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    Preparation of 5-methylbutyrolactone
    42.
    发明授权
    Preparation of 5-methylbutyrolactone 失效
    5-甲基丁酰胺的制备

    公开(公告)号：US5189182A

    公开(公告)日：1993-02-23

    申请号：US236199

    申请日：1988-08-25

    Applicant: Rudolf Kummer ,  Heinz-Walter Schneider ,  Werner Bertleff ,  Rolf Fischer ,  Uwe Vagt ,  Fritz Naeumann ,  Wolfgang Hoelderich ,  Matthias Schwarzmann

    Inventor： Rudolf Kummer ,  Heinz-Walter Schneider ,  Werner Bertleff ,  Rolf Fischer ,  Uwe Vagt ,  Fritz Naeumann ,  Wolfgang Hoelderich ,  Matthias Schwarzmann

    IPC: C07D315/00

    CPC classification number: C07D315/00

    Abstract: 5-Methylbutyrolactone is prepared by a process in which a pentenoic ester of the formula IX--CO.sub.2 R (I),where X is CH.sub.2 .dbd.CH--CH.sub.2 --CH.sub.2 --, CH.sub.3 --CH.dbd.CH--CH.sub.2 -- or CH.sub.3 --CH.sub.2 --CH.dbd.CH-- and R is alkyl, cycloalkyl, aralkyl or aryl, or a mixture of these esters is reacted with water at from 50.degree. to 350.degree. C. in the presence or absence of a diluenta) over a zeolite and/or phosphate catalyst orb) in the presence of from 0.01 to 0.25 mole of a sulfonic acid, a Lewis acid and/or a non-oxidizing mineral acid per mole of pentenoic ester or over from 0.1 to 40% by weight, based on the pentenoic ester, of a strongly acidic ion exchanger as a catalyst in a first stage, or the pentenoic ester of the formula I, where X and R have the stated meanings, is hydrolyzed in a first stage with the aid of a strongly acidic ion exchanger as a catalyst to give the pentenoic acid of the formula I, where R is hydrogen, and the resulting pentenoic acid is subjected to cyclization in a second stage in the presence of from 0.005 to 0.1 mole of a sulfonic acid, a Lewis acid or a non-oxidizing mineral acid per mole of pentenoic acid or over from 0.1 to 20% by weight, based on the pentenoic acid, of a strongly acidic ion exchanger at from 50.degree. to 350.degree. C.

    Abstract translation: 通过以下方法制备5-甲基丁内酯，其中式I X-CO 2 R（I）的戊烯酸酯，其中X为CH 2 = CH-CH 2 -CH 2 - ，CH 3 -CH = CH-CH 2 - 或CH 3 -CH 2 -CH = CH-和R是烷基，环烷基，芳烷基或芳基，或这些酯的混合物与水在50-350℃下在存在或不存在稀释剂a）的情况下与沸石和/或磷酸盐 催化剂或b）在0.01至0.25摩尔磺酸，路易斯酸和/或非氧化性无机酸/摩尔烯酸酯存在下或基于戊烯酸酯为0.1至40重量％ 的作为第一阶段的催化剂的强酸性离子交换剂或其中X和R具有所述含义的式I的戊烯酸在第一阶段中借助于强酸性离子交换剂作为 催化剂得到式I的戊烯酸，其中R是氢，所得戊烯酸在第二阶段中在0.005t的存在下进行环化 o 0.1摩尔磺酸，路易斯酸或非氧化性无机酸/摩尔烯酸，或超过0.1-20重量％，基于戊烯酸，强酸性离子交换剂为50〜 350℃

    Preparation of N-heterocycles
    44.
    发明授权
    Preparation of N-heterocycles 失效
    N-杂环的制备

    公开(公告)号：US4929733A

    公开(公告)日：1990-05-29

    申请号：US207861

    申请日：1988-06-17

    Applicant: Michael Hesse ,  Wolfgang Hoelderich ,  Matthias Schwarzmann

    Inventor： Michael Hesse ,  Wolfgang Hoelderich ,  Matthias Schwarzmann

    IPC: C07D209/08 ,  C07D295/023

    CPC classification number: C07D295/023 ,  C07D209/08 ,  Y02P20/582

    Abstract: N-heterocycles of the general formulae (I) and (II) ##STR1## where R.sup.1 and R.sup.4 to R.sup.9 are each hydrogen, alkyl, aryl, aralkyl, alkylaryl or cycloalkyl and R.sup.2 and R.sup.3 are each an alkyl, alkylaryl, substituted alkyl or cycloalkyl group, are prepared by a process in which an olefin of the formula (III) or (IV) ##STR2## where R.sup.2 to R.sup.9 have the above meanings, is reacted with NH.sub.3 or with a primary amine of the formula H.sub.2 NR.sup.1, where R.sup.1 has the above meanings, in the presence of a zeolite as a catalyst.

    Abstract translation: 通式（I）和（II）的N-杂环化合物其中R 1和R 4至R 9各自为氢，烷基，芳基，芳烷基，烷基芳基或环烷基，R 2和R 3各自为烷基，烷基芳基，取代的烷基或 环烷基的方法通过其中R 2至R 9具有上述含义的式（III）或（IV）的烯烃与NH 3或伯胺进行反应的方法制备 式H2NR1，其中R1具有上述含义，在作为催化剂的沸石存在下。

    Preparation of diamines
    45.
    发明授权
    Preparation of diamines 失效
    二胺的制备

    公开(公告)号：US4914241A

    公开(公告)日：1990-04-03

    申请号：US206755

    申请日：1988-06-15

    Applicant: Michael Hesse ,  Wolfgang Hoelderich ,  Matthias Schwarzmann

    Inventor： Michael Hesse ,  Wolfgang Hoelderich ,  Matthias Schwarzmann

    IPC: C07C209/60

    CPC classification number: C07C209/60 ,  Y02P20/582

    Abstract: Diamines of the formula ##STR1## where R.sup.1, R.sup.2 and R.sup.3 are each hydrogen, alkyl, aryl, alkoxy, aralkyl or cycloalkyl and X is a group of the formula(CR.sup.4 R.sup.5).sub.m (II)where R.sup.4 and R.sup.5 have the meanings given above for R.sup.1 and m is from 1 to 12, are prepared by a process in which a diamine of the formula ##STR2## where R.sup.1, R.sup.2 and X are the groups described above, is reacted with an olefin of the formula ##STR3## where R.sup.6 and R.sup.9 are each hydrogen or alkyl which is straight-chain in the .alpha.-position, in the presence of a zeolite as a catalyst.

    Abstract translation: 式（I）的二胺其中R 1，R 2和R 3各自为氢，烷基，芳基，烷氧基，芳烷基或环烷基，X为式（CR 4 R 5）m（II）的基团，其中R 4和R 5具有 对于R1和m给出的含义为1至12的方法通过以下方法制备：其中R1，R2和X为上述基团的式（III）的二胺与 式（VI）其中R 6和R 9各自为氢或在α位为直链的烷基，在作为催化剂的沸石存在下。

    Silver catalyst and a process for its preparation
    46.
    发明授权
    Silver catalyst and a process for its preparation 失效
    银催化剂及其制备方法

    公开(公告)号：US4829043A

    公开(公告)日：1989-05-09

    申请号：US134150

    申请日：1987-12-17

    Applicant: Karl-Heinz Boehning ,  Wolf D. Mross ,  Matthias Schwarzmann ,  Hans-Juergen Becker ,  Juergen Plueckhan ,  Klaus-Christian Renner

    Inventor： Karl-Heinz Boehning ,  Wolf D. Mross ,  Matthias Schwarzmann ,  Hans-Juergen Becker ,  Juergen Plueckhan ,  Klaus-Christian Renner

    IPC: B01J23/66 ,  C07D301/10

    CPC classification number: C07D301/10 ,  B01J23/66

    Abstract: A silver catalyst containing lithium and cesium as promoters for the direct oxidation of ethylene with oxygen to give ethylene oxide is applied to a porous carrier and essentially consists of .alpha.-alumina and contains certain amounts of soluble calcium, aluminum, potassium and sodium salts. The carrier has a BET surface area of from 0.4 to 0.8 m.sup.2 /g, a pore volume of not less than 0.45 ml/g, the pores being equally accessible to cold and warm water, a bulk density of less than 700 kg/m.sup.3 and a shape which, in the reactor, provides a geometrical surface area of not less than 600 m.sup.2 /m.sup.3, on which more than 13% by weight of silver are applied as active component and more than 115 kg of silver are available per m.sup.3 of reactor, and from 100 to 300 ppm by weight of lithium and from 200 to 600 ppm by weight of cesium are present as promoters. A process for the preparation of the silver catalyst and its use for the oxidation of ethylene are described.

    Abstract translation: 含有锂和铯作为用于直接氧化乙烯以产生环氧乙烷的促进剂的银催化剂被施加到多孔载体上，并且基本上由α-氧化铝组成并含有一定量的可溶性钙，铝，钾和钠盐。 载体的BET表面积为0.4至0.8m2 / g，孔体积不低于0.45ml / g，孔隙对于冷和热水均等可及，堆积密度小于700kg / m 3， 在反应器中，形成不小于600m 2 / m 3的几何表面积的形状，其上以13重量％以上的银作为活性组分，每立方米反应器可获得超过115kg的银 和100〜300重量ppm的锂和200〜600重量ppm的铯作为助催化剂存在。 描述了用于制备银催化剂的方法及其用于乙烯氧化的用途。

    Silver catalyst and its preparation
    47.
    发明授权
    Silver catalyst and its preparation 失效
    银催化剂及其制备

    公开(公告)号：US4740493A

    公开(公告)日：1988-04-26

    申请号：US889499

    申请日：1986-07-25

    Applicant: Karl-Heinz Boehning ,  Wolf D. Mross ,  Matthias Schwarzmann ,  Hans-Juergen Becker ,  Juergen Plueckhan ,  Klaus-Christian Renner

    Inventor： Karl-Heinz Boehning ,  Wolf D. Mross ,  Matthias Schwarzmann ,  Hans-Juergen Becker ,  Juergen Plueckhan ,  Klaus-Christian Renner

    IPC: B01J23/66 ,  C07D301/10 ,  B01J21/04 ,  B01J23/50

    CPC classification number: B01J23/66 ,  C07D301/10

    Abstract: A silver catalyst for the direct oxidation of ethylene with oxygen to give ethylene oxide is applied on a porous carrier and essentially consists of .alpha.-alumina and contains certain amounts of soluble calcium, aluminum, potassium and sodium salts. The carrier has a BET surface area of from 0.2 to 0.8 m.sup.2 /g, a pore volume of not less than 0.5 ml/g, the pores being equally accessible to cold and warm water, and a bulk density of less than 650 kg/m.sup.3, and has a shape which, in the reactor, provides a geometric surface area of not less than 600 m.sup.2 /m.sup.3, on which more than 13% by weight of silver are applied as the active component, more than 110 kg of silver being available per m.sup.3 of reactor.

    Abstract translation: 用于用氧直接氧化乙烯以产生环氧乙烷的银催化剂被施加到多孔载体上，并且基本上由α-氧化铝组成并含有一定量的可溶性钙，铝，钾和钠盐。 载体的BET表面积为0.2至0.8m2 / g，孔体积不小于0.5ml / g，孔隙对于冷和温水均等可及，并且堆积密度小于650kg / m 3 ，并且具有在反应器中提供不小于600m 2 / m 3的几何表面积的形状，其上施加超过13重量％的银作为活性组分，可获得超过110kg的银 每立方米反应堆。

    Preparation of C.sub.2 -C.sub.4 -olefins from methanol/dimethyl ether
    49.
    发明授权
    Preparation of C.sub.2 -C.sub.4 -olefins from methanol/dimethyl ether 失效
    从甲醇/二甲醚制备C 2 -C 4烯烃

    公开(公告)号：US4503281A

    公开(公告)日：1985-03-05

    申请号：US577762

    申请日：1984-02-07

    Applicant: Wolfgang Hoelderich ,  Wolf D. Mross ,  Matthias Schwarzmann

    Inventor： Wolfgang Hoelderich ,  Wolf D. Mross ,  Matthias Schwarzmann

    IPC: B01J29/86 ,  C07C1/20

    CPC classification number: B01J29/86 ,  C07C1/20 ,  C07C2529/86 ,  Y02P30/42

    Abstract: C.sub.2 -C.sub.4 -olefins are prepared by catalytic conversion of methanol and/or dimethyl ether in the presence of a zeolite catalyst at elevated temperatures, by a process in which the catalyst used is a pure borosilicate zeolite which has been tableted or extruded without a binder and treated with hydrofluoric acid and hydrochloric acid. The treatment of the catalyst with hydrofluoric acid is carried out using 0.001-1N HF, and that with hydrochloric acid is carried out using 3-25% strength acid. The time-on-stream of the catalyst is improved.

    Abstract translation: 通过在沸石催化剂存在下在高温下通过甲醇和/或二甲醚的催化转化制备C 2 -C 4 - 烯烃，其中使用的催化剂是纯硼硅酸盐沸石，其已被压片或挤出而没有粘合剂 并用氢氟酸和盐酸处理。 用氢氟酸处理催化剂使用0.001-1N HF进行催化剂，盐酸使用3-25％强度的酸进行。 提高了催化剂的时间流动性。

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