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公开(公告)号：US09052447B2
公开(公告)日：2015-06-09
申请号：US13307298
申请日：2011-11-30
CPC分类号： G02B6/12007 , G02B6/124 , G02B6/126 , G02B6/2813 , G02B6/29326
摘要： An optical de-MUX includes a sub-wavelength grating that magnifies an input optical signal. In particular, along a direction perpendicular to a propagation direction of the optical signal, the sub-wavelength grating has a spatially varying effective index of refraction that is larger at a center of the sub-wavelength grating than at an edge of the sub-wavelength grating. Moreover, the optical de-MUX includes an optical device that images and diffracts the optical signal using a reflective geometry, and which provides different diffraction orders to output ports. For example, the optical device may include an echelle grating.
摘要翻译： 光学去MUX包括放大输入光信号的子波长光栅。 特别地，沿着与光信号的传播方向垂直的方向，亚波长光栅具有空间变化的有效折射率，其在亚波长光栅的中心处比在亚波长的边缘处更大 光栅。 此外，光学去MUX包括使用反射几何形状对光学信号进行成像和衍射并且向输出端口提供不同衍射级的光学装置。 例如，光学装置可以包括一个梯形光栅。
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公开(公告)号：US08873961B2
公开(公告)日：2014-10-28
申请号：US13205879
申请日：2011-08-09
申请人： Ying Luo , Xuezhe Zheng , Guoliang Li , Kannan Raj , Ashok V. Krishnamoorthy
发明人： Ying Luo , Xuezhe Zheng , Guoliang Li , Kannan Raj , Ashok V. Krishnamoorthy
CPC分类号： H04J14/02 , G02B6/29308 , G02B6/2931
摘要： An optical de-multiplexer (de-MUX) that includes an optical device that images and diffracts an optical signal using a reflective geometry is described, where a free spectral range (FSR) of the optical device associated with a given diffraction order abuts FSRs associated with adjacent diffraction orders. Moreover, the channel spacings within diffraction orders and between adjacent diffraction orders are equal to the predefined channel spacing associated with the optical signal. As a consequence, the optical device has a comb-filter output spectrum, which reduces a tuning energy of the optical device by eliminating spectral gaps between diffraction orders of the optical device.
摘要翻译： 描述了包括使用反射几何形状对光信号进行成像和衍射的光学装置的光学去多路复用器（de-MUX），其中与给定衍射级相关联的光学装置的自由光谱范围（FSR）与相关联的FSR相邻 具有相邻衍射级。 此外，衍射级之间和相邻衍射级之间的沟道间隔等于与光信号相关联的预定的沟道间隔。 因此，光学器件具有梳状滤波器输出光谱，其通过消除光学器件的衍射级之间的光谱间隙来减少光学器件的调谐能量。
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公开(公告)号：US08670671B2
公开(公告)日：2014-03-11
申请号：US13361866
申请日：2012-01-30
CPC分类号： H04J14/02 , H04B10/506 , H04J14/0221
摘要： An optical source includes a set of N light sources that provide a corresponding set of N optical signals having N carrier wavelengths. These optical signals are combined into a seed optical signal and transported to a substrate using an optical fiber. This substrate includes a set of K optical amplifiers that amplify the seed optical signal and provide a set of M output optical signals on a corresponding set of M output optical waveguides (where M is less than K). In this way, a total power of the set of M output optical signals may be significantly larger than that of the seed optical signal, thereby ensuring that a majority of a power efficiency of the optical source is associated with power efficiencies of the set of K optical amplifiers instead of power efficiencies of the set of N light sources.
摘要翻译： 光源包括一组N个光源，其提供具有N个载波波长的相应的一组N个光信号。 这些光信号被组合成种子光信号，并使用光纤传输到基板。 该衬底包括一组放大种子光信号的K个放大器，并在相应的一组M个输出光波导（其中M小于K）上提供一组M个输出光信号。 以这种方式，一组M个输出光信号的总功率可以显着大于种子光信号的总功率，从而确保光源的大部分功率效率与该组K的功率效率相关联 光放大器而不是N组光源的功率效率。
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公开(公告)号：US08548287B2
公开(公告)日：2013-10-01
申请号：US13293624
申请日：2011-11-10
申请人： Hiren D. Thacker , Xuezhe Zheng , Ivan Shubin , Kannan Raj , John E. Cunningham , Ashok V. Krishnamoorthy
发明人： Hiren D. Thacker , Xuezhe Zheng , Ivan Shubin , Kannan Raj , John E. Cunningham , Ashok V. Krishnamoorthy
IPC分类号： G02B6/12
CPC分类号： G02B6/26 , Y10T29/49826
摘要： In an MCM, an optical signal is conveyed by an optical waveguide disposed on a surface of a first substrate to an optical coupler having a vertical facet. This optical coupler has an optical mode that is different than the optical mode of the optical waveguide. For example, the spatial extent of the optical mode associated with the optical coupler may be larger, thereby reducing optical losses and sensitivity to alignment errors. Then, the optical signal is directly coupled from the vertical facet to a facing vertical facet of an identical optical coupler on another substrate, and the optical signal is conveyed in another optical waveguide disposed on the other substrate.
摘要翻译： 在MCM中，光信号由设置在第一基板的表面上的光波导传送到具有垂直面的光耦合器。 该光耦合器具有与光波导的光学模式不同的光学模式。 例如，与光耦合器相关联的光学模式的空间范围可能更大，从而减少光学损耗和对准误差的灵敏度。 然后，光信号从另一基板上的垂直面到同一光耦合器的面向垂直面直接耦合，并且光信号在设置在另一基板上的另一光波导中传送。
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公开(公告)号：US20130195446A1
公开(公告)日：2013-08-01
申请号：US13361873
申请日：2012-01-30
申请人： Xuezhe Zheng , Ying Luo , Guoliang Li , Ashok V. Krishnamoorthy
发明人： Xuezhe Zheng , Ying Luo , Guoliang Li , Ashok V. Krishnamoorthy
CPC分类号： H04J14/02 , G02B6/29308 , H04B10/506 , H04B10/572
摘要： An optical source uses feedback to maintain a substantially fixed spacing between adjacent wavelengths in a set of wavelengths in a wavelength comb output by the optical source. In particular, a set of light sources in the optical source provide optical signals having the set of wavelengths. Moreover, the optical signals are output at diffraction angles of an optical device in the optical source (such as an echelle grating), and optical detectors in the optical source determine optical metrics associated with the optical signals. Furthermore, control logic in the optical source provides control signals to the set of light sources based on the determined optical metrics.
摘要翻译： 光源使用反馈来维持由光源输出的波长梳输出中的一组波长中的相邻波长之间的基本上固定的间隔。 特别地，光源中的一组光源提供具有该组波长的光信号。 此外，光信号以光源（例如梯形光栅）中的光学装置的衍射角输出，并且光源中的光学检测器确定与光信号相关联的光学度量。 此外，光源中的控制逻辑基于所确定的光学量度向光源组提供控制信号。
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公开(公告)号：US08467632B2
公开(公告)日：2013-06-18
申请号：US12986062
申请日：2011-01-06
IPC分类号： G02F1/01
CPC分类号： G02F1/025 , G02F2001/0157
摘要： During operation of an electro-absorption modulator, an optical signal is conveyed, using an optical waveguide in the electro-absorption modulator, to a semiconductor layer that substantially fills a gap between two portions of the optical waveguide. Then, the optical signal is electro-absorption modulated by selectively applying a voltage to electrodes that produces an electric field, approximately perpendicular to the midline of the optical waveguide, in the semiconductor layer. These electrodes are coupled to the edges of the semiconductor layer at the periphery along the width of the semiconductor layer by intervening layers. Furthermore, the intervening layers include a material that has a lower index of refraction than the semiconductor layer, and a lower optical absorption than the electrodes.
摘要翻译： 在电吸收调制器的操作期间，使用电吸收调制器中的光波导将光信号传送到基本上填充光波导的两个部分之间的间隙的半导体层。 然后，通过选择性地向在半导体层中产生大致垂直于光波导的中线的电场的电极施加电压来对光信号进行电吸收调制。 这些电极通过中间层沿半导体层的宽度在周边连接到半导体层的边缘。 此外，中间层包括具有比半导体层低的折射率的材料，并且具有比电极更低的光学吸收。
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公开(公告)号：US20130039661A1
公开(公告)日：2013-02-14
申请号：US13205879
申请日：2011-08-09
申请人： Ying Luo , Xuezhe Zheng , Guoliang Li , Kannan Raj , Ashok V. Krishnamoorthy
发明人： Ying Luo , Xuezhe Zheng , Guoliang Li , Kannan Raj , Ashok V. Krishnamoorthy
CPC分类号： H04J14/02 , G02B6/29308 , G02B6/2931
摘要： An optical de-multiplexer (de-MUX) that includes an optical device that images and diffracts an optical signal using a reflective geometry is described, where a free spectral range (FSR) of the optical device associated with a given diffraction order abuts FSRs associated with adjacent diffraction orders. Moreover, the channel spacings within diffraction orders and between adjacent diffraction orders are equal to the predefined channel spacing associated with the optical signal. As a consequence, the optical device has a comb-filter output spectrum, which reduces a tuning energy of the optical device by eliminating spectral gaps between diffraction orders of the optical device.
摘要翻译： 描述了包括使用反射几何形状对光信号进行成像和衍射的光学装置的光学去多路复用器（de-MUX），其中与给定衍射级相关联的光学装置的自由光谱范围（FSR）与相关联的FSR相邻 具有相邻衍射级。 此外，衍射级之间和相邻衍射级之间的沟道间隔等于与光信号相关联的预定通道间隔。 因此，光学器件具有梳状滤波器输出光谱，其通过消除光学器件的衍射级之间的光谱间隙来减少光学器件的调谐能量。
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公开(公告)号：US20130016744A1
公开(公告)日：2013-01-17
申请号：US13182243
申请日：2011-07-13
申请人： Guoliang Li , Xuezhe Zheng , Ashok V. Krishnamoorthy , Ying Luo
发明人： Guoliang Li , Xuezhe Zheng , Ashok V. Krishnamoorthy , Ying Luo
IPC分类号： H01S3/10
CPC分类号： H01S5/1039 , B82Y20/00 , H01S5/026 , H01S5/0261 , H01S5/1025 , H01S5/1032 , H01S5/142 , H01S5/3412 , H01S2301/163
摘要： A laser source includes an optical cavity having a length exceeding a first predefined distance (such as 6 mm), where a wavelength spacing between optical modes associated with the optical cavity is less than a second predefined distance (such as 100 pm). Moreover, a gain medium in the laser source amplifies the optical signal. Furthermore, tunable-grating waveguides in the laser source, which are optically coupled to ends of the optical cavity, reflect a portion of the optical signal back into the optical cavity, and at least one of the tunable-grating waveguides transmits a remainder of the optical signal out of the optical cavity.
摘要翻译： 激光源包括具有超过第一预定距离（例如6mm）的长度的光学腔，其中与光腔相关联的光学模式之间的波长间隔小于第二预定距离（例如100μm）。 此外，激光源中的增益介质放大光信号。 此外，光学耦合到光学腔的端部的激光源中的可调光栅波导将光信号的一部分反射回到光腔中，并且至少一个可调谐光栅波导将剩余的 光信号出光腔。
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公开(公告)号：US08267583B2
公开(公告)日：2012-09-18
申请号：US12581709
申请日：2009-10-19
CPC分类号： G02B6/13 , G02B6/12002
摘要： A multi-chip module (MCM), which includes a three-dimensional (3D) stack of chips that are coupled using optical interconnects, is described. In this MCM, disposed on a first surface of a middle chip in the 3D stack, there are: a first optical coupler, an optical waveguide, which is coupled to the first optical coupler, and a second optical coupler, which is coupled to the optical waveguide. The first optical coupler redirects an optical signal from the optical waveguide to a first direction (which is not in the plane of the first surface), or from the first direction to the optical waveguide. Moreover, the second optical coupler redirects the optical signal from the optical waveguide to a second direction (which is not in the plane of the first surface), or from the second direction to the optical waveguide. Note that an optical path associated with the second direction passes through an opening in a substrate in the middle chip.
摘要翻译： 描述了包括使用光学互连耦合的三维（3D）芯片堆叠的多芯片模块（MCM）。 在该MCM中，设置在3D堆叠中的中间芯片的第一表面上，存在：耦合到第一光耦合器的第一光耦合器，光波导和耦合到第三光耦合器的第二光耦合器， 光波导。 第一光学耦合器将来自光波导的光信号重定向到第一方向（其不在第一表面的平面中）或从第一方向到光波导。 此外，第二光学耦合器将来自光波导的光信号重定向到第二方向（其不在第一表面的平面）或从第二方向到光波导。 注意，与第二方向相关联的光路通过中间芯片中的衬底中的开口。
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公开(公告)号：US08265433B2
公开(公告)日：2012-09-11
申请号：US12759781
申请日：2010-04-14
申请人： Xuezhe Zheng , Jin Yao , Ashok V. Krishnamoorthy
发明人： Xuezhe Zheng , Jin Yao , Ashok V. Krishnamoorthy
IPC分类号： G02B6/26
CPC分类号： G02B6/3508 , G02B6/3536 , G02B6/3546 , G02B6/356 , G02B6/357 , G02B6/3596
摘要： An optical switch is described that includes two optical waveguides, which are defined in a semiconductor layer, positioned proximate to an intermediate component, such as a micro-resonator or a directional coupler. Material underneath a portion of either or both optical waveguides is removed so that the portion of either or both optical waveguides is free standing, and a group of electrodes is proximate to the free-standing portion of either or both optical waveguides. During operation of the optical switch, a spacing-control circuit applies an electrical signal to the group of electrodes. An electrostatic force associated with the electrical signal modifies a spacing between the free-standing portion of either or both optical waveguides and the intermediate component, thereby substantially increasing optical coupling between either or both optical waveguides and the intermediate component to convey a broadband optical signal between the optical waveguides.
摘要翻译： 描述了一种光开关，其包括在半导体层中限定的两个光波导，其位于诸如微谐振器或定向耦合器之类的中间部件附近。 一个或两个光波导的一部分下方的材料被去除，使得光波导中的一个或两个或两个的一部分是自由站立的，并且一组电极接近任一个或两个光波导的独立部分。 在光开关的操作期间，间隔控制电路将电信号施加到该组电极。 与电信号相关联的静电力改变光波导中的一个或两个的独立部分与中间部件之间的间隔，从而基本上增加光波导和中间部件之间的光耦合，以便在两个光波导和中间部件之间传送宽带光信号 光波导。
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