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公开(公告)号：US20080183244A1
公开(公告)日：2008-07-31
申请号：US12023907
申请日：2008-01-31
CPC分类号： A61N1/36046 , A61B3/1005 , A61B5/4836 , A61N1/0543
摘要： A visual prosthesis apparatus including a video capture device for capturing a video image, a video processing unit associated with the video capture device, the video processing unit configured to convert the video image to stimulation patterns, and a stimulation system configured to stimulate subject's neural tissue based on the stimulation patterns, wherein the stimulation system provides a span of visual angle matched to the subject's neural tissue being stimulated.
摘要翻译： 一种视觉假体装置，包括用于捕获视频图像的视频捕获装置，与视频捕获装置相关联的视频处理单元，被配置为将视频图像转换为刺激模式的视频处理单元，以及被配置为刺激受试者的神经组织的刺激系统 基于刺激模式，其中所述刺激系统提供与被刺激的对象的神经组织匹配的视角跨度。
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公开(公告)号：US20080125832A1
公开(公告)日：2008-05-29
申请号：US11952051
申请日：2007-12-06
申请人： Alan Matthew Horsager , Scott H. Greenwald , Mark S. Humayun , Matthew J. McMahon , Ione Fine , Robert J. Greenberg , Geoffrey M. Boynton
发明人： Alan Matthew Horsager , Scott H. Greenwald , Mark S. Humayun , Matthew J. McMahon , Ione Fine , Robert J. Greenberg , Geoffrey M. Boynton
IPC分类号： A61N1/04
CPC分类号： A61N1/36046
摘要： An apparatus and method for retinal stimulation are shown. The method comprises varied parameters, including frequency, pulse width, and pattern of pulse trains to determine a stimulation pattern and neural perception threshold, and creating a model based on the neural perception thresholds to optimize patterns of neural stimulation.
摘要翻译： 显示视网膜刺激的装置和方法。 该方法包括各种参数，包括频率，脉冲宽度和脉冲序列模式，以确定刺激模式和神经感知阈值，并创建基于神经感知阈值的模型以优化神经刺激模式。
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公开(公告)号：US10780272B2
公开(公告)日：2020-09-22
申请号：US13590011
申请日：2012-08-20
申请人： Matthew J. McMahon , Arup Roy , Scott Greenwald , Ione Fine , Alan Matthew Horsager , Avraham I. Caspi , Kelly Hobart McClure , Robert Jay Greenberg
发明人： Matthew J. McMahon , Arup Roy , Scott Greenwald , Ione Fine , Alan Matthew Horsager , Avraham I. Caspi , Kelly Hobart McClure , Robert Jay Greenberg
摘要： The present invention is a fitting system with a graphical interface with specific interface screens for specific functions. Methods and devices for fitting a visual prosthesis are described. In one of the methods, threshold levels and maximum levels for the electrodes of the prosthesis are determined and a map of brightness to electrode stimulation levels is later formed. A fitting system for a visual prosthesis is also discussed, together with a computer-operated system having a graphical user interface showing visual prosthesis diagnostic screens and visual prosthesis configuration screens.
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公开(公告)号：US09597495B2
公开(公告)日：2017-03-21
申请号：US13452300
申请日：2012-04-20
申请人： Robert J. Greenberg , Jone Fine , Arup Roy , Matthew J. McMahon , Mark S. Humayun , James David Welland , Alan M. Horsager , Dao Min Zhou , Amy Hines , Sumit Yadav , Rongqing Dai
发明人： Robert J. Greenberg , Jone Fine , Arup Roy , Matthew J. McMahon , Mark S. Humayun , James David Welland , Alan M. Horsager , Dao Min Zhou , Amy Hines , Sumit Yadav , Rongqing Dai
CPC分类号： A61N1/0543 , A61N1/36046 , A61N1/37247
摘要： The invention is a method of identifying a preferred location for an electrode array to the neural characteristics of an individual subject. The response to electrical neural stimulation varies from subject to subject and array location to array location. Measure of impedance may be used to predict the electrode height from the neural tissue and, thereby, predict the preferred location. Alternatively, electrode height may be measured directly to predict the preferred location.
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45.发明授权公开(公告)号：US09089701B2
公开(公告)日：2015-07-28
申请号：US12562022
申请日：2009-09-17
申请人： Chunhong Zhou , Avraham I. Caspi , Kelly H. McClure , Matthew J. McMahon , Arup Roy , Robert J. Greenberg
发明人： Chunhong Zhou , Avraham I. Caspi , Kelly H. McClure , Matthew J. McMahon , Arup Roy , Robert J. Greenberg
CPC分类号： A61N1/36046 , A61N1/0543
摘要： Techniques and functional electrical stimulation to eliminate discomfort during electrical stimulation of the retina are provided. According to a first technique, discomfort is eliminated through control of timing group assignment. According to a second technique, discomfort is eliminated through an edge detection method. According to a third technique, brightness clipping is used to eliminate discomfort. According to a fourth technique, direct reduction of current is obtained by scaling it down by a factor which is dependent on the sum of current in all electrodes. According to a fifth technique, the current being fed to each electrode is adjusted, by dividing it by a weighted sum of currents fed to the surrounding electrodes. According to a sixth technique, a method based on the current summation effect is used. According to a seventh technique, a large return electrode is used. According to an eighth technique, the return electrode is used for a pseudo-multi-polar stimulation.
摘要翻译： 提供了技术和功能性电刺激，以消除视网膜的电刺激期间的不适。 根据第一技术，通过控制定时组分配来消除不适。 根据第二技术，通过边缘检测方法消除不适。 根据第三种技术，使用亮度限制来消除不适。 根据第四种技术，电流的直接减小是通过将其缩小一个依赖于所有电极中的电流之和的因子来获得的。 根据第五种技术，通过将馈送给每个电极的电流除以被馈送到周围电极的电流的加权和来调节。 根据第六种技术，使用基于当前求和效应的方法。 根据第七种技术，使用大的返回电极。 根据第八技术，返回电极用于伪多极化刺激。
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公开(公告)号：US09072900B2
公开(公告)日：2015-07-07
申请号：US13094210
申请日：2011-04-26
IPC分类号： A61N1/36
CPC分类号： A61N1/36046 , A61N1/0543 , A61N1/3605 , A61N1/37235 , A61N1/37247 , G06K9/4661 , G06T7/0012
摘要： A visual prosthesis and a method of operating a visual prosthesis are disclosed. Neural stimulation through electrodes is controlled by spatial maps, where a grouped or random association is established between the data points of the acquired data and the electrodes. In this way distortions from the foveal pit and wiring mistakes in the implant can be corrected. Moreover, broken electrodes can be bypassed and a resolution limit can be tested, together with testing the benefit the patient receives from correct spatial mapping.
摘要翻译： 公开了视觉假体和操作视觉假体的方法。 通过电极的神经刺激由空间图控制，其中在所获取的数据的数据点和电极之间建立分组或随机关联。 这样可以纠正植入物中的中心凹凹坑和接线错误的变形。 此外，可以绕过破碎的电极，并且可以测试分辨率极限，以及测试患者从正确的空间映射获得的益处。
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公开(公告)号：US08712538B2
公开(公告)日：2014-04-29
申请号：US12789275
申请日：2010-05-27
IPC分类号： A61N1/00
CPC分类号： A61N1/36046 , Y10T29/49117
摘要： The present invention is a flexible circuit electrode array for stimulating neurons where the electrode are less than 20 μm in size and less than 60 μm apart. The array is preferably arranged in a hexagonal pattern to maximize electrode density, and longer in the horizontal direction to correspond to a normal visual scene. The array includes a polymer base layer, metal traces deposited on the polymer base layer, including electrodes suitable to stimulate neural tissue, and a polymer top layer deposited on the polymer base layer and the metal traces defining openings for the electrodes smaller than the electrodes to overlap the electrodes.
摘要翻译： 本发明是用于刺激电极尺寸小于20μm且小于60μm的神经元的柔性电路电极阵列。 阵列优选地以六边形图案布置以最大化电极密度，并且在水平方向上更长以对应于正常的视觉场景。 该阵列包括聚合物基底层，沉积在聚合物基底层上的金属迹线，包括适于刺激神经组织的电极，以及沉积在聚合物基底层上的聚合物顶层和限定小于电极的电极的开口的金属迹线 重叠电极。
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48.发明授权Fitting of brightness as a function of current amplitude in a visual prosthesis 有权在视觉假体中将亮度拟合为电流幅度的函数公开(公告)号：US08706244B2
公开(公告)日：2014-04-22
申请号：US12561025
申请日：2009-09-16
CPC分类号： A61N1/36046 , A61N1/0543
摘要： To accurately represent a visual scene a visual prosthesis must convey luminance information across a range of brightness levels. To do this, the brightness of phosphenes produced by an individual electrode should scale appropriately with luminance, and the same luminance should produce equivalently bright phosphenes across the entire electrode array. Given that the function relating current to brightness varies across electrodes, it is necessary to develop a fitting procedure that will permit brightness to be equated across an entire array. The current invention describes a method of performing a brightness fitting that normalizes brightness across electrodes. The method determines a set of parameters that are stored in the subjects Video Configuration File—the look-up table that converts the video camera input to stimulation profiles for each electrode. One electrode would be specified as the standard. Brightness rating would be carried out on that electrode so “rating” as a function of current amplitude was known for that electrode.
摘要翻译： 为了准确地表示视觉场景，视觉假体必须在亮度级别范围内传达亮度信息。 为了做到这一点，单个电极产生的磷光体的亮度应该用亮度适当地调节，并且相同的亮度应该在整个电极阵列上产生等同的亮的磷光体。 假设电流与亮度相关的功能在电极之间变化，则有必要开发一种拟合程序，这将允许整个阵列的亮度相等。 本发明描述了执行使电极之间的亮度标准化的亮度拟合的方法。 该方法确定存储在被摄体视频配置文件（将视频摄像机输入转换为每个电极的刺激曲线）的查找表中存储的一组参数。 一个电极将被指定为标准。 在该电极上将进行亮度等级，因此对于该电极已知作为电流幅度的函数的“额定值”。
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公开(公告)号：US08694111B2
公开(公告)日：2014-04-08
申请号：US13462646
申请日：2012-05-02
申请人： Arup Roy , Chunhong Zhou , Kelly H. McClure , Matthew J. McMahon , Avraham I. Caspi , Pishoy Maksy , Robert J. Greenberg
发明人： Arup Roy , Chunhong Zhou , Kelly H. McClure , Matthew J. McMahon , Avraham I. Caspi , Pishoy Maksy , Robert J. Greenberg
IPC分类号： A61N1/08
CPC分类号： A61N1/36046 , A61N1/0543 , A61N1/3605 , A61N1/37235 , A61N1/37247 , G06K9/4661 , G06T7/0012
摘要： A method of editing a video configuration file downloadable to or from a video processing unit of a fitting system for a visual prosthesis is shown. The visual prosthesis has a plurality of electrodes and the video configuration file defines mapping of a video signal captured from a camera of the visual prosthesis to an electrical signal for the electrodes. The editing controls a brightness map for an individual electrode or electrode groups, together with a temporal stimulation pattern to which an individual electrode or electrode groups are assigned. A related computer-operated system is also disclosed.
摘要翻译： 示出了编辑可下载到视觉假体的装配系统的视频处理单元的视频配置文件的方法。 视觉假体具有多个电极，并且视频配置文件定义从视觉假体的照相机捕获的视频信号到用于电极的电信号的映射。 编辑控制单个电极或电极组的亮度图，以及分配单个电极组的时间刺激图案。 还公开了一种相关的计算机操作系统。
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公开(公告)号：US08457753B2
公开(公告)日：2013-06-04
申请号：US11923820
申请日：2007-10-25
IPC分类号： A61N1/00
CPC分类号： A61N1/36046 , A61N1/0543
摘要： The present invention is a method of improving the contrast of electrical neural stimulation and expanding the dynamic range for brightness, and specifically a method of improving the contrast of an image supplied to the retina, or visual cortex, through a visual prosthesis. The background brightness for a blind subject is often not perfectly black, but a dark gray or brown. When stimulating visual neurons in the retina, low current stimulation tends to create a dark percept, the perception of a phosphene darker than the background brightness level perceived in the un-stimulated state. The human retina contains neurons that signal light increments (“on” cells) and neurons that signal light decrements (“off” cells). In a healthy retina, the on cells tend to fire in response to an increase in light above the background level, while the off cells tend to fire in response to a decrease in light below the background level.
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