Microfluidic control for waveguide optical switches, variable attenuators, and other optical devices
    21.
    发明申请
    Microfluidic control for waveguide optical switches, variable attenuators, and other optical devices 有权
    用于波导光开关,可变衰减器和其他光学器件的微流控制

    公开(公告)号:US20060083473A1

    公开(公告)日:2006-04-20

    申请号:US11289188

    申请日:2005-11-28

    IPC分类号: G02B6/10

    摘要: Devices utilize elements carried by a fluid in a microchannel to switch, attenuate, shutter, filter, or phase shift optical signals. In certain embodiments, a microchannel carries a gaseous or liquid slug that interacts with at least a portion of the optical power of an optical signal traveling through a waveguide. The microchannel may form part of the cladding of the waveguide, part of the core and the cladding, or part of the core only. The microchannel may also have ends or may be configured as a loop or continuous channel. The fluid devices may be self-latching or may be semi-latching. The fluid in the microchannel is moved using e.g., e.g., electrocapillarity, differential-pressure electrocapillarity, electrowetting, continuous electrowetting, electrophoresis, electroosmosis, dielectrophoresis, electro-hydrodynamic electrohydrodynamic pumping, magneto-hydrodynamic magnetohydrodynamic pumping, thermocapillarity, thermal expansion, dielectric pumping, and/or variable dielectric pumping.

    摘要翻译: 设备利用由微通道中的流体承载的元件来切换,衰减,快门,滤波或相移光信号。 在某些实施例中,微通道携带气体或液体块,其与穿过波导的光信号的光功率的至少一部分相互作用。 微通道可以形成波导的包层的一部分,芯部的一部分和包层,或仅部分芯部。 微通道还可以具有端部或者可以被配置为环路或连续通道。 流体装置可以是自锁的或可以是半锁定的。 微通道中的流体例如使用电毛细管力,差压电毛细管力,电润湿,连续电润湿,电泳,电渗,介电电泳,电流动力学电流动力学泵浦,磁流体动力学磁流体动力学泵浦,热吸收,热膨胀,介电泵送, 和/或可变电介质泵浦。

    MOS varactor for LC VCOs
    24.
    发明申请
    MOS varactor for LC VCOs 有权
    用于LC VCO的MOS变容二极管

    公开(公告)号:US20050184314A1

    公开(公告)日:2005-08-25

    申请号:US10786247

    申请日:2004-02-25

    IPC分类号: H01L27/08 H01L27/10

    CPC分类号: H01L27/0808 H01L27/0811

    摘要: A metal oxide semiconductor (MOS) varactor device has a source and a drain connected to each other, and a back gate, electrically separate from the source and drain, which is connected to a circuit common mode point.

    摘要翻译: 金属氧化物半导体(MOS)变容二极管器件具有彼此连接的源极和漏极,以及与源极和漏极电气分离的背栅,其连接到电路共模点。

    Method of static phase offset correction for a linear phase detector
    25.
    发明授权
    Method of static phase offset correction for a linear phase detector 有权
    线性相位检测器的静态相位偏移校正方法

    公开(公告)号:US08948332B2

    公开(公告)日:2015-02-03

    申请号:US13679884

    申请日:2012-11-16

    IPC分类号: H03D3/24 H03L7/07 G01R25/00

    CPC分类号: H03L7/07 G01R25/005 H03L9/00

    摘要: A method for calibrating a clock and data recovery circuit may include configuring a phase detector as a bang-bang phase detector. The bang-bang phase detector may be used to determine a phase difference between a sampling clock provided by an interpolator and a calibration signal. The phase detector may also be configured as a linear phase detector. While using the linear phase detector, a linear phase detector parameter may be adjusted such that the phase difference between the calibration signal and the sampling clock is zero, while keeping the phase of the sampling clock fixed.

    摘要翻译: 用于校准时钟和数据恢复电路的方法可以包括将相位检测器配置为爆炸相位检测器。 爆轰相位检测器可用于确定由内插器提供的采样时钟与校准信号之间的相位差。 相位检测器也可以被配置为线性相位检测器。 在使用线性相位检测器时,可以调节线性相位检测器参数,使得校准信号和采样时钟之间的相位差为零,同时保持采样时钟的相位固定。

    Apparatus and method for rotational frequency detection
    26.
    发明授权
    Apparatus and method for rotational frequency detection 有权
    旋转频率检测装置及方法

    公开(公告)号:US08442174B2

    公开(公告)日:2013-05-14

    申请号:US12703056

    申请日:2010-02-09

    IPC分类号: H04L7/00

    摘要: Apparatus and methods for rotational frequency detection are disclosed. In one embodiment, a rotational frequency detector is configured to receive samples taken from a serial data stream and to generate a frequency up error signal or a frequency down error signal. The rotational frequency detector processes a first set of samples to generate first transition data, which may be stored in a memory. The rotational frequency detector processes a second and third set of samples to generate second and third transition data. The frequency up or frequency down error signal is generated based at least partly on the first, second or third transition data. This configuration can reduce the maximum operating frequency of the rotational frequency detector, thereby simplifying the rotational frequency detector design to a point that a conventional static digital CMOS circuit design flow can be used to design the rotational frequency detector.

    摘要翻译: 公开了用于旋转频率检测的装置和方法。 在一个实施例中,旋转频率检测器被配置为接收从串行数据流获取的采样并产生上变频信号或降频误差信号。 旋转频率检测器处理第一组采样以产生可存储在存储器中的第一转换数据。 旋转频率检测器处理第二和第三组采样以产生第二和第三转换数据。 至少部分地基于第一,第二或第三转换数据生成上升或下降误差信号。 该配置可以降低旋转频率检测器的最大工作频率,从而将旋转频率检测器设计简化为可以使用传统的静态数字CMOS电路设计流程来设计旋转频率检测器。

    Apparatus and method for clock and data recovery
    27.
    发明授权
    Apparatus and method for clock and data recovery 有权
    时钟和数据恢复的装置和方法

    公开(公告)号:US08442173B2

    公开(公告)日:2013-05-14

    申请号:US12703030

    申请日:2010-02-09

    申请人: John Kenney

    发明人: John Kenney

    IPC分类号: H04L7/00

    摘要: Apparatus and methods for clock and data recovery are disclosed. In one embodiment, a clock and data recovery system includes a sampler, a deserializer, a phase detector and a frequency detector. The sampler may be configured to sample a serial data stream to produce data samples and transition samples. The deserializer may be configured to deserialize the data samples and the transition samples to produce deserialized data samples and deserialized transition samples. The deserialized data samples and the deserialized transition samples can be aligned and provided to the phase detector and the frequency detector, thereby improving phase alignment and cycle slip detection.

    摘要翻译: 公开了用于时钟和数据恢复的装置和方法。 在一个实施例中,时钟和数据恢复系统包括采样器,解串器,相位检测器和频率检测器。 采样器可以被配置为采样串行数据流以产生数据样本和转换样本。 解串器可以被配置为反序列化数据样本和转换样本以产生反序列化数据样本和反序列化转换样本。 反序列化数据样本和反序列化转换样本可以对齐并提供给相位检测器和频率检测器,从而改进相位对准和周期滑移检测。

    Computer operation control and item selection and vending methods and systems

    公开(公告)号:US20070228169A1

    公开(公告)日:2007-10-04

    申请号:US11598373

    申请日:2006-11-13

    申请人: John Kenney

    发明人: John Kenney

    IPC分类号: G06K7/10

    摘要: A signal is transmitted into a computer in response to an image on a display screen of the computer such that the computer operates in response to the signal; this includes moving a scanner in optical communication with the display screen such that the scanner detects an image (for example, a bar code) displayed on the screen and generates the signal in response. One or more computers may be used, and this may be used for vending a product or other purposes. With or without such scanning, a portion of a store environment may be displayed on a screen of a computer, including showing images of actual products for sale at the store, in which images of actual products are accessed via the computer from a database containing in-store images recorded in the store during a period of non-existent or minimal customer presence in the store. A vending system is also disclosed.

    APPARATUS AND METHOD FOR ROTATIONAL FREQUENCY DETECTION
    29.
    发明申请
    APPARATUS AND METHOD FOR ROTATIONAL FREQUENCY DETECTION 有权
    旋转频率检测装置及方法

    公开(公告)号:US20110194660A1

    公开(公告)日:2011-08-11

    申请号:US12703056

    申请日:2010-02-09

    IPC分类号: H04L7/00

    摘要: Apparatus and methods for rotational frequency detection are disclosed. In one embodiment, a rotational frequency detector is configured to receive samples taken from a serial data stream and to generate a frequency up error signal or a frequency down error signal. The rotational frequency detector processes a first set of samples to generate first transition data, which may be stored in a memory. The rotational frequency detector processes a second and third set of samples to generate second and third transition data. The frequency up or frequency down error signal is generated based at least partly on the first, second or third transition data. This configuration can reduce the maximum operating frequency of the rotational frequency detector, thereby simplifying the rotational frequency detector design to a point that a conventional static digital CMOS circuit design flow can be used to design the rotational frequency detector.

    摘要翻译: 公开了用于旋转频率检测的装置和方法。 在一个实施例中,旋转频率检测器被配置为接收从串行数据流获取的采样并产生上变频信号或降频误差信号。 旋转频率检测器处理第一组采样以产生可存储在存储器中的第一转换数据。 旋转频率检测器处理第二和第三组采样以产生第二和第三转换数据。 至少部分地基于第一,第二或第三转换数据生成上升或下降误差信号。 该配置可以降低旋转频率检测器的最大工作频率,从而将旋转频率检测器设计简化为可以使用传统的静态数字CMOS电路设计流程来设计旋转频率检测器。