摘要:
A developing roller for use in an image-forming apparatus, the roller including: a substrate; an elastic layer formed on the substrate; a primer layer formed on the elastic layer; and a surface-coating layer formed at the outermost surface, wherein the primer layer includes a conductive substance. A developing device is equipped with the developing roller.
摘要:
There is disclosed a heat exchanger tube for conducting refigerant in a heat exchanger. The inner surface of the tube has a convex portion having a broad tip and a plurality of inner fins. The area of the tip of the convex portion is larger than that of the tip of the inner fins. The height of the convex portion can be set at more than that of the inner fin. A heat exchanger according to the invention has a plurality of plate fins, each having a hole therein. Heat exchanger tubes pass through the holes of the plate fins. A method of manufacturing a heat exchanger comprises the steps of stacking a plurality of plate fins, each having a hole, with a predetermined space therebetween. Heat exchanger tubes are inserted through the holes. Then, the tubes are expanded to engage the plate fins. A refrigerating circuit utilizing a heat exchanger is also described.
摘要:
An air-conditioning apparatus forms a refrigerating cycle with a refrigerant heater and a compressor having two cylinders. The apparatus simultaneously carries out a refrigerant heating operation and a heat pump operation when a required heating capacity is high, and when the required heating capacity is low, only the heat pump operation. This operation technique helps reduce the size of the apparatus and expand a variable width of heating capacity. The apparatus also has a defrosting unit for defrosting an outdoor heat exchanger during the heat pump operation.
摘要:
A cleaning device for an intermediate transferring member, comprising:a first cleaning roller that is placed so as to rotate while being made in contact with a surface of the intermediate transferring member;a first bias-applying device that applies a bias voltage to the first cleaning roller;a second cleaning roller that is placed so as to rotate while being made in contact with the surface of the intermediate transferring member on a downstream side from the first cleaning roller in a surface-moving direction of the intermediate transferring member; anda second bias-applying device that applies a bias voltage having a polarity different from that of the bias voltage applied by the first bias-applying device to the second cleaning roller,wherein the first cleaning roller is a brush roller, andthe second cleaning roller is a foam roller having a foam layer on a surface thereof, with a cell wall face in the foam layer having an opening ratio in a range of 3% or more to 50% or less, andan image-forming apparatus equipped with said cleaning device for an intermediate transferring member.
摘要:
A tilting apparatus is provided which can make a moving section perform a tilting operation with stability or in which a moving section can exercise its functionality as expected, and an electronic apparatus equipped with the tilting apparatus is provided. In a tilting apparatus, with first and second tilting operations, one side of a first panel holder is angularly displaced with respect to the other side from a reference position. This can prevent the first panel holder from making any extra operation other than the first and second tilting operations with respect to a device body. Unlike any existing technology, in the invention, even when the first and second tilting operations are put into action, a first chassis is not displaced against the device body unless it is desired, e.g., displaced along front, and juts from the device body, thereby favorably leading to the operation with stability.
摘要:
An air conditioner employs a non-azeotropic refrigerant mixture without deteriorating the heat-exchange efficiency and air-conditioning capability of an indoor heat exchanger of the air conditioner. The indoor heat exchanger (3) has a fin on which a first path (33), a second path (34), and a third path (35) for passing the refrigerant mixture are arranged. The first path passes the refrigerant mixture from the leeward side toward the windward side of an air flow produced by an indoor fan (7), to form a counterflow of the refrigerant mixture against the air flow. The second path passes the refrigerant mixture from the windward side toward the leeward side of the air flow. Although the second path forms a parallel flow of the refrigerant mixture with respect to the air flow, it achieves moderate heat-exchange efficiency because the number of rows of piping on the leeward side is greater than that on the windward side and because the rows of piping do not overlap one another with respect to the air flow. The third path passes the refrigerant mixture from the windward side toward the leeward side and again from the windward side toward the leeward side of the air flow, to partly realize a counterflow of the refrigerant mixture against the air flow, to thereby improve the heat-exchange efficiency.
摘要:
Disclosed herein is an image pickup apparatus for a printed wiring board comprising a solid state image sensor whose light receiving surface is set to be opposed to the surface of the printed wiring board, a main illumination source arranged to satisfy the law of regular reflection on the surface of the printed wiring board with respect to the light receiving surface of the solid state image sensor and a subsidiary illumination source arranged not to satisfy the law of regular reflection with respect to the light receiving surface of the solid state image sensor thereby to supply the light receiving surface with scattering light by strias formed on copper patterns. The amount of regularly reflected light, which is changed depending on the strias formed on the copper patterns, is substantially compensated by the scattering light, so that the amounts of light received by the solid state image sensor relating to the copper patterns are made substantially constant regardless of the radiation pattern of the strias. In addition, the main and subsidiary illumination sources are formed by light emitting diodes thereby to attain technical and economical advantages.
摘要:
A method for scanning and recording a plurality of original pictures by a picture reproducing machine in which desired parts of said plurality of original pictures of different reproduction magnification are simultaneously input and scanned, and at least parts of the desired portions are stored into memory so that they may be output, scanned and recorded simultaneously with different magnifications.
摘要:
An apparatus for tracing and recording image lines includes a coordinate reader which detects coordinate values of an image to be traced; an image sensor which is movable in a plane relative to a table; a memory in which image signals detected by means of the sensor are written; and a central processing unit which controls the above elements of the apparatus. Trace data are obtained by means of the coordinate reader which detects coordinate values of the image lines. Then, the image is positioned on the table, where record data are obtained based on the trace data by means of the image sensor which generates image signals corresponding exactly to the image.
摘要:
A method for tracing an object such as an outline of a picture or a line image, wherein the object is sensed by a set of sensing elements arranged in an optical head moving along the object, to detect a position and a direction of the object, wherein the optical head is controlled to trace the object depending on the detected position and the direction of the object, and wherein the object is reproduced by reproduction means which is moved in synchronization with the optical head. Present invention improves this method by moving the optical head along portions of the object, which the sensing elements can discriminate hardly or not at all nor follow the object, according to line segment data which is predetermined and represent a plurality of points of coordinates.