公开(公告)号：US06955922B1

公开(公告)日：2005-10-18

申请号：US09612118

申请日：2000-07-07

申请人： Yan Liu ,  Hamish Small ,  Nebojsa Avdalovic

发明人： Yan Liu ,  Hamish Small ,  Nebojsa Avdalovic

IPC分类号： G01N30/26 ,  B01D15/08 ,  B01J39/26 ,  B01J41/20 ,  C25B1/16 ,  C25B1/22 ,  G01N30/02 ,  G01N30/34 ,  G01N30/60 ,  G01N30/96

CPC分类号： G01N30/96 ,  C25B1/16 ,  C25B1/22 ,  G01N30/02 ,  G01N30/34 ,  G01N2030/965 ,  Y10T436/25 ,  B01D15/36 ,  B01D15/426

摘要： Method and apparatus for generating an acid or base, e.g. for chromatographic analysis of anions. For generating a base the method includes the steps of providing a cation source in a cation source reservoir, flowing an aqueous liquid stream through a base generation chamber separated from the cation source reservoir by a barrier (e.g. a charged membrane) substantially preventing liquid flow while providing a cation transport bridge, applying an electric potential between an anode cation source reservoir and a cathode in the base generation chamber to electrolytically generate hydroxide ions therein and to cause cations in the cation source reservoir to electromigrate and to be transported across the barrier toward the cathode to combine with the transported cations to form cation hydroxide, and removing the cation hydroxide in an aqueous liquid stream as an effluent from the first base generation chamber. Suitable cation sources include a salt solution, a cation hydroxide solution or cation exchange resin.

公开(公告)号：US20050258048A1

公开(公告)日：2005-11-24

申请号：US11190741

申请日：2005-07-26

申请人： Yan Liu ,  Hamish Small ,  Nebojsa Avdalovic

发明人： Yan Liu ,  Hamish Small ,  Nebojsa Avdalovic

IPC分类号： G01N30/26 ,  B01D15/08 ,  B01J39/26 ,  B01J41/20 ,  C25B1/16 ,  C25B1/22 ,  G01N30/02 ,  G01N30/34 ,  G01N30/60 ,  G01N30/96 ,  C25B1/34

CPC分类号： G01N30/96 ,  C25B1/16 ,  C25B1/22 ,  G01N30/02 ,  G01N30/34 ,  G01N2030/965 ,  Y10T436/25 ,  B01D15/36 ,  B01D15/426

摘要： Method and apparatus for generating an acid or base, e.g. for chromatographic analysis of anions. For generating a base the method includes the steps of providing a cation source in a cation source reservoir, flowing an aqueous liquid stream through a base generation chamber separated from the cation source reservoir by a barrier (e.g. a charged membrane) substantially preventing liquid flow while providing a cation transport bridge, applying an electric potential between an anode cation source reservoir and a cathode in the base generation chamber to electrolytically generate hydroxide ions therein and to cause cations in the cation source reservoir to electromigrate and to be transported across the barrier toward the cathode to combine with the transported cations to form cation hydroxide, and removing the cation hydroxide in an aqueous liquid stream as an effluent from the first base generation chamber. Suitable cation sources include a salt solution, a cation hydroxide solution or cation exchange resin.

摘要翻译： 用于产生酸或碱的方法和设备，例如， 用于阴离子的色谱分析。 为了产生碱，该方法包括以下步骤：在阳离子源储存器中提供阳离子源，使水性液体流通过基本上防止液体流动的屏障（例如带电膜）与阳离子源储存器分离的碱性产生室流动， 提供阳离子输送桥，在基底产生室中的阳极阳离子源储存器和阴极之间施加电位以在其中电解产生氢氧根离子，并使阳离子源储存器中的阳离子电迁移并穿过屏障向着 阴极与所运送的阳离子结合以形成阳离子氢氧化物，并且以水溶液流中的阳离子氢氧化物作为来自第一碱基产生室的流出物除去。 合适的阳离子源包括盐溶液，阳离子氢氧化物溶液或阳离子交换树脂。

公开(公告)号：US06610546B1

公开(公告)日：2003-08-26

申请号：US09648377

申请日：2000-08-25

申请人： Yan Liu ,  Kannan Srinivasan ,  Nebojsa Avdalovic ,  Hamish Small ,  John M. Riviello

发明人： Yan Liu ,  Kannan Srinivasan ,  Nebojsa Avdalovic ,  Hamish Small ,  John M. Riviello

IPC分类号： G01N3002

CPC分类号： G01N30/96 ,  G01N2030/965 ,  G01N30/6069

摘要： An electrolytic suppressor including (a) packing (a suppressor bed of ion exchange resin or a flow-through monolith), (b) an electrode chamber adjacent the suppressor, (c) a first electrode in the electrode chamber, (d) a barrier separating the packing from the first electrode chamber preventing significant liquid flow but permitting transport of ions only of the same charge as the packing, (e) a second electrode in electrical communication with the resin bed, and (f) a recycle conduit between the suppressor outlet port and said electrode chamber. Charged transverse partitions with openings may be included to create a serpentine liquid path. For anion analysis, the method of using the apparatus includes: (a) flowing an aqueous liquid sample stream containing anions to be detected and cation hydroxide through the separator bed, (b) flowing the aqueous effluent from the separator bed through the flow-through packing, (c) flowing the effluent liquid from the suppressor past a detector, (d) recycling said liquid effluent from the detector through a cathode chamber proximate to the packing and separated by the first barrier, and (e) applying an electrical potential between the cathode and the anode. Water is electrolyzed at the anode to cause cations on the cation exchange packing to electromigrate toward the barrier and to be transported across the barrier toward the cathode while water in the cathode chamber is electrolyzed to generate hydroxide ions which combine with the transported cations to form cation hydroxide in the cathode chamber.

摘要翻译： 一种电解抑制器，其包括（a）填充（离子交换树脂或流通式整料的抑制床），（b）与抑制器相邻的电极室，（c）电极室中的第一电极，（d） 将填料从第一电极室分离以防止显着的液体流动，但允许仅与填料相同的电荷输送离子，（e）与树脂床电连通的第二电极，和（f）抑制器之间的再循环导管 出口和所述电极室。 可以包括具有开口的带电的横向隔板以产生蛇形液体路径。 对于阴离子分析，使用该装置的方法包括：（a）使含有待检测的阴离子和阳离子氢氧化物的含水液体样品流通过分离床，（b）使来自分离器床的水性流出物流过流过 包装，（c）使来自抑制器的流出液体流过检测器，（d）将来自检测器的所述液体流出物循环通过邻近填料的阴极室并由第一屏障分离，以及（e） 阴极和阳极。 在阳极处电解阳极以使阳离子交换填料上的阳离子电迁移到屏障上，并将阴极室内的水转移到阴极，同时电解阴极室中的水以产生氢氧化物离子，这些氢离子与运送的阳离子结合形成阳离子 氢氧化物在阴极室中。

公开(公告)号：US07153476B2

公开(公告)日：2006-12-26

申请号：US10176879

申请日：2002-06-21

申请人： Yan Liu ,  Hamish Small ,  Nebojsa Avdalovic

发明人： Yan Liu ,  Hamish Small ,  Nebojsa Avdalovic

IPC分类号： G01N30/02 ,  G01N30/26 ,  G01N30/28

CPC分类号： G01N30/96 ,  C25B1/16 ,  C25B1/22 ,  G01N30/02 ,  G01N30/34 ,  G01N2030/965 ,  Y10T436/25 ,  B01D15/36 ,  B01D15/426

摘要： Method and apparatus for generating an acid or base, e.g. for chromatographic analysis of anions. For generating a base the method includes the steps of providing a cation source in a cation source reservoir, flowing an aqueous liquid stream through a base generation chamber separated from the cation source reservoir by a barrier (e.g. a charged membrane) substantially preventing liquid flow while providing a cation transport bridge, applying an electric potential between an anode cation source reservoir and a cathode in the base generation chamber to electrolytically generate hydroxide ions therein and to cause cations in the cation source reservoir to electromigrate and to be transported across the barrier toward the cathode to combine with the transported cations to form cation hydroxide, and removing the cation hydroxide in an aqueous liquid stream as an effluent from the first base generation chamber. Suitable cation sources include a salt solution, a cation hydroxide solution or cation exchange resin.

公开(公告)号：US20060269452A1

公开(公告)日：2006-11-30

申请号：US11502294

申请日：2006-08-09

申请人： Yan Liu ,  Hamish Small ,  Nabojsa Avdalovic

发明人： Yan Liu ,  Hamish Small ,  Nabojsa Avdalovic

IPC分类号： B01L9/00

CPC分类号： G01N30/96 ,  C25B1/16 ,  C25B1/22 ,  G01N30/02 ,  G01N30/34 ,  G01N2030/965 ,  Y10T436/25 ,  B01D15/36 ,  B01D15/426

摘要： Method and apparatus for generating an acid or base, e.g. for chromatographic analysis of anions. For generating a base the method includes the steps of providing a cation source in a cation source reservoir, flowing an aqueous liquid stream through a base generation chamber separated from the cation source reservoir by a barrier (e.g. a charged membrane) substantially preventing liquid flow while providing a cation transport bridge, applying an electric potential between an anode cation source reservoir and a cathode in the base generation chamber to electrolytically generate hydroxide ions therein and to cause cations in the cation source reservoir to electromigrate and to be transported across the barrier toward the cathode to combine with the transported cations to form cation hydroxide, and removing the cation hydroxide in an aqueous liquid stream as an effluent from the first base generation chamber. Suitable cation sources include a salt solution, a cation hydroxide solution or cation exchange resin.

公开(公告)号：US06562628B1

公开(公告)日：2003-05-13

申请号：US09612113

申请日：2000-07-07

申请人： Yan Liu ,  Nebojsa Avdalovic ,  Hamish Small

发明人： Yan Liu ,  Nebojsa Avdalovic ,  Hamish Small

IPC分类号： G01N3002

CPC分类号： G01N30/96 ,  G01N30/34 ,  G01N2030/965 ,  B01D15/361

摘要： A combination electrolytic suppressor and separate eluent generator and method. The suppressor includes a chromatography effluent flow channel, an ion receiving flow channel, and a first suppressor ion exchange barrier therebetween permeable to electrolyte ions but not liquid flow. The effluent from the chromatography effluent compartment flows through the detector, the ion receiving channel, and to an eluent generator. The generator includes a first generator electrode in a first generator electrode chamber, an electrolyte ion reservoir, a first charged generator barrier separating the first eluent generator electrode chamber from the electrolyte ion reservoir, preventing liquid flow but permitting transport of said electrolyte ions, and a second generator electrode on the opposite side of the first generator barrier from the first generator electrode. Fluid flows from the ion receiving flow channel past the second generator electrode. Acid or base electrolytically generated in the first generator electrode chamber flows as an eluent stream to the chromatographic separator.

摘要翻译： 一种组合电解抑制器和单独的洗脱液发生器和方法。 抑制剂包括层析流出物流动通道，离子接收流动通道，以及可渗透电解质离子而不是液体流动的第一抑制离子交换屏障。 来自色谱流出物室的流出物流过检测器，离子接收通道和洗脱液发生器。 发电机包括在第一发电机电极室中的第一发电机电极，电解质离子储存器，将第一洗脱液发生器电极室与电解质离子储存器分开的第一带电发生器屏障，防止液体流动但允许所述电解质离子的运输，以及 第二发生器电极位于第一发生器屏障的与第一发生器电极相反的一侧上。 流体从离子接收流路流过第二发生器电极。 在第一发生器电极室中电解生成的酸或碱作为洗脱液流动进入色谱分离器。

公开(公告)号：US06508985B2

公开(公告)日：2003-01-21

申请号：US09877666

申请日：2001-06-08

申请人： Hamish Small ,  Yan Liu ,  John M. Riviello ,  Nebojsa Avdalovic ,  Kannan Srinivasan

发明人： Hamish Small ,  Yan Liu ,  John M. Riviello ,  Nebojsa Avdalovic ,  Kannan Srinivasan

IPC分类号： G01N3002

CPC分类号： G01N30/96 ,  G01N2030/965

摘要： An electrolyitic suppressor including (a) a suppressor bed of ion exchange resin, (b) an electrode chamber adjacent the suppressor, (c) a first electrode in the electrode chamber, (d) a barrier separating the suppressor bed from the first electrode chamber preventing significant liquid flow but permitting transport of ions only of the same charge as the suppressor bed resin, (e) a second electrode in electrical communication with the resin bed, and (f) a recycle conduit between the suppressor outlet port and said electrode chamber. The second electrode may be in contact with the ion exchange resin in the suppressor or located in second electrode chamber. For anion analysis, the method of using the apparatus includes: (a) flowing an aqueous liquid sample stream containing anions to be detected and cation hydroxide through the separator bed, (b) flowing the aqueous effluent from the separator bed through the flow-through suppressor, (c) flowing the effluent liquid from the suppressor past a detector, (d) recycling said liquid effluent from the detector through a cathode chamber proximate to the suppressor bed and separated by the first barrier, and (e) applying an electrical potential between the cathode and the anode. Water is electrolyzed at the anode to cause cations on the cation exchange resin to electromigrate toward the barrier and to be transported across the barrier toward the cathode while water in the cathode chamber is electrolyzed to generate hydroxide ions which combine with the transported cations to form cation hydroxide in the cathode chamber.

摘要翻译： 一种电解抑制器，包括（a）离子交换树脂的抑制床，（b）与抑制器相邻的电极室，（c）电极室中的第一电极，（d）将抑制床与第一电极室 防止显着的液体流动，但允许仅与抑制床树脂相同的电荷的离子的输送，（e）与树脂床电连通的第二电极，和（f）在抑制器出口和电极室之间的再循环管道 。 第二电极可以与抑制器中的离子交换树脂接触或位于第二电极室中。 对于阴离子分析，使用该装置的方法包括：（a）使含有待检测的阴离子和阳离子氢氧化物的含水液体样品流通过分离床，（b）使来自分离器床的水性流出物流过流过 （c）将来自抑制器的流出液体流过检测器，（d）将来自检测器的所述液体流出物再循环通过靠近抑制床的阴极室并被第一屏障分离，以及（e）施加电势 在阴极和阳极之间。 在阳极处电解水以使阳离子交换树脂上的阳离子电致化学势垒，并将阴极室内的水转移至阴极，同时电解阴极室内的水，以产生氢氧化物离子，与运送的阳离子结合形成阳离子 氢氧化物在阴极室中。

公开(公告)号：US06325976B1

公开(公告)日：2001-12-04

申请号：US09031221

申请日：1998-02-26

申请人： Hamish Small ,  Yan Liu ,  John M. Riviello ,  Nebojsa Avdalovic ,  Kannan Srinivasan

发明人： Hamish Small ,  Yan Liu ,  John M. Riviello ,  Nebojsa Avdalovic ,  Kannan Srinivasan

IPC分类号： G01N3002

摘要： An electrolyitic suppressor including (a) a suppressor bed of ion exchange resin, (b) an electrode chamber adjacent the suppressor, (c) a first electrode in the electrode chamber, (d) a barrier separating the suppressor bed from the first electrode chamber preventing significant liquid flow but permitting transport of ions only of the same charge as the suppressor bed resin, (e) a second electrode in electrical communication with the resin bed, and (f) a recycle conduit between the suppressor outlet port and said electrode chamber. The second electrode may be in contact with the ion exchange resin in the suppressor or located in second electrode chamber. For anion analysis, the method of using the apparatus includes: (a) flowing an aqueous liquid sample stream containing anions to be detected and cation hydroxide through the separator bed, (b) flowing the aqueous effluent from the separator bed through the flow-through suppressor, (c) flowing the effluent liquid from the suppressor past a detector, (d) recycling said liquid effluent from the detector through a cathode chamber proximate to the suppressor bed and separated by the first barrier, and (e) applying an electrical potential between the cathode and the anode. Water is electrolyzed at the anode to cause cations on the cation exchange resin to electromigrate toward the barrier and to be transported across the barrier toward the cathode while water in the cathode chamber is electrolyzed to generate hydroxide ions which combine with the transported cations to form cation hydroxide in the cathode chamber.

摘要翻译： 一种电解抑制器，包括（a）离子交换树脂的抑制床，（b）与抑制器相邻的电极室，（c）电极室中的第一电极，（d）将抑制床与第一电极室 防止显着的液体流动，但允许仅与抑制床树脂相同的电荷的离子的输送，（e）与树脂床电连通的第二电极，和（f）在抑制器出口和电极室之间的再循环管道 。 第二电极可以与抑制器中的离子交换树脂接触或位于第二电极室中。 对于阴离子分析，使用该装置的方法包括：（a）使含有待检测的阴离子和阳离子氢氧化物的含水液体样品流通过分离床，（b）使来自分离器床的水性流出物流过流过 （c）将来自抑制器的流出液体流过检测器，（d）将来自检测器的所述液体流出物再循环通过靠近抑制床的阴极室并被第一屏障分离，以及（e）施加电势 在阴极和阳极之间。 在阳极处电解水以使阳离子交换树脂上的阳离子电致化学势垒，并将阴极室内的水转移至阴极，同时电解阴极室内的水，以产生氢氧化物离子，与运送的阳离子结合形成阳离子 氢氧化物在阴极室中。

公开(公告)号：US06316270B1

公开(公告)日：2001-11-13

申请号：US09470192

申请日：1999-12-23

申请人： Hamish Small ,  Nebojsa Avdalovic ,  Yan Liu

发明人： Hamish Small ,  Nebojsa Avdalovic ,  Yan Liu

IPC分类号： G01N3002

CPC分类号： B01J39/26 ,  B01J47/08 ,  G01N30/02 ,  G01N30/34 ,  G01N2030/407 ,  G01N2030/965 ,  Y10T436/117497 ,  B01D15/362

摘要： A method for generating high purity acid or base in an aqueous stream for use as an eluent for chromatography and, particularly, ion chromatography. For generating a base for anion chromatography, the aqueous stream is directed through a cation exchange bed having a first strongly acidic and a second weakly acidic portions. An electrical potential is applied to the bed. Cations on the bed electromigrate into the aqueous stream while hydroxide ions are electrolytically generated to form a base-containing eluent. Anions to be detected and the generated eluent flow through a chromatographic separator. The chromatographic effluent flows past a detector.

摘要翻译： 一种在含水流中产生高纯度酸或碱的方法，用作色谱法，特别是离子色谱法的洗脱剂。 为了产生用于阴离子色谱的碱，水流被引导通过具有第一强酸性和第二弱酸性部分的阳离子交换床。 电位施加到床上。 床上的阳离子电迁移到水流中，同时电解产生氢氧根离子以形成含碱的洗脱液。 要检测的阴离子和产生的洗脱液流经色谱分离器。 色谱流出物流过检测器。

公开(公告)号：US06225129B1

公开(公告)日：2001-05-01

申请号：US09017050

申请日：1998-02-02

申请人： Yan Liu ,  Hamish Small ,  Nebojsa Avdalovic

发明人： Yan Liu ,  Hamish Small ,  Nebojsa Avdalovic

IPC分类号： G01N3002

CPC分类号： G01N30/96 ,  C25B1/16 ,  C25B1/22 ,  G01N30/02 ,  G01N30/34 ,  G01N2030/965 ,  Y10T436/25 ,  B01D15/36 ,  B01D15/426

摘要： Method and apparatus for generating an acid or base, e.g. for chromatographic analysis of anions. For generating a base the method includes the steps of providing a cation source in a cation source reservoir, flowing an aqueous liquid stream through a base generation chamber separated from the cation source reservoir by a barrier (e.g. a charged membrane) substantially preventing liquid flow while providing a cation transport bridge, applying an electric potential between an anode cation source reservoir and a cathode in the base generation chamber to electrolytically generate hydroxide ions therein and to cause cations in the cation source reservoir to electromigrate and to be transported across the barrier toward the cathode to combine with the transported cations to form cation hydroxide, and removing the cation hydroxide in an aqueous liquid stream as an effluent from the first base generation chamber. Suitable cation sources include a salt solution, a cation hydroxide solution or cation exchange resin.

摘要翻译： 用于产生酸或碱的方法和设备，例如， 用于阴离子的色谱分析。 为了产生碱，该方法包括以下步骤：在阳离子源储存器中提供阳离子源，使水性液体流通过基本上防止液体流动的屏障（例如带电膜）与阳离子源储存器分离的碱性产生室流动， 提供阳离子输送桥，在基底产生室中的阳极阳离子源储存器和阴极之间施加电位以在其中电解产生氢氧根离子，并使阳离子源储存器中的阳离子电迁移并穿过屏障向着 阴极与所运送的阳离子结合以形成阳离子氢氧化物，并且以水溶液流中的阳离子氢氧化物作为来自第一碱基产生室的流出物除去。 合适的阳离子源包括盐溶液，阳离子氢氧化物溶液或阳离子交换树脂。