RAMSEY-BORDÉ ION FREQUENCY-REFERENCE APPARATUS, AND METHODS OF MAKING AND USING THE SAME

    公开(公告)号:US20230076629A1

    公开(公告)日:2023-03-09

    申请号:US17576897

    申请日:2022-01-14

    Abstract: In some variations, an interferometric frequency-reference apparatus comprises: an atom source configured to supply neutral atoms to be ionized; an ionizer configured to excite the neutral atoms to form ionized atoms; an ion collimator configured to form a collimated beam of the ionized atoms; probe lasers; and a Doppler laser configured to determine a ground-state population of the ionized atoms, wherein the atom source, the ionizer, and the ion collimator are disposed within a vacuum chamber. Other variations provide a method of creating a stable frequency reference, comprising: forming ionized atoms from an atomic vapor; forming a collimated beam of ionized atoms; illuminating ionized atoms with first and second probe lasers; adjusting the frequencies of the first probe and second probe lasers using Ramsey spectroscopy to an S→D transition of ionized atoms; and determining a ground-state population of the ionized atoms with another laser.

    Multiplexing sample-and-hold circuit

    公开(公告)号:US11588482B1

    公开(公告)日:2023-02-21

    申请号:US17516582

    申请日:2021-11-01

    Abstract: A signal processing circuit. In some embodiments, the signal processing circuit includes a first sample and hold circuit and a second sample and hold circuit. The first sample and hold circuit may include: a hold capacitor; an input switch connected between a common input node and the hold capacitor; a signal path amplifier having an input connected to the hold capacitor; and an output switch connected between an output of the signal path amplifier and a common output node. An input of a voltage feedback amplifier may be connected to the hold capacitor, and an output of the voltage feedback amplifier may be operatively coupled to an internal node of the input switch.

    Broadband antenna matching network employing energy recovery schemes

    公开(公告)号:US11569684B1

    公开(公告)日:2023-01-31

    申请号:US16867411

    申请日:2020-05-05

    Abstract: An energy conversion device disposed in series with an RF driver circuit and an RF antenna, the energy conversion device being arranged to convert a portion of available RF power from the RF driver circuit into a different form of energy (direct current, thermal, or higher frequency electromagnetic waves such as light) which is converted, if needed, to DC and stored in an energy storage device coupled with the RF driver circuit for supplying recycled electrical energy thereto. The RF antenna may be an electrically small antenna and thus a antenna matching network may be provided between the RF driver circuit and the RF antenna. The energy conversion device may comprise, for example, (i) a transformer in combination with a rectifying circuit, (ii) a full wave rectifier, (iii) a half wave rectifier, (iv) a heat and/or light producing device, an energy converter (such as a generator) or a combination of the foregoing.

    Vertical diamond MOSFET and method of making the same

    公开(公告)号:US11569375B2

    公开(公告)日:2023-01-31

    申请号:US16851378

    申请日:2020-04-17

    Inventor: Biqin Huang

    Abstract: A vertical field-effect transistor (FET), comprising a first doped region of a first material, said first doped region having a first doping and being formed on a surface of a substrate, a second doped region of said first material, said second doped region having a second doping and being formed on the first doped region, and a third doped region of said first material, said third doped region having a third doping and being formed on the second doped region, wherein the first doped region has a first width along a first direction parallel to said surface of the substrate, the second doped region has a second width along said first direction, the third doped region has a third width along said first direction, the second width being smaller than the first and third widths.

    Femto-tesla MEMS RF antenna with integrated flux concentrator

    公开(公告)号:US11563420B1

    公开(公告)日:2023-01-24

    申请号:US16775242

    申请日:2020-01-28

    Abstract: A RF antenna or sensor has a substrate, a resonator operable at UHF disposed on the substrate, the resonator preferably having a quartz bar or body with electrodes disposed on opposing major surfaces thereof and with a magnetostrictive material disposed on or covering at least one of the electrodes. A pair of trapezoidal, triangular or wing shaped high permeability pole pieces preferably supported by that substrate are disposed confronting the resonator, one of the pair being disposed one side of the resonator and the other one of the pair being disposed on an opposing side of said resonator, the pair of high permeability pole pieces being spaced apart by a gap G, the resonator being disposed within that gap G. The size of gap G is preferably less than 100 μm.

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