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公开(公告)号：US5835866A
公开(公告)日：1998-11-10
申请号：US588906
申请日：1996-01-19
CPC分类号： G21F9/30
摘要： Ion exchange resins contaminated with a radioactive component are treated by exposing the contaminated ion exchange resins to a bound radio frequency electric field for uniformly heating them to drive off water. The dried ion exchange resins are then uniformly heated by a transversely uniform bound radio frequency electric field to a second higher temperature which chemically inactivates the functional groups of the ion exchange resins to destroy their hydrophilic property and convert them to a stabilized product for long-term safe storage.
摘要翻译： 被放射性成分污染的离子交换树脂通过将污染的离子交换树脂暴露于结合的射频电场来进行处理，以均匀加热它们以排出水。 然后将干燥的离子交换树脂通过横向均匀结合的射频电场均匀加热到第二较高温度，该第二较高温度化学灭活离子交换树脂的官能团以破坏它们的亲水性质并将其转化成稳定的产品长期 安全储存
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公开(公告)号：US5784530A
公开(公告)日：1998-07-21
申请号：US600671
申请日：1996-02-13
申请人： Jack E. Bridges
发明人： Jack E. Bridges
CPC分类号： E21B43/2401 , E21B36/04
摘要： An electrical heating system for enhancing production from an oil well, particularly an oil well of the kind commonly known as a horizontal well, the well including an initial well bore extending downwardly from the surface of the earth through one or more overburden formations and communicating with a producing well bore extending from the initial well bore into at least one oil producing formation. The producing well bore may or may not be truly horizontal The heating system includes an electrode array comprising a plurality of at least three tubular, electrically conductive heating electrodes extending through the producing well bore. Each electrode has a given length, usually two to three meters, and a smaller diameter D. The sum of the electrode lengths is substantially less than the length of the producing well bore. The electrodes are spaced from each other by isolation sections; the length of an isolation section is much greater than the electrode diameter D. The heating system further includes an electrical power delivery apparatus for energizing the electrodes with A.C. power, but with a phase displacement of at least 90.degree..
摘要翻译： 一种用于从油井，特别是通常称为水平井的油井提高生产的电加热系统，井包括从地球表面向下延伸通过一个或多个上覆岩层的初始井眼，并与 从初始井眼延伸到至少一个产油层的生产井眼。 生产井眼可能或可能不是真正的水平。加热系统包括电极阵列，其包括延伸穿过生产井眼的多个至少三个管状的导电加热电极。 每个电极具有给定长度，通常为2至3米，直径D较小。电极长度的总和远小于生产井眼的长度。 电极通过隔离部彼此间隔开; 隔离部分的长度比电极直径D大得多。加热系统还包括一个电力输送装置，用于用交流电来激励电极，但相移至少为90度。
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公开(公告)号：US5641423A
公开(公告)日：1997-06-24
申请号：US466088
申请日：1995-06-06
摘要： Infectious medical materials is rendered innocuous by heating heterogeneous medical materials having wet and dry portions with a radio frequency electric field. The medical materials are exposed to the radio frequency electric field in order to heat the medical waste. The medical waste may include sorted medical or veterinary waste which after heat treatment may be shredded and recycled.
摘要翻译： 通过用射频电场加热具有湿和干部分的异质医疗材料，使传染性医疗材料变得无害化。 医疗材料暴露于射频电场，以加热医疗废物。 医疗废物可能包括经过热处理后的分类医疗废物或兽医废物，可以切碎和回收利用。
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44.发明授权Apparatus for electrode heating of earth for recovery of subsurface volatiles and semi-volatiles 失效用于电极加热地球以回收地下挥发物和半挥发物的装置
公开(公告)号：US5621845A
公开(公告)日：1997-04-15
申请号：US444228
申请日：1995-05-18
CPC分类号： H05B3/60 , B09C1/062 , E21B36/04 , E21B43/2401 , H05B3/0004 , H05B3/03 , B09C2101/00 , E21B2043/0115
摘要： Improved methods and apparatus are disclosed for confining ohmic heating currents to a subsurface formation in the use of in situ ohmic heating for recovery of volatile and semi-volatile materials, such as hazardous waste, hydrocarbon-like materials, and valuable minerals having thermally responsive properties. Spacing between emplaced electrodes and the number of electrodes employed are controlled to cause coupling between electrodes for more uniform and higher temperature heating. Electrode designs are disclosed which suppress spurious earth currents which would heat other formations not of interest. Suppression of electrode end currents is accomplished by the use of distinct rings of insulation, control of the applied potential along the electrode, and injection or withdrawal of fluids at distinct locations along the electrode.
摘要翻译： 公开了改进的方法和装置，用于将欧姆加热电流限制在地下地层中，使用原位欧姆加热来回收挥发性和半挥发性材料，例如危险废物，烃类材料和具有热响应特性的有价值矿物 。 控制电极之间的间距和使用的电极数量，以使电极之间的耦合更均匀和更高温度的加热。 公开了电极设计，其抑制杂散的地电流，这将加热不感兴趣的其它地层。 电极端电流的抑制是通过使用不同的隔离环，沿电极的施加电位的控制，以及沿着电极的不同位置的流体的注入或取出而实现的。
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公开(公告)号：US5586213A
公开(公告)日：1996-12-17
申请号：US831768
申请日：1992-02-05
申请人： Jack E. Bridges , Guggilam C. Sresty , Harsh Dev , Richard Jambor
发明人： Jack E. Bridges , Guggilam C. Sresty , Harsh Dev , Richard Jambor
CPC分类号： H05B3/60 , B09C1/062 , E02D3/11 , E21B36/005 , E21B36/04 , E21B43/2401 , B09C2101/00
摘要： Ionic contact is established and maintained between electrodes and soil in ohmic heating of a subsurface formation for recovery of volatile and semi-volatile materials, such as hazardous waste, hydrocarbon-like materials, and valuable minerals having thermally responsive properties. A compressed, dry sponge is wrapped around an electrode, which is then inserted into a bore hole. A conductive liquid is added to the bore hole, causing the sponge to swell, creating a stable and substantial interface for the flow of heating currents.
摘要翻译： 离子接触在电极和土壤之间建立并保持在地下地层的欧姆加热中，用于回收挥发性和半挥发性物质，例如危险废物，烃类物质和具有热响应特性的有价矿物质。 将压缩的干燥海绵缠绕在电极上，然后将其插入钻孔中。 将导电液体添加到钻孔中，导致海绵膨胀，为加热电流的流动产生稳定和实质的界面。
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46.发明授权Method and apparatus for treating hazardous waste or other hydrocarbonaceous material 失效用于处理危险废物或其他含烃物质的方法和装置
公开(公告)号：US5487873A
公开(公告)日：1996-01-30
申请号：US335190
申请日：1994-11-07
CPC分类号： H05B6/78 , A61L11/00 , A61L2/08 , B09B3/00 , B09B3/0091 , B09C1/06 , A62D2203/10 , H05B2206/045 , H05B2206/046
摘要： Methods and apparatus for treating waste with radio frequency include a wall defining a radio frequency treatment chamber through which waste may be passed. A source of radio frequency energy energizes the radio frequency treatment chamber to heat the waste and drive off vapors therefrom leaving solid residue to be disposed of. A guard heater and/or insulation maintains the wall at substantially the same temperature as the waste being heated by the radio frequency to prevent vapors from condensing on the waste.
摘要翻译： 用无线电频率处理废物的方法和装置包括限定射频处理室的壁，废物可以通过该处理室通过。 无线电频率能量源激发射频处理室以加热废物并驱除其中的蒸气，从而使固体残余物被处理。 防护加热器和/或绝缘体将壁保持在与射频加热的废物基本相同的温度，以防止蒸汽冷凝在废物上。
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公开(公告)号：US5099918A
公开(公告)日：1992-03-31
申请号：US646514
申请日：1991-01-25
申请人： Jack E. Bridges , George T. Dubiel
发明人： Jack E. Bridges , George T. Dubiel
CPC分类号： E21B41/02 , E21B36/006 , E21B36/04 , E21B43/2401 , E21B47/06
摘要： Electrical power sources and systems for heating in or adjacent to an oil well or other mineral well, or for heating other earth media, each comprising an A.C. heating generator that generates an A.C. heating current at a selected heating frequency substantially different from the conventional 50/60 Hz frequency used by power companies; the heating generator may comprise an A.C. to D.C. converter for developing an intermediate D.C. output of predetermined amplitude from a conventional 50/60 Hz A.C. input, and a solid state switching circuit for repetitively sampling the D.C. output of the converter at the selected heating frequency, usually in a range of 0.01 Hz (or even lower) up to about 35 Hz. A heating rate control varies the energy content and the frequency of the A.C. output to suit well requirements. Each power source or system includes output connections for connecting the output of the heating generator to a normally inaccessible main heating electrode, usually located downhole in a well, and to a return electrode; most have the capability of including a very small controllable D.C. component in the output.
摘要翻译： 用于在油井或其他矿井中或邻近油井或其他矿井加热或用于加热其它地球介质的电源和系统，每个包括交流加热发电机，其以与传统的50 / 电力公司使用的60 Hz频率; 加热发电机可以包括AC-DC转换器，用于从常规的50/60Hz AC输入开发预定幅度的中间DC输出，以及固态切换电路，用于以选定的加热频率重复地对转换器的DC输出进行采样， 通常在0.01Hz（甚至更低）至35Hz的范围内。 加热速率控制可以改变交流输出的能量含量和频率，以适应良好的要求。 每个电源或系统包括用于将发电机的输出连接到通常位于井下的通常不可接近的主加热电极和返回电极的输出连接; 大多数都具有在输出中包含非常小的可控直流分量的能力。
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公开(公告)号：US5070533A
公开(公告)日：1991-12-03
申请号：US610080
申请日：1990-11-07
申请人： Jack E. Bridges , Thomas J. Bajzek , Kenneth E. Hofer , Homer L. Spencer , Larry G. Smith , Vincent R. Young
发明人： Jack E. Bridges , Thomas J. Bajzek , Kenneth E. Hofer , Homer L. Spencer , Larry G. Smith , Vincent R. Young
CPC分类号： E21B36/04 , H05B3/0004 , H05B3/03 , H05B2214/03
摘要： Electrical heating system for mineral wells, particularly oil wells, in which the reservoir or "pay zone" is heat stimulated or some well components (e.g., the tubing) are heated, or both, by electrical power supplied to a multi-perforate electrode have the operating efficiency enhanced by effectively terminating the heating electrode, at both its top and bottom, at a distance inwardly of the pay zone equal to at least three times the diameter of the well casing. In some systems the electrical power connection to the main heating electrode is made through a section of the production tubing of the well, with an electrical contactor interconnecting the tubing and the electrode in the level of the pay zone; these systems also provide electrical isolation, within critical height limits, for the production tubing and the pump rod. Delivery of electrical power downhole of the well may be accomplished through an electrical cable, which may or may not be appropriately armored. Specific electrode construction combine conductive and insulating materials to counteract galvanic corrosion while maintaining mechanical strength.
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公开(公告)号：US4919201A
公开(公告)日：1990-04-24
申请号：US322912
申请日：1989-03-14
CPC分类号： C23F13/04 , E21B36/04 , E21B41/02 , Y10S166/902
摘要： Corrosion inhibition apparatus in an electromagnetic heating system for in situ downhole heating in an oil well or other mineral fluid well that includes an A.C. power source for a high amperage, low frequency heating current (e.g. over 50 amperes at 0.01 to 35 Hz) and a D.C. bias source for generating a low amplitude (e.g., less than one ampere) current for corrosion inhibition, both sources connected to a downhole electrode. The bias source includes at least one semiconductor device, connected in the main A.C. heating circuit, in a bias circuit that develops a net D.C. voltage differential of the polarity required for corrosion inhibition in response to the A.C. heating current.
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公开(公告)号：US4646277A
公开(公告)日：1987-02-24
申请号：US722807
申请日：1985-04-12
申请人： Jack E. Bridges , Joseph O. Enk
发明人： Jack E. Bridges , Joseph O. Enk
IPC分类号： E21B4/14 , E21B7/06 , E21B7/26 , E21B47/022 , B23Q5/00
CPC分类号： E21B7/068 , E21B4/145 , E21B47/02216 , E21B7/26
摘要： A control system guides a boring tool in a borehole. The tool has a longitudinal tool axis and includes a driver for advancing the tool axially through the earth and steering mechanism for directing the motion of the tool relative to the tool axis in response to control signals. The control system includes an axial electromagnetic source for generating an axial alternating magnetic field directed along an axial source axis. A sensing assembly remote from the source means includes first and second pickup coils for sensing the alternating magnetic field. Each of the first and second pickup coils has a respective coil axis and is rigidly mounted in respect to the other with their respective axes at a substantial angle with respect to each other, defining a sensing assembly axis substantially normal to both coil axes. Each coil generates a respective null electrical signal when the lines of magnetic flux at the respective coil are normal to the respective coil axis. Either the source of the sensing assembly is rigidly mounted on the tool, preferably the source. The outputs of the sensing coils are used to determine the direction of lines of magnetic flux at the sensing assembly, and indicate the attitude of the source relative to the sensing assembly. This permits guiding of the tool by control signals sent to the tool.
摘要翻译： 控制系统将钻孔工具引导到钻孔中。 该工具具有纵向工具轴线，并且包括用于使工具轴向推进穿过地面的驱动器和用于响应于控制信号引导工具相对于工具轴线的运动的转向机构。 控制系统包括用于产生沿着轴向源轴线定向的轴向交变磁场的轴向电磁源。 远离源装置的感测组件包括用于感测交变磁场的第一和第二拾取线圈。 第一和第二拾取线圈中的每一个具有相应的线圈轴线，并且相对于彼此以相对的轴线相对于彼此以相当的角度刚性地安装，限定了基本上垂直于两个线圈轴线的感测组件轴线。 当各个线圈的磁通线垂直于相应的线圈轴线时，每个线圈产生相应的零电信号。 传感组件的源头刚性地安装在工具上，优选地安装在工具上。 感测线圈的输出用于确定感测组件处的磁通线的方向，并且指示源相对于感测组件的姿态。 这允许通过发送到工具的控制信号来引导工具。
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