive and costly grinding and polishing.
摘要:
The stepped optical fiber has a core glass member and a surrounding cladding glass member. It has a high numerical aperture (NA)≧0.50. The core glass member preferably has a zinc-containing composition including, in % by weight, SiO2, 42 to 53; ZnO, 16 to 38; PbO, 1 to 20; Na2O,
摘要翻译:阶梯式光纤具有芯玻璃构件和周围的包层玻璃构件。 它具有高数值孔径(NA)> = 0.50。 核心玻璃构件优选具有含锌组合物,其包含以重量%计的SiO 2,42至53; ZnO,16〜38; PbO,1〜20; Na 2 O,<14; K 2 O,<12; ZnO和PbO> = 30之和,Na 2 O 2和K 2 O 2之和为> = 2。 与该芯玻璃相容的包层玻璃组合物以重量%计含有SiO 2,60〜72, B 2 O 3,<20; AL 2 O 3,<10; NA 2 O,<18; 和K 2 O,<15。 所得到的光纤具有低衰减,非常中性的色彩传输和低制造成本。 其他包覆玻璃组合物导致在芯玻璃边界层处具有太多结晶的相当差的性质。 还准备了具有甚至更低孔径值> = 0.48的芯玻璃的环保无铅实施例。
摘要:
The invention relates to a skull pot (1) for melting, crystallizing or refining inorganic substances. Said pot comprises a pot wall (1.1), a pot bottom (1.2), an induction coil (2) which surrounds the pot wall (1.1) and by means of which high-frequency energy can be coupled into the content of the pot. The pot wall (1.1) is formed by a ring of metal pipes which can be connected to a cooling medium. Slits are embodied between adjacent metal pipes. The bottom (1.2) is provided with a discharge for the melt (3). A sleeve (4) is allocated to the discharge. The admission end (4.1) of the sleeve (4) protrudes far into the inner chamber of the skull pot (1) in such a way that, during use, the melt (3) can be withdrawn through the crystallized bottom layer (3.3) in a controlled manner without the danger of impairing quality.
摘要:
The invention describes a method and an apparatus for the rapid melting of in particular high-purity, aggressive and/or high-melting glasses in a skull crucible, in which high-frequency energy is introduced into the contents of the crucible by means of a coil arrangement surrounding the skull crucible, in order to heat the melt, and the batch is laid and the molten glass discharged in the upper region of the crucible, and undissolved constituents of the batch are retained by means of a cooled bridge which is immersed in the melt. According to the invention, the glass is taken off above the coil arrangement (1.3) and is fed for further processing without flowing through the coil region. This has the advantage that simple, conventional components can be used to connect the melting unit to the further-processing stations, and the type of connection can be selected in such a way that it is possible to prevent the quality of the glass from being impaired by connection techniques which are less than optimum.