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公开(公告)号：US4205962A
公开(公告)日：1980-06-03
申请号：US955544
申请日：1978-10-27
IPC分类号： B01D3/06 , B01D12/00 , C01B3/36 , C01B3/52 , C02F1/04 , C02F1/26 , C10B27/00 , C10J3/46 , C10J3/00 , C01B2/14
CPC分类号： C10J3/485 , B01D12/00 , B01D3/06 , C01B3/36 , C01B3/52 , C02F1/048 , C02F1/26 , C10J3/74 , C10J3/78 , C10J3/84 , C10J3/845 , C10J3/86 , C10K1/101 , C01B2203/0415 , C01B2203/0465 , C01B2203/0475 , C01B2203/048 , C01B2203/0485 , C01B2203/049 , C01B2203/0495 , C10J2300/093 , C10J2300/0946 , C10J2300/0956 , C10J2300/0959 , C10J2300/0976 , C10J2300/1807 , C10J2300/1846 , C10J2300/1884 , C10J2300/1892
摘要： Dispersions comprising water and particulate solids i.e. carbon and ash are produced in at least one gas cooling or scrubbing zone by quench cooling or scrubbing, or both the raw gas stream from a partial oxidation gas generator with water. Advantageously, the water may be reclaimed by the subject process. In one embodiment, the carbon-water dispersion containing any ash is mixed with a liquid organic extractant and a liquid aqueous emulsion. The emulsion breaks up, and in a decanting operation a carbon-extractant-water dispersion containing gaseous impurities separates out and floats on a dilute bottoms water layer containing gaseous impurities and some solids. The carbon-extractant-water dispersion is mixed with a heavy liquid hydrocarbon and introduced into a distillation column. The overhead from the distillation column is cooled and separated in a separation vessel into an upper layer of liquid organic extractant, an intermediate layer of aqueous emulsion, a bottom layer of water, and an overhead stream of uncondensed gaseous impurities if any. The liquid aqueous emulsion and the liquid extractant are recycled to the decanting operation. The water layer from the separation vessel and the bottoms water from the decanting operation are separately introduced into a flash column where the water is reclaimed. The flash column includes at least one stripping plate and two chambers at the bottom separated by a weir. The overhead from the flash column is cooled below the dew point and is introduced into said separation vessel. In another scheme, the emulsion is mixed with the bottoms water from the decanting operation and fed to a flash column for reclaiming water. Alternately, the aqueous emulsion is broken-up into water and liquid hydrocarbon by heating.
摘要翻译： 包含水和颗粒固体（即碳和灰分）的分散体通过淬火冷却或洗涤或者来自部分氧化气体发生器的原料气体流与水在至少一个气体冷却或洗涤区中产生。 有利地，水可以通过主题过程回收。 在一个实施方案中，含有任何灰分的碳水分散体与液体有机萃取剂和液体水性乳液混合。 乳液分解，并且在倾析操作中，含有气态杂质的碳萃取剂 - 水分散体分离出来，漂浮在含有气态杂质和一些固体的稀的底部水层上。 将碳萃取剂 - 水分散体与重质液体烃混合并引入蒸馏塔。 来自蒸馏塔的塔顶馏出物在分离容器中被冷却并分离成液体有机萃取剂的上层，水性乳液的中间层，底部的水，以及未冷凝的气态杂质的顶部物流（如果有的话）。 将液体水性乳液和液体萃取剂再循环至倾析操作。 来自分离容器的水层和来自倾析操作的底部水分别引入闪蒸塔中，其中回收水。 闪蒸塔包括至少一个剥离板和在底部由堰隔开的两个室。 将闪蒸塔的塔顶馏出物冷却至低于露点并引入所述分离容器中。 在另一种方案中，将乳液与来自倾析操作的底部水混合，并送入闪蒸塔以回收水。 或者，水乳液通过加热分解成水和液体烃。
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公开(公告)号：US4166802A
公开(公告)日：1979-09-04
申请号：US897981
申请日：1978-04-20
CPC分类号： C10J3/00 , C10J3/485 , C10J3/78 , C10J3/845 , C10J2300/093 , C10J2300/0946 , C10J2300/0959 , C10J2300/0973 , C10J2300/0976 , C10J2300/1846 , Y10S48/07
摘要： Low quality solid fuels are gasified by being fed to a gasifier in a concentrated water slurry, the high solids content of the slurry being possible by subjecting the solid fuel to hydrothermal treatment in the product gas quench zone.
摘要翻译： 低质量的固体燃料通过以浓缩水浆料送入气化器而被气化，浆料的高固体含量可以通过使固体燃料在产物气体淬火区域进行水热处理。
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公开(公告)号：US4014786A
公开(公告)日：1977-03-29
申请号：US621704
申请日：1975-10-14
申请人： Clyde E. Potter , George N. Richter
发明人： Clyde E. Potter , George N. Richter
IPC分类号： B01D17/025 , B01D11/04 , B01D12/00 , B01D17/00 , B01D17/02 , B01D21/02 , B01J19/00 , C01B3/36 , C10K1/16 , B01D43/00
摘要： This is a process and apparatus for continuously separating a liquid mixture comprising particulate carbon produced by the partial oxidation of a hydrocarbonaceous fuel, water, and liquid organic extractant into two separate immiscible streams i.e. a stream of particulate carbon-liquid organic extractant dispersion and a separate stream of clarified water. The subject apparatus may be referred to as a carbon decanter and comprises a closed pressure vessel whose horizontal cross-section is circular. Thus, the decanter may be shaped like a vertical cylinder or may be spherical shaped with discharge ports in the top and bottom. The liquid mixture of particulate carbon, water, and liquid organic extractant is charged into said vessel by way of a conduit which terminates at a position within the vessel along the vertical axis about 1/4 to 3/4 of the vessel height and below the interface level which is formed in said vessel when the two immiscible liquids separate by gravity with the water forming a pool at the bottom of the vessel. Alternately, the decanter may be charged through two concentric pipes. A horizontal radial nozzle terminates each pipe. By this means the aforesaid mixture of immiscible liquids may be introduced into the decanter by way of an annular passage located between said pipes. Further, simultaneously a separate stream of liquid organic extractant may be passed through the center pipe and discharged adjacent to the interface level. The dispersion of particulate carbon-liquid organic extractant separates from the water and may be removed by way of the top port as a continuous stream. Simultaneously a continuous stream of clarified water may be removed from the bottom port.
摘要翻译： 这是一种用于将含有由烃类燃料，水和液体有机萃取剂的部分氧化产生的颗粒状碳的液体混合物连续分离成两个单独的不混溶的流，即颗粒状碳 - 液体有机萃取剂分散体流和单独的 澄清水流。 该主体装置可以称为碳滗析器，并且包括水平横截面为圆形的封闭压力容器。 因此，滗水器可以形状为垂直圆柱体，或者可以是球形，其顶部和底部具有排出口。 将颗粒碳，水和液体有机萃取剂的液体混合物通过导管装入所述容器中，导管在垂直轴线处终止于容器内的位置，约为容器高度的1/4至3/4，并且低于 当两个不混溶液体通过重力分离时，在所述容器中形成的界面水平，其中水在容器底部形成池。 或者，滗析器可以通过两个同心管装料。 水平径向喷嘴终止每个管道。 通过这种方式，上述不混溶液体的混合物可以通过位于所述管道之间的环形通道引入滗析器中。 此外，同时可以将单独的液体有机萃取剂流通过中心管并邻近界面层排出。 颗粒状碳 - 液体有机萃取剂的分散体与水分离，可通过顶端口作为连续流除去。 同时，可以从底部端口移除连续的净化水流。
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公开(公告)号：US4007017A
公开(公告)日：1977-02-08
申请号：US643069
申请日：1975-12-22
CPC分类号： C01B3/50 , C01B3/36 , C10J3/485 , C10J3/74 , C10J3/78 , C10J3/84 , C10K1/04 , C10K1/10 , C01B2203/049 , C10J2300/093 , C10J2300/0943 , C10J2300/0946 , C10J2300/0956 , C10J2300/0959 , C10J2300/1675 , C10J2300/1807 , C10J2300/1846 , C10J2300/1884 , C10J2300/1892
摘要： An improved continuous partial oxidation process for producing clean synthesis or fuel gas from a hydrocarbonaceous fuel feed is disclosed wherein the effluent gas stream from the reaction zone of the gas generator is simultaneously cooled and cleaned by first discharging the gas stream directly into a relatively large body of hot liquid hydrocarbon immersion fluid contained in an immersion vessel, and second by scrubbing with by-product water obtained subsequently in the process in a nozzle scrubber. The process gas stream is optionally cooled and passed into a gas-liquid separator where any condensed by-product noxious water and any C.sub.5 -C.sub.10 liquid hydrocarbons are separated from each other and from the clean product gas stream. By-product noxious water is disposed of without polluting the environment by recycling a portion of it to the gas generator as the temperature moderator. For example, the immersion fluid may be a dispersion of liquid hydrocarbonaceous fuel such as petroleum oil and particulate carbon which is contained in a separate immersion vessel. A portion of the hot immersion fluid is continuously removed from the immersion vessel and is cooled in an external gas cooler to a temperature in the range of about 300.degree. to 850.degree. F but above the dew point of the water in the process gas stream. Portions of the cooled immersion fluid are recycled to the immersion vessel, and optionally to the gas generator as at least a portion of the hydrocarbonaceous fuel feed. In another embodiment, a portion of the immersion fluid removed from the immersion vessel may be introduced into the gas generator as at least a portion of the feed without first being passed through a cooler. The clean product gas comprises H.sub.2, CO, CO.sub.2, H.sub.2 O and, optionally at least one material from the group H.sub.2 S, COS, N.sub.2, A, and C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 hydrocarbons.
摘要翻译： 公开了一种用于从烃类燃料进料中产生清洁合成或燃料气体的改进的连续部分氧化方法，其中来自气体发生器的反应区的流出气体流同时被冷却和清洁，首先将气流直接排放到相对大的体内 包含在浸没容器中的热液体烃浸液，其次通过在喷嘴洗涤器中随后在该方法中获得的副产物水进行洗涤。 任选地将工艺气流冷却并进入气液分离器，其中任何冷凝的副产物有害水和任何C5-C10液体烃彼此分离，并且与清洁产物气流分离。 通过将副产物的一部分再循环到作为温度调节剂的气体发生器中，副产物有害水被处理而不污染环境。 例如，浸渍流体可以是液体烃类燃料如石油和分散在容器中的颗粒状碳的分散体。 热浸液体的一部分从浸没容器中连续地取出，并在外部气体冷却器中冷却至约300-850°F，但高于工艺气体流中的水的露点。 冷却的浸没流体的一部分被再循环到浸没容器中，并且任选地再循环到作为含烃燃料进料的至少一部分的气体发生器。 在另一个实施例中，从浸没容器移除的浸渍流体的一部分可以作为进料的至少一部分被引入到气体发生器中，而不首先通过冷却器。 清洁产品气体包括H 2，CO，CO 2，H 2 O和任选的至少一种来自H 2 S，COS，N 2，A和C 1 -C 4烃的材料。
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