Abstract:
A process for preparing and recovering lactams by the so-called Beckmann rearrangement of the corresponding ketoximes in a sulfuric acid medium is disclosed, wherein the mixture of lactam and sulfuric acid medium obtained from the Beckmann rearrangement is mixed with an aqueous solution of ammonium sulfate obtained as a by-product in the synthesis of hydroxylammonium sulfate in the preparation of said ketoximes. The lactam is then extracted from the resulting less acidic solution and the remaining acid solution, comprising an aqueous solution of ammonium hydrogen sulfate, is thermally decomposed to produce recoverable sulphur dioxide. The process of this invention can be used in the production of lactams while avoiding the production of ammonium sulfate byproduct.
Abstract:
A PROCESS FOR PREPARING STABLE MELAMINE-FORMALDEHYDE RESIN SOLUTIONS HAVING IMPROVED PROPERTIES IS DISCLOSED WHEREIN AN AQUEOUS SOLUTION OF A WATER-SOLUBLE SILICATE IT PRESENT BEFORE, DURING OR AFTER THE CONDENSATION REACTION OF THE MELAMINE AND FORMALDEHYDE. THE RESULTING RESIN SOLUTIONS ARE SUITABLE FOR A VARIETY OF END USES WHEREIN MELAMINE-FORMALDEHYDE RESINS HAVE BEEN PREVIOUSLY USED, INCLUDING THE IMPREGNATION OF PAPER TO BE USED IN LAMINATES.
Abstract:
A PROCESS FOR RECOVERING AMMONIUM SULPHATE FROM AN AQUEOUS SOLUTION OF AMMONIUM SULPHATE AND METHIONINE IS DISCLOSED, WHEREIN THE AMMONIUM SULPHATE IS RECOVERED FROM THE SOLUTION BY CRYSTALLIZATION AT A WEIGHT RATIO OF METHIONINE/AMMONIUM SULPHATE OF BETWEEN 0.01 AND 0.3, AND AT A PH OF BETWEEN 0.2 AND 6. THE AMMONIUM SULPHATE RECOVERED BY THE CRYSTALLIZATION STEP CONTAINS LESS THAN 1% BY WEIGHT OF METHIONINE, AND IS IN A FORM SUITED FOR FERTILIZER PRODUCTION.
Abstract:
A PROCESS FOR PREPARING ASPARTIC AMINO ACID ESTERS IS DISCLOSED WHEREIN N-CARBOBENZOXY ASPARTIC ACID ANHYDRIDE, AN AMINO ACID ESTER SALT AND A BASE ARE REACTED TOGETHER PRODUCING N-CARBOBENZOXY ASPARTIC AMINO ACID ESTER. THE N-CARBOBENZOXY ASPARTIC AMINO ACID ESTER IS THEN HYDROGENATED IN THE PRESENCE OF A PALLADIUM CATALYST TO SPLIT THE N-CARBOBENZOXY GROUP FROM THE ASPARTIC AMINO ACID ESTER. THE ASPARTIC AMINO ACID ESTERS HAVE SWEETENING PROPERTIES AND CAN BE USED AS A SWEETENING AGENT. ALPHA AND BETA ASPARTIC AMINO ACIDS CAN BE PRODUCED.
Abstract:
HYDROXYL-TERMINATED POLYLACTONES CAN BE PREPARED IN A TWO-STEP PROCESS, THE FIRST STEP OF WHICH INCLUDES POLYMERIZING MONOMERIC LACTONE IN THE PRESENCE OF A CATALYST WITH THE SECOND STEP COMPRISING REACTIG THE RESULTING POLYLACTONE WITH A MODIFIED CONTAINING HYDROXYL AND/OR AMINO GROUPS IN THE PRESENCE OF A CATALYST. THE SECOND STEP CAN BE CARRIED OUT ON INDEPENDENTLY PRODUCED POLYLACTONES.
Abstract:
The invention relates to a process of preparing a lightweight granular aggregate for use in concrete objects and structures, by an intimately mixing a clayey material with materials that help to reduce the weight, granulating this mixture and then heating the granules at least to the temperature at which their mass expands. Use is made of a combination of two known auxiliary materials, the first being a porous inorganic material with open pores, added in an amount of 10-20 percent by volume with respect to the clayey material, and substantially having a grain size below 2 mm., and the second consisting of one or more substances that, upon heating, yield gaseous components at a temperature over 800* C. Use is made of a porous inorganic material having a softening temperature equal to or lower than that of the clayed material.
Abstract:
SCHIFF BASES DERIVED FROM BUTANONE AND AN ALIPHATIC PRIMARY AMINE ARE CATALYSTS IN THE PREPARATION OF A-MONOCYANOETHYLATED BUTANONE BY REACTING ACRYLONITRILE WITH AT LEAST AN EQUIMOLAR QUANTITY OF ACRYLONITRILE IN THE PRESENCE OF AN ACID. THE A-MONO-CYANOETHYLATED BUTANONES, SUCH AS 4-METHYL-5-OXOHEXANE NITRILE AND 5-OXOHEPTANE NITRILE ARE PRODUCED WITH ONLY MINOR AMOUNTS OF CONTAMINANT''S THAT ARE EASILY REMOVED. THE A-MONO-CYANOETHYLATED BUTANONES ARE USEFUL FOR THE PREPARATION OF DIAMINES, KETOCARBOXYLIC ACIDS OR KETO-AMIDES.
Abstract:
A process for synthesizing an oxime by reacting an organic carbonyl compound with a hydroxylammonium sulfate and ammonium hydrogen sulfate in the presence of ammonium dihydrogen phosphate whereby an aqueous solution of phosphoric acid and ammonium sulfate is obtained after separating the oxime product therefrom. The phosphoric acid, ammonium sulfate solution can be used in processing rock phosphate with the aid of nitric acid to product a fertilizer composition having a N to P2O5 ratio of approximately 1:1.
Abstract:
Hydroxylammonium salt solution prepared by catalytically reducing nitrate ions in aqueous solution using molecular hydrogen in a buffered reaction medium containing at least twice the number of sulphate ions as phosphate ions in which the ammonia produced as a by-product of the reaction is removed from the resulting solution as ammonium sulphate is disclosed.
Abstract:
A process for preparing a solution of hydroxylammonium phosphate which includes catalytic reduction of nitrate ions in an aqueous solution containing phosphoric acid using molecular hydrogen. In order to maintain the activity of the catalyst the phosphoric acid to be fed to the synthesis zone is first freed of heavy metal contaminants by contacting the phosphoric acid for a sufficient time with hydrogen and an absorbent consisting of a metal of the platinum group.