公开(公告)号：US5580725A

公开(公告)日：1996-12-03

申请号：US229548

申请日：1994-04-19

申请人： Todd R. Klaenhammer ,  Sylvain Moineau

发明人： Todd R. Klaenhammer ,  Sylvain Moineau

IPC分类号： C12N7/04 ,  C12N15/10 ,  C12N15/74 ,  C12Q1/70 ,  C12N15/63 ,  C12Q1/68

CPC分类号： C12N7/00 ,  C12N15/1034 ,  C12N15/746 ,  C12Q1/70 ,  C12N2795/10061

摘要： A process of identifying and disrupting bacterial DNA sequences that contribute to the evolution of new lytic bacteriophages is described. Vectors and recombinant bacteria for use in producing fermentative starter cultures and culture media resistant to the appearance of new phages, and methods of producing such vectors and recombinant bacteria, are described.

摘要翻译： 描述了鉴定和破坏有助于新溶解噬菌体进化的细菌DNA序列的过程。 描述了用于生产发酵起始培养物的载体和重组细菌以及对新噬菌体的出现有抗性的培养基，以及生产这种载体和重组细菌的方法。

公开(公告)号：US5139950A

公开(公告)日：1992-08-18

申请号：US532027

申请日：1990-06-01

申请人： Todd R. Klaenhammer ,  Rosemary B. Sanozky ,  Larry R. Steenson

发明人： Todd R. Klaenhammer ,  Rosemary B. Sanozky ,  Larry R. Steenson

IPC分类号： C07K14/315 ,  C12N1/21 ,  C12N15/52 ,  C12N15/74

CPC分类号： C07K14/315 ,  C12N15/52 ,  C12N15/746 ,  Y10S435/885

摘要： The present invention relates to the plasmid pTR2030 and derivatives thereof which confer phage resistance to group N streptococci. The invention further relates to microorganisms containing pTR2030 or a derivative thereof and to starter cultures containing the microorganisms.

摘要翻译： 本发明涉及赋予N链球菌抗性的质粒pTR2030及其衍生物。 本发明还涉及含有pTR2030或其衍生物和含有微生物的起始培养物的微生物。

公开(公告)号：US4931396A

公开(公告)日：1990-06-05

申请号：US256018

申请日：1988-10-11

申请人： Todd R. Klaenhammer ,  Rosemary B. Sanozky ,  Larry R. Steenson

发明人： Todd R. Klaenhammer ,  Rosemary B. Sanozky ,  Larry R. Steenson

IPC分类号： C07K14/315 ,  C12N1/21 ,  C12N15/52 ,  C12N15/74

CPC分类号： C12N15/746 ,  C07K14/315 ,  C12N15/52 ,  Y10S435/885

摘要： The present invention relates to the plasmid pTR2030 and derivatives thereof which confer phage resistance to group N streptococci. The invention further relates to microorganisms containing pTR2030 or a derivative thereof and to starter cultures containing the microorganisms.

摘要翻译： 本发明涉及赋予N链球菌抗性的质粒pTR2030及其衍生物。 本发明还涉及含有pTR2030或其衍生物和含有微生物的起始培养物的微生物。

公开(公告)号：US4666849A

公开(公告)日：1987-05-19

申请号：US539028

申请日：1983-10-04

申请人： Mark A. Daeschel ,  Roger F. McFeeters ,  Henry P. Fleming ,  Todd R. Klaenhammer ,  Rosemary B. Sanozky

发明人： Mark A. Daeschel ,  Roger F. McFeeters ,  Henry P. Fleming ,  Todd R. Klaenhammer ,  Rosemary B. Sanozky

IPC分类号： A23B7/10 ,  C12G1/022 ,  C12H1/00 ,  C12N1/20 ,  C12N15/00 ,  C12Q1/04

CPC分类号： C12R1/25 ,  A23B7/10 ,  C12G1/0203 ,  C12H1/006 ,  C12N1/20 ,  A23Y2220/67

摘要： Bloating of brine fermented cucumbers can be greatly reduced by using lactic acid bacteria which do not decarboxylate malic acid and therefore do not produce carbon dioxide during fermentation. Also, certain high acid wines can be improved by fermenting fruit with bacteria which do decarboxylate malic acid.A method has been discovered of differentiating between species of lactic acid bacteria which do and do not decarboxylate malic acid. This method comprises growing a lactic acid bacterium in a suitable malic acid-containing nutritive growth medium under conditions suitable for growth and monitoring the pH of the medium during growth. The pH will decrease only when a lactic acid bacterium is present which does not decarboxylate malic acid. When malic acid is decarboxylated, a proton is removed from the solution in accordance with the following equation: ##STR1## Therefore, the pH of the medium either remains the same by neutralizing lactic acid produced by the fermentation of the carbohydrate source or increases when insufficient lactic acid is present.The above method is particularly fast and easy for screening bacteria obtained from purposely mutated species of lactic acid bacteria. Many strains of bacteria can be tested together by streaking them on a single layer agar plate.

摘要翻译： 通过使用不脱苹果酸的乳酸菌，因此在发酵过程中不会产生二氧化碳，可以大大减少盐水发酵黄瓜的膨胀。 另外，通过用脱羧酸苹果酸的细菌发酵果实，可以提高某些高酸度葡萄酒。 已经发现了一种区分不分解苹果酸和不脱羧酸的乳酸菌种的方法。 该方法包括在合适的含苹果酸的营养生长培养基中在适于生长和监测生长期间培养基的pH的条件下生长乳酸菌。 仅当存在不脱苹果酸的乳酸菌时，pH值才会降低。 当苹果酸脱羧时，根据以下等式从溶液中除去质子：因此，通过中和碳水化合物发酵产生的乳酸，培养基的pH值保持不变 当存在乳酸不足时源或增加。 上述方法特别快速和容易地筛选从故意突变的乳酸菌种获得的细菌。 许多菌株可以通过在单层琼脂板上划线来一起测试。