Abstract:
An earthing switch is disclosed that includes a base for mounting the earthing switch, a first contact element that is mounted on the base via a first insulating element, a shaft mounted in the base, a second contact element, mounted on the shaft, that can swivel relative to the first contact element, so that the second contact element can move between a closed and an open position, a locking and/or monitoring apparatus for locking the shaft and/or for monitoring the position of the shaft, wherein the locking and/or monitoring apparatus is fitted to the base next to the first contact element, wherein a second insulating element held between the base and the first insulating element has an insulating plate that protrudes from the base and that is arranged between the first contact element and the locking and/or monitoring apparatus.
Abstract:
The present disclosure is directed to a method and apparatus for approximating a static head of a fluid transfer system including a fluid transfer device. The method can include determining a rotational speed and a power consumption of the fluid transfer device, determining a first set of data points, calculating a second set of data points on the basis of the first set of data points, determining a minimum rotational speed producing flow through the fluid transfer device on the basis of the second set of data points, and determining the static head on the basis of the minimum rotational speed.
Abstract:
The present disclosure discloses a method and an apparatus implementing the method for minimizing a circulating current of parallel-connected inverters. The method can include, for at least one parallel-connected inverter, measuring a common-mode voltage of the inverter, and controlling a cycle length of the switching cycle on the basis of the common-mode voltage.
Abstract:
An exemplary electric apparatus includes a fan for generating a first airflow, a component space includes a secondary electric component, and a housing. In order to obtain efficient cooling solution one or more walls separate the component space including the secondary electric component from the first cooling element for preventing the first airflow from entering the component space. A second cooling element has a first end in the component space and a second end located outside of the component space for dissipating heat received from the secondary electric component to the first airflow.
Abstract:
Exemplary methods and systems of determining stall of a fan are disclosed, when the fan is controlled with a frequency converter. The method includes estimating a rotational speed (n) and the torque (T) of the fan. Transferring characteristic curves of the fan to the estimated rotational speed (n) of the fan, determining the stall region of the fan. Determining an operation point of the fan from the estimated rotational speed (n) and estimated torque (T) using the characteristic curves. Calculating RMS values of the low frequency components of the torque and rotational speed estimates (TRMS, nRMS) to obtain a low frequency parameter (S), and determining an occurrence of stall based on at least one of the operation point and the low frequency parameter (S).
Abstract:
A converter arrangement can include a first rectifier having an AC input and a DC output with two DC output poles, a capacitance (C) connected between the DC output poles of the first rectifier, a second rectifier having an AC input with two AC input poles and a DC output with two DC output poles, wherein the DC output of the second rectifier is connected between the DC output poles of the first rectifier. A magnetic amplifier includes at least one control winding (L2) and at least one AC winding (L11, L12), wherein the at least one control winding is connected between the DC output poles of the first rectifier, and wherein the at least one AC winding (L2) of the magnetic amplifier is connected in series with the AC input of the second rectifier.
Abstract:
An exemplary method for charging a capacitance connected between DC poles of a three-phase active rectifier/inverter and a converter apparatus including a three-phase active rectifier/inverter having a capacitance connected between DC poles thereof, a three-phase filter and a three-phase step-down transformer. The active rectifier/inverter is configured to charge the capacitance connected between the DC poles of the active rectifier/inverter with a rectified secondary voltage of the transformer until a voltage of the capacitance reaches a first predetermined threshold voltage. In response to the voltage of the capacitance connected between the DC poles of the active rectifier/inverter reaching the first predetermined threshold voltage, the active/rectifier/inverter is configured to charge the capacitance with a boosted rectified secondary voltage of the transformer until the voltage of the capacitance reaches a second predetermined threshold voltage higher than the first predetermined threshold voltage.