公开(公告)号：US4172433A

公开(公告)日：1979-10-30

申请号：US638021

申请日：1975-12-05

申请人： Valerio Bianchi ,  Reinhard Latsch ,  Ernst Linder ,  Gerhard Kistner ,  Helmut Maurer ,  Herbert Schindler

发明人： Valerio Bianchi ,  Reinhard Latsch ,  Ernst Linder ,  Gerhard Kistner ,  Helmut Maurer ,  Herbert Schindler

IPC分类号： F02D41/34 ,  F02D35/00 ,  F02D41/00 ,  F02D41/04 ,  F02D41/14 ,  F02D41/40 ,  F02B3/00

CPC分类号： F02D41/1498 ,  F02D41/1487 ,  F02D2200/1015

摘要： A fuel metering system of an internal combustion engine is regulated by a data processor which has stored data prescribing the proper amount of fuel to be metered out for particular positions of the throttle valve and for particular values of the engine rpm. This preliminary adjustment is further refined by providing the data processor with feedback data concerning actual engine operating parameters, e.g. the exhaust gas composition, engine speed fluctuation and temperature. The feedback data is used by the data processor to override and further adjust the fuel quantity metered out to the engine.

摘要翻译： 内燃机的燃料计量系统由数据处理器调节，数据处理器已经存储了规定要计量的适当量的燃料以便节流阀的特定位置和发动机转速的特定值的数据处理器。 通过向数据处理器提供关于实际发动机操作参数的反馈数据，例如， 排气组成，发动机转速波动和温度。 数据处理器使用反馈数据来覆盖并进一步调整计量到发动机的燃油量。

公开(公告)号：US4412446A

公开(公告)日：1983-11-01

申请号：US344408

申请日：1982-02-01

申请人： Ernst Linder ,  Helmut Maurer ,  Klaus Muller ,  Helmut Reum

发明人： Ernst Linder ,  Helmut Maurer ,  Klaus Muller ,  Helmut Reum

IPC分类号： G01J1/02 ,  F02B1/04 ,  G01L23/22 ,  H01T13/48

CPC分类号： H01T13/48 ,  G01L23/22 ,  F02B1/04

摘要： To provide for improved cleaning of an optical combustion sensor, particularly to determine knocking in an internal combustion (IC) engine, a pick-up element made of glass, glass-coated or covered metal or the like, and, for example, hollow inside and filled with a vaporizable and condensable medium to define a heat pipe, has a sensing end portion which is formed with a mushroom-shaped enlarged head (14). The unit may be combined with the functions of a spark plug by extending a conductor therethrough, making the pick-up of electrically conductive glass or ceramic, placing a metal foil or other conductor at the outside, separated from the metallic housing by an insulating sleeve or the like.

摘要翻译： 为了提供改进的光学燃烧传感器的清洁，特别是确定内燃（IC）发动机的敲击，由玻璃，玻璃涂覆或覆盖金属等制成的拾取元件，以及例如中空的内部 并且填充有可蒸发和可冷凝的介质以限定热管，具有形成有蘑菇形扩大头部（14）的感测端部。 该单元可以通过将导体延伸穿过其中而与火花塞的功能组合，使得导电玻璃或陶瓷的拾取，将金属箔或其它导体放置在外部，通过绝缘套与金属壳分离 或类似物。

公开(公告)号：US4393687A

公开(公告)日：1983-07-19

申请号：US214481

申请日：1980-12-09

申请人： Klaus Muller ,  Ernst Linder ,  Helmut Maurer

发明人： Klaus Muller ,  Ernst Linder ,  Helmut Maurer

IPC分类号： G01H9/00 ,  F02B3/06 ,  G01L23/16 ,  G01L23/22 ,  G01M15/10 ,  H01T13/48

CPC分类号： G01L23/16 ,  G01L23/22 ,  G01L23/221 ,  G01M15/10 ,  F02B3/06

摘要： The sensor arrangement to determine oscillations arising upon knocking of a combustion engine uses at least one optical receiver, known per se, in the combustion chamber, preferably a glass rod 12 or a light guide cable of glass fibers 20. The optical receivers are either integrated in the spark plug, or connected to a pre-chamber, or inserted in the cylinder head seal.

摘要翻译： 用于确定在内燃机爆震时产生的振荡的传感器装置使用至少一种本身已知的光学接收器，其在燃烧室中，优选地为玻璃纤维20的玻璃棒12或导光缆。光接收器或者是集成 在火花塞中，或连接到预制室，或插入气缸盖密封。

公开(公告)号：US4389373A

公开(公告)日：1983-06-21

申请号：US214718

申请日：1980-12-09

申请人： Ernst Linder ,  Klaus Muller ,  Helmut Maurer

发明人： Ernst Linder ,  Klaus Muller ,  Helmut Maurer

IPC分类号： G01N27/62 ,  G01N27/12

CPC分类号： G01N27/62

摘要： To guide gas to the electrode of a high temperature sensor, a substrate (1), for example of ceramic or ceramic-coated metal has electrodes (3, 4; 7, 8; 16, 17) applied thereto, for example in meander pattern, spaced from each other. A heater is applied to the substrate, either on the same side (FIGS. 2, 3) or on the backside (FIG. 1). Gas is guided to the electrodes by projecting ridges and posts (11, 12) to thereby prevent fouling of the electrodes by gas; the ridges and posts, additionally, can be protected by a cover (18) FIG. 3, thereover. The spacing 13 between the ridges and posts, and the cover, if provided, is so arranged that resonance chambers are formed which are resonant at the expected frequencies of, for example, engine knocking or unusual combustion conditions. Guiding the gas by the ridges and posts permits differential effects to be obtained by, selectively, polarizing the electrode to have the negative or positive electrode, respectively, adjacent the gas inlet to provide repulsion, or attraction effects on the gas, and thereby obtain either a differential pressure sensor, or sensor of maximum sensitivity.

摘要翻译： 为了将气体引导到高温传感器的电极，例如陶瓷或陶瓷涂覆金属的基板（1）具有施加到其上的电极（3,4; 7,8; 16,17），例如以曲折图案 ，彼此间隔开。 在同一侧（图2，图3）或背面（图1）上将基板加热到加热器。 通过突出脊和柱（11,12）将气体引导到电极，从而防止电极被气体污染; 此外，脊和柱可以被盖（18）保护。 3，在那里 脊和柱之间的间隔13和盖（如果设置的话）被布置成使得共振室形成在例如发动机敲击或异常燃烧条件的预期频率下共振。 通过脊和柱引导气体允许通过选择性地使电极极化以分别在气体入口附近具有负极或正极以提供排斥或对气体的吸引效果而获得差异效应，从而获得 差压传感器或最大灵敏度传感器。

公开(公告)号：US4347113A

公开(公告)日：1982-08-31

申请号：US133811

申请日：1980-03-25

申请人： Hermann Fischer ,  Karl-Hermann Friese ,  Hans-Ulrich Gruber ,  Wolfgang Heinemann ,  Gunter Knoll ,  Ernst Linder ,  Helmut Maurer ,  Rainer Noack ,  Leo Steinke ,  Lothar Weber ,  Helmut Weyl

发明人： Hermann Fischer ,  Karl-Hermann Friese ,  Hans-Ulrich Gruber ,  Wolfgang Heinemann ,  Gunter Knoll ,  Ernst Linder ,  Helmut Maurer ,  Rainer Noack ,  Leo Steinke ,  Lothar Weber ,  Helmut Weyl

IPC分类号： G01N27/409 ,  G01N27/407 ,  G01N27/413 ,  H01M4/88 ,  H01M8/12 ,  G01N27/58

CPC分类号： G01N27/4075 ,  G01N27/4078 ,  H01M4/881 ,  H01M4/8885 ,  H01M4/9066 ,  H01M8/1213 ,  H01M4/905 ,  Y02P70/56

摘要： To improve operation and output voltage, particularly at 400.degree. C. and less, an oxygen sensor, especially adapted to determine oxygen content of automotive exhaust gases, is constructed by utilizing two electrodes applied on a body of stabilized zirconium dioxide, for example a closed tube, by making an electrode exposed to the exhaust gases in form of a mixture of finely dispersed ceramic material and a platinum-rhodium alloy, the ceramic material being present at about 40% (by volume) and 60% (by volume) platinum-rhodium alloy of 50-94% platinum and 50-6% rhodium (by weight). The second electrode, exposed to a reference gas comprises an alloy of palladium and another noble metal in a ratio of about 19-90% (by weight) Pd and 81-10% (by weight) noble metal. This electrode may also contain up to 40% (by volume) finely dispersed ceramic material. The electrode exposed to the exhaust gases is covered with a porous coating. The electrodes can be applied as aqueous or organic solutions of soluble noble metal compounds or suspensions, colloidal suspensions, with organic solvents, and the like, and subsequent sintering.

摘要翻译： 为了提高操作和输出电压，特别是在400℃以下，特别适用于测定汽车废气氧含量的氧气传感器是通过利用施加在稳定二氧化锆体上的两个电极构成的，例如封闭的 通过使电极以细分散的陶瓷材料和铂 - 铑合金的混合物的形式暴露于废气，陶瓷材料以约40％（体积）和60％（体积）的铂 - 铑合金为50-94％铂和50-6％铑（重量）。 暴露于参考气体的第二电极包括钯和另一贵金属的合金，其比例为约19-90％（重量）的Pd和81-10％（重量）的贵金属。 该电极还可以含有高达40％（体积）的细分散的陶瓷材料。 暴露于废气的电极被多孔涂层覆盖。 电极可以作为可溶性贵金属化合物或悬浮液，胶体悬浮液，有机溶剂等的水溶液或有机溶液，以及随后的烧结。

公开(公告)号：US4474163A

公开(公告)日：1984-10-02

申请号：US421670

申请日：1982-09-22

申请人： Ernst Linder ,  Helmut Maurer

发明人： Ernst Linder ,  Helmut Maurer

IPC分类号： F02M29/06 ,  F02M29/00

CPC分类号： F02M29/06

摘要： An apertured shield is disclosed having spring tongues, pointing radially inwards, each of the tongues having two lateral limiting edges and a longitudinal extent terminating in an irregular edge all of which edges define together an aperture. Adjacent spring tongues are overlapped in an area on the limiting edges, and are connected together at the circumference of the shield by being flanged into a retainer ring. The apertured shield is disposed in close proximity to the injection valve to cause a turbulence with superimposed spin flow of the medium flowing into the combustion chamber of an internal combustion engine.

摘要翻译： 公开了一种多孔屏蔽件，其具有径向向内指向的弹簧舌片，每个舌片具有两个横向限制边缘和终止于不规则边缘的纵向范围，所有这些边缘均一起限定孔。 相邻的弹簧舌片在限制边缘的一个区域中重叠，并通过法兰连接到保持环中而在屏蔽体的圆周处连接在一起。 多孔屏蔽件靠近喷射阀设置，以引起流动到内燃机的燃烧室中的介质的叠加自旋流动的湍流。

公开(公告)号：US4422323A

公开(公告)日：1983-12-27

申请号：US341841

申请日：1982-01-22

申请人： Ernst Linder ,  Helmut Maurer ,  Klaus Muller

发明人： Ernst Linder ,  Helmut Maurer ,  Klaus Muller

IPC分类号： G01M15/04 ,  F02B3/06 ,  F02B77/08 ,  F02P17/12 ,  G01J1/02 ,  G01L23/22 ,  G01M15/10 ,  H01T13/48 ,  G01M15/00

CPC分类号： F02B77/085 ,  G01L23/22 ,  G01M15/10 ,  H01T13/48 ,  F02B3/06 ,  F02F2007/0092

摘要： To permit cleaning of the window of a combustion process sensor, a light pick-up element (12) is located in a housing holder (11) which is formed with a terminal flange (11b), seated against an extended flange (6) of a window structure (5) fitted in an opening (3) with a seating step (4) in the cylinder block of an internal combustion (IC) engine. A nut, or clamping plate, or similar attachment element holds the flanges of the window and of the housing against the abutment surface (4) in the cylinder block. To clean or replace the window (5), it is only necessary to disassemble the housing from the bore and thereby permit removal of the window therefrom, without requiring replacement of the light sensitive pick-up or components thereof as well.

摘要翻译： 为了允许清洁燃烧过程传感器的窗口，光拾取元件（12）位于壳体保持器（11）中，壳体保持器（11）形成有端子凸缘（11b），该端子凸缘（11b）抵靠在凸缘 窗口结构（5），其安装在具有在内燃机（IC）发动机的气缸体中的就座步骤（4）的开口（3）中。 螺母或夹紧板或类似的附接元件将窗口的凸缘和壳体的凸缘抵靠在气缸体中的邻接表面（4）上。 为了清洁或更换窗户（5），仅需要将壳体从孔中拆卸，从而允许从其移除窗户，而不需要更换光敏拾取器或其部件。

公开(公告)号：US4377086A

公开(公告)日：1983-03-22

申请号：US214720

申请日：1980-12-09

申请人： Ernst Linder ,  Klaus Muller ,  Helmut Maurer

发明人： Ernst Linder ,  Klaus Muller ,  Helmut Maurer

IPC分类号： G01H9/00 ,  F02F7/00 ,  F02P5/152 ,  F02P5/153 ,  G01H17/00 ,  G01M15/00 ,  G02B23/24 ,  G01L23/22

CPC分类号： G02B23/2476 ,  F02F7/006

摘要： For detecting oscillations occurring during knocking detonations in an internal combustion engine, optical detectors are located in the combustion chamber. In order to minimize the contamination of the window of the sensor system on the side of the combustion chamber, the surface of the window is provided with contours defining points and/or edges. In order to receive the largest amount of light, the window is so formed as to bulge into the combustion chamber and may be coated with a contamination-resistant layer.

摘要翻译： 为了检测在内燃机中敲击爆震期间发生的振荡，光学检测器位于燃烧室中。 为了最小化传感器系统在燃烧室一侧的窗口的污染，窗口的表面设置有限定点和/或边缘的轮廓。 为了接收最大量的光，窗口形成为凸起进入燃烧室，并且可以涂覆有抗污染层。

公开(公告)号：US4292158A

公开(公告)日：1981-09-29

申请号：US157303

申请日：1980-06-09

申请人： Klaus Muller ,  Helmut Maurer ,  Hermann Dietz ,  Karl-Hermann Friese ,  Wolfgang Leibfried ,  Gunther Stecher ,  Ernst Linder

发明人： Klaus Muller ,  Helmut Maurer ,  Hermann Dietz ,  Karl-Hermann Friese ,  Wolfgang Leibfried ,  Gunther Stecher ,  Ernst Linder

IPC分类号： G01N27/41 ,  G01N27/407 ,  G01N27/413 ,  G01N27/416 ,  G01N27/48 ,  G01N33/00 ,  G01N27/58

CPC分类号： G01N27/4075 ,  G01N27/4072 ,  G01N27/48 ,  G01N33/0011

摘要： To simplify manufacture and provide a polarographic sensor of high response speed, operating according to the current limiting principle, an oxygen molecule migration barrier is provided leading to the cathode by separating the cathode from the space where the gas to be tested exists by a wall through which a hole is provided which extends therethrough to a small space immediately above the cathode defined by support elements placed immediately on the cathode. The hole, or a plurality of holes, is so dimensioned that the diameter thereof, with respect to its length, is small, with diameters of between 0.01 to 0.06 mm and a length of at least about 1 mm being suitable.

摘要翻译： 为了简化制造并提供具有高响应速度的极谱传感器，根据电流限制原理进行操作，通过将阴极从被测试气体存在的空间通过壁穿过而分离出阴极，从而提供氧分子迁移屏障 其中提供了一个孔，其延伸穿过其中直接位于阴极正上方的支撑元件限定的阴极正上方的小空间。 孔或多个孔的尺寸被设计成使得其直径相对于其长度小，直径在0.01至0.06mm之间，长度至少约1mm是合适的。

公开(公告)号：US3948081A

公开(公告)日：1976-04-06

申请号：US496292

申请日：1974-08-09

申请人： Wolf Wessel ,  Ernst Linder ,  Helmut Maurer ,  Horst Neidhard

发明人： Wolf Wessel ,  Ernst Linder ,  Helmut Maurer ,  Horst Neidhard

IPC分类号： G01N27/409 ,  G01N27/406 ,  G01N31/04

CPC分类号： G01N27/4065

摘要： The output of an oxygen sensor is fed in parallel to the inputs of amplifiers having amplification in different portions of the sensor output range and having different gain. The amplifier outputs are combined in a summing circuit. The result is to smooth out the characteristic of the measurement and to produce a signal that can drive an indicator to provide a meaningful indication in terms of air number. The temperature of the oxygen sensor must be regulated or compensated for for good results.

摘要翻译： 氧传感器的输出与具有在传感器输出范围的不同部分具有放大并具有不同增益的放大器的输入端并联馈送。 放大器输出在加法电路中组合。 结果是平滑测量的特性并产生可以驱动指示器以提供关于空气数量的有意义的指示的信号。 必须调节或补偿氧气传感器的温度，以获得良好的效果。