摘要:
This invention is a fluid flow measuring device for determining the coolant flow at the entrance to a specific nuclear reactor fuel region. The device comprises a plurality of venturis having the upstream inlet and throat pressure of each respectively manifolded together to provide one static pressure signal for each region monitored. The device provides accurate flow measurement with low pressure losses and uniform entrance and discharge flow distribution.
摘要:
A device for monitoring the electrical conductivity of an electrically conductive fluid comprising at least two electrical coils for immersion in the fluid. One of the coils constitutes a coil to be energized with an alternating current and the other in use constitutes a detection coil. The coils are arranged relative to one another so that in use they are mutually inductively coupled and are inductively coupled by the fluid.An electronic circuit is provided which includes a power supply for supplying an alternating current to the coil or coils to be energized, and a detector for detecting the voltage induced in the detection coil or coils. The detector provides an indication of changes in the inductive coupling between the coil or coils to be energized and the detection coil or coils.
摘要:
This invention relates to the monitoring and diagnosing of nuclear power plants for its thermal performance using the NCV Method. Its applicability comprises any nuclear reactor such as used for research producing a useful output. Its greatest applicability lies with conventional Pressurized Water Reactor and Boiling Water Reactor nuclear plants generating an electric power. Its teachings of treating fission as an inertial process, a phenomena which is self-contained following incident neutron capture, allows the determination of an absolute neutron flux. This process is best treated by Second Law principles producing a total fission exergy. This invention also applies to the design of fusion thermal systems regards the determination of its Second Law viability and absolute plasma flux.
摘要:
The present disclosure relates to a narrow slit channel visualization experimental device and method under a six-degree-of-freedom motion condition. The system comprises a six-degree-of-freedom motion simulation platform, a main circulation loop, a cooling water system, an electric heating system and a bubble monitoring system, wherein the main circulation loop is composed of an S-shaped preheater, a three-surface visualization experimental section, a double-pipe condenser, a pressurizing circulating pump, a voltage stabilizer and related equipment, wherein the cooling water system is composed of the double-pipe condenser, a plate heat exchanger, a cooling tower, a cooling fan, a cooling water tank and related equipment, wherein the electric heating system is composed of a direct-current power supply, a low-voltage power controller and a transformer, and wherein the bubble monitoring system is composed of two high-speed cameras, a PIV measuring system and an electric servo module.
摘要:
A detection apparatus is a flow and temperature measuring device in the form of a tube having a channel positioned parallel to a coolant flow stream and contains a drogue that is firmly attached to a mount within the channel. The mount has a load detection apparatus firmly imbedded near the flow inlet to the tube. The drogue has at least neutral buoyancy in the fluid at the minimum fluid temperature of interest. A change in the buoyancy of the drogue as a function of temperature and a corresponding change in the strain detection apparatus output in the fluid is determined by a combination of simple physics and calibration measurements. The relationship between changes in strain detection apparatus signal output and flow-rate-induced forces applied to the drogue surface are also determined using a combination of simple physics and calibration measurements. A system and method are also described.
摘要:
The apparatus includes a flowmeter coupled a surface exposed to a flow channel. The flowmeter monitors a flow of coolant. The flowmeter includes a first temperature sensor that generates first temperature data based on measuring a first temperature of a first flowstream, a heating element coupled to the first temperature sensor where the heating element applies heat to the first temperature sensor through an interface, a second temperature sensor generates second temperature data based on measuring a second temperature of a second flowstream, the second temperature sensor being spaced apart from the heating element, and the second temperature sensor being at least partially insulated from the heating element so the second temperature data generated by the second temperature sensor is independent of heat generated by the heating element. A processor calculates a flowrate of the coolant based on the second temperature data and a temperature of the coolant fluid.
摘要:
A detection apparatus is a flow and temperature measuring device in the form of a tube having a channel positioned parallel to a coolant flow stream and contains a drogue that is firmly attached to a mount within the channel. The mount has a load detection apparatus firmly imbedded near the flow inlet to the tube. The drogue has at least neutral buoyancy in the fluid at the minimum fluid temperature of interest. A change in the buoyancy of the drogue as a function of temperature and a corresponding change in the strain detection apparatus output in the fluid is determined by a combination of simple physics and calibration measurements. The relationship between changes in strain detection apparatus signal output and flow-rate-induced forces applied to the drogue surface are also determined using a combination of simple physics and calibration measurements. A system and method are also described.
摘要:
A system for measuring flow rate within a volume includes one or more transmission devices that transmit one or more signals through fluid contained within the volume. The volume may be bounded, at least in part, by an outer structure and by an object at least partially contained within the outer structure. A transmission device located at a first location of the outer structure transmits a first signal to a second location of the outer structure. A second signal is transmitted through the fluid from the second location to a third location of the outer structure. The flow rate of the fluid within the volume may be determined based, at least in part, on the time of flight of both the first signal and the second signal.
摘要:
A core differential pressure and liquid control line apparatus for a nuclear reactor is described. The apparatus includes a first portion configured to be positioned within and extend through an opening in the pressure vessel wall. At least the first tube portion has a diameter less than the diameter of the opening in the pressure vessel wall. An annulus is formed between the exterior surface of the first tube portion and the pressure vessel wall so that a neutron absorbent can be injected into the pressure vessel at the location of the annulus. The apparatus further includes a second L-shaped tube portion configured to be coupled to the first tube portion, and a third tube portion configured to be coupled to the second tube portion. The open end of the third tube portion extends to an elevation above the core plate.
摘要:
In an apparatus including a fluid circulation unit for allowing a fluid in a container to be circulated along a passage in the container, a flow rate measuring apparatus includes a rotational speed transducer for detecting the rotational speed of a motor for driving the fluid circulation unit and a pipe network model calculator for receiving a rotational speed signal from the rotational speed transducer. The model calculator has an initially programmed pipe network model corresponding to flows in the container and calculates the flow rate at a corresponding location of the model with the rotational speed of the circulation unit replaced by constants of the model and hence calculates a flow rate of the fluid at that location in a real passage.