公开(公告)号：US20070019673A1

公开(公告)日：2007-01-25

申请号：US11188219

申请日：2005-07-22

申请人： David Ward ,  Russell White

发明人： David Ward ,  Russell White

IPC分类号： H04L12/56 ,  H04J3/16 ,  H04L12/28 ,  H04J3/22

CPC分类号： H04L45/18 ,  H04L45/02 ,  H04L45/04

摘要： A method of processing both two-octet and four-octet autonomous system (AS) identifier values in a first network node that communicates with peer network nodes using Border Gateway Protocol (BGP), comprises receiving a first route message from a BGP peer node that is outside a local autonomous system that includes the first network node, wherein the BGP peer node can process only two-octet AS identifier values; identifying one or more extended community attributes in a route in the received route update message; for each of the identified extended community attributes, modifying the received route by creating an AS set containing four-octet AS identifier values carried in the identified extended community attributes, and attaching the AS set to the received route; and sending the modified received route to a third BGP node.

摘要翻译： 在使用边界网关协议（BGP）与对等网络节点进行通信的第一网络节点中处理双字节和四字节自治系统（AS）标识符值的方法包括从BGP对等节点接收第一路由消息， 在包括第一网络节点的本地自治系统之外，其中BGP对等节点可以仅处理两个字节的AS标识符值; 识别所接收的路由更新消息中路由中的一个或多个扩展团体属性; 对于所识别的扩展社区属性中的每一个，通过创建包含在所识别的扩展团体属性中携带的四字节AS标识符值的AS集合来修改所接收的路由，并将AS集合附加到所接收的路由; 并将修改的接收到的路由发送到第三BGP节点。

公开(公告)号：US20060262772A1

公开(公告)日：2006-11-23

申请号：US11135253

申请日：2005-05-23

申请人： James Guichard ,  Jean-Philippe Vasseur ,  Thomas Nadeau ,  David Ward ,  Stefano Previdi

发明人： James Guichard ,  Jean-Philippe Vasseur ,  Thomas Nadeau ,  David Ward ,  Stefano Previdi

IPC分类号： H04L12/28

CPC分类号： H04L45/308 ,  H04L43/0811 ,  H04L43/12 ,  H04L45/04 ,  H04L45/302 ,  H04L45/70 ,  H04L47/24 ,  H04L63/029

摘要： A path verification protocol (PVP) which enumerates a series of messages sent to a set of nodes, or routers, along a network path identifies connectivity and transmission characteristic attributes by defining, implementing, and analyzing path verification messages (PVMs) in a VPN environment. Typical VPN environments are characterized by service level agreements (SLAs) between service providers which specify particular service level and/or bandwidth level guarantees, typically in terms of megabits per second (MB/s) or other qualitative transfer criteria. Such guarantees are often expressed in contractual terms as Quality of Service (QoS) criteria. Configurations herein provide a mechanism for determination of paths and/or routes that satisfy a QoS or other delivery speed/bandwidth guarantee. Such a mechanism may therefore be employed to perform routing decisions for QoS based traffic. Further, such a mechanism is employable to verify QoS levels and related attributes related to contractual terms between service providers and customers.

摘要翻译： 路径验证协议（PVP），其列举沿着网络路径发送到一组节点或路由器的一系列消息，通过在VPN环境中定义，实现和分析路径验证消息（PVM）来识别连接性和传输特性属性 。 典型的VPN环境的特征在于服务提供商之间的服务级别协议（SLA），其指定特定服务级别和/或带宽级别保证，通常以兆比特每秒（MB / s）或其他定性传输标准。 这种保证通常以合同条款表示为服务质量（QoS）标准。 本文中的配置提供了用于确定满足QoS或其他传送速度/带宽保证的路径和/或路由的机制。 因此可以采用这种机制来执行基于QoS的业务的路由决策。 此外，这种机制可用于验证与服务提供商和客户之间的合同条款相关的QoS等级和相关属性。

公开(公告)号：US20060227182A1

公开(公告)日：2006-10-12

申请号：US11094957

申请日：2005-03-31

申请人： David Greer ,  David Ward

发明人： David Greer ,  David Ward

IPC分类号： B41J2/175

CPC分类号： B41J2/17513 ,  B41J2/17563

摘要： Ink delivery systems for an ink jet printer and methods for manufacturing the same. In an embodiment, the system comprises a separable ink tank, a printhead body having an opening, ink ejectors associated with the printhead body, and a retainer engaged with the tower portion of the printhead body and with an exit port of the ink tank. A filter is attached to least one of the printhead opening and the retainer, such as by insert molding or heat staking for example. A filter cover member, such as a wick or a septum for instance, is disposed adjacent the filter.

摘要翻译： 用于喷墨打印机的墨水输送系统及其制造方法。 在一个实施例中，该系统包括可分离墨盒，具有开口的打印头主体，与打印头主体相关联的墨水喷射器，以及与打印头主体的塔架部分接合并具有墨盒出口的保持器。 过滤器例如通过嵌入成型或热铆接连接到打印头开口和保持器中的至少一个。 过滤器盖构件，例如芯或隔膜，例如设置在过滤器附近。

公开(公告)号：US20060221813A1

公开(公告)日：2006-10-05

申请号：US11098173

申请日：2005-04-04

申请人： John Scudder ,  David Ward ,  Clarence Filsfils

发明人： John Scudder ,  David Ward ,  Clarence Filsfils

IPC分类号： H04L12/56 ,  H04J1/16 ,  H04J3/14 ,  G08C15/00 ,  H04L12/28

CPC分类号： H04L45/22 ,  H04L45/02 ,  H04L45/28 ,  H04L45/50 ,  H04L47/2408

摘要： A fast reroute (FRR) technique is implemented at the edge of a computer network. In accordance with the technique, if an edge device detects a node or link failure that prevents it from communicating with a neighboring routing domain, the edge device reroutes at least some data packets addressed to that domain to a backup edge device which, in turn, forwards the packets to the neighboring domain. The rerouted packets are designated as being “protected” (i.e., rerouted) data packets before they are forwarded to the backup edge device. To that end, the edge device incorporates an identifier into the rerouted data packets to indicate that the packets are being FRR rerouted. The identifier may be a predetermined value stored at a known location in the rerouted packets'encapsulation headers, such as in their MPLS or IP headers. Upon receiving a data packet containing the identifier, the backup edge device is not permitted to reroute the packet a second time.

摘要翻译： 在计算机网络的边缘实现快速重路由（FRR）技术。 根据该技术，如果边缘设备检测到阻止其与相邻路由域通信的节点或链路故障，则边缘设备将至少一些寻址到该域的数据分组重新路由到备用边缘设备， 将数据包转发到相邻域。 重新路由的数据包在被转发到备份边缘设备之前被指定为“保护”（即重新路由）数据分组。 为此，边缘设备将重新路由的数据分组中的标识符合并，以指示分组正在被FRR重新路由。 标识符可以是存储在重新路由的分组的封装报头中的已知位置的预定值，例如在其MPLS或IP报头中。 在接收到包含标识符的数据分组时，不允许备份边缘设备再次重新路由该分组。

公开(公告)号：US20060129956A1

公开(公告)日：2006-06-15

申请号：US11010002

申请日：2004-12-10

申请人： David Ward

发明人： David Ward

IPC分类号： G06F17/50

CPC分类号： G06F17/504

摘要： The present invention provides a method, apparatus and article of manufacture for generating hints for use when performing reach-ability analysis of a program such as programmatic representations of hardware circuits. The hints are generated from external inputs to the program which are used in conditional statements of the program. Further such an external input may be excluded from the hints if none of the statements of at least one of the alternative paths following from the conditional statement in which it is used have a data dependency to another statement of the program.

摘要翻译： 本发明提供一种用于在执行诸如硬件电路的程序化表示的程序的到达能力分析时产生提示的方法，装置和制品。 提示是从程序的条件语句中使用的程序的外部输入生成的。 如果从使用条件语句的以下替代路径中的至少一个语句的语句与程序的另一个语句具有数据依赖关系，则可以从提示中排除进一步的外部输入。

公开(公告)号：US20060101142A1

公开(公告)日：2006-05-11

申请号：US10983280

申请日：2004-11-05

申请人： Jean-Philippe Vasseur ,  David Ward ,  Muthurajah Sivabalan ,  Stefano Previdi

发明人： Jean-Philippe Vasseur ,  David Ward ,  Muthurajah Sivabalan ,  Stefano Previdi

IPC分类号： G06F15/173

CPC分类号： H04L45/42 ,  H04L45/04 ,  H04L45/12 ,  H04L45/127 ,  H04L45/44 ,  H04L45/58

摘要： A technique efficiently selects a Path Computation Element (PCE) to compute a path between nodes of a computer network. The PCE selection technique is illustratively based on dynamic advertisements of the PCE's available path computation resources, using (i) a low-pass filter algorithm to compute such resources, and (ii) threshold determinations to control distribution of those advertisements. To that end, the novel technique enables one or more PCEs to dynamically send (advertise) their available path computation resources to a Path Computation Client (PCC) by way of the controlled advertisements. In addition, the technique enables the PCC to efficiently select a PCE (or set of PCEs) to service a path computation request based upon those available resources.

摘要翻译： 一种技术有效地选择路径计算元素（PCE）来计算计算机网络的节点之间的路径。 PCE选择技术说明性地基于PCE可用路径计算资源的动态广告，使用（i）低通滤波器算法来计算这样的资源，以及（ii）阈值确定以控制这些广告的分布。 为此，新技术使得一个或多个PCE能够通过受控广告动态地向路径计算客户端（PCC）发送（通告）它们的可用路径计算资源。 此外，该技术使得PCC能够基于这些可用资源有效地选择PCE（或一组PCE）来服务路径计算请求。

公开(公告)号：US20060034251A1

公开(公告)日：2006-02-16

申请号：US10918089

申请日：2004-08-13

申请人： Muthurajah Sivabalan ,  Sami Boutros ,  David Ward ,  Syed Raza ,  Robert Thomas

发明人： Muthurajah Sivabalan ,  Sami Boutros ,  David Ward ,  Syed Raza ,  Robert Thomas

IPC分类号： H04L12/28

CPC分类号： H04L45/00 ,  H04L45/50

摘要： LDP label switching may be discontinued gracefully on one or more selected ones of multiple links interconnecting a pair of label switched routers (LSRs) while leaving label switching in operation on the remaining LDP-enabled links. Mechanisms for graceful shutdown of LDP on a selected link are added by way of modification to one or more of: e.g., LDP discovery Hello messages, LDP Label Withdraw/Label Release messages, LDP Notification messages.

摘要翻译： LDP标签交换可以在使一对标签交换路由器（LSR）互连的多个链路中的一个或多个选择的一个链路上正常停止，同时在剩余的启用LDP的链路上保持标签交换操作。 通过修改LDP发现Hello消息，LDP标签提取/标签释放消息，LDP通知消息中的一个或多个来添加选定链路上的LDP正常关闭的机制。

公开(公告)号：US20050259664A1

公开(公告)日：2005-11-24

申请号：US10848744

申请日：2004-05-19

申请人： Jean Vasseur ,  David Ward ,  Muthurajah Sivabalan ,  Robert Goguen

发明人： Jean Vasseur ,  David Ward ,  Muthurajah Sivabalan ,  Robert Goguen

IPC分类号： H04J1/16 ,  H04L12/56

CPC分类号： H04L45/12 ,  H04L45/04 ,  H04L45/125 ,  H04L45/42 ,  H04L45/44 ,  H04L45/50 ,  H04L45/70 ,  H04L47/125 ,  H04L47/762 ,  H04L47/822 ,  H04L47/825

摘要： A mechanism to alleviate bandwidth fragmentation in a network employing path computation element(s) to place MPLS Traffic Engineering tunnels. One application is a multiple Autonomous System or multiple area network employing distributed computation of MPLS Traffic Engineering LSPs. A particular path computation element may determine that bandwidth fragmentation is present based on monitoring of path computation failures where desired paths are blocked due to bandwidth constraints. In response to the detected bandwidth fragmentation condition, the path computation element floods a routing notification within its Autonomous System or area. Nodes respond to the routing notification by requesting reoptimization of their own previously requested Traffic Engineering LSPs allowing the path computation element an opportunity to alleviate bandwidth fragmentation.

摘要翻译： 一种减轻使用路径计算元素的网络中带宽分段的放置MPLS流量工程隧道的机制。 一个应用是采用MPLS流量工程LSP的分布式计算的多自治系统或多区域网络。 特定路径计算元件可以基于由于带宽限制阻止期望路径的路径计算故障的监视来确定存在带宽分段。 响应于检测到的带宽分段条件，路径计算元件在其自治系统或区域内泛洪路由通知。 节点通过请求重新优化自己先前请求的流量工程LSP来响应路由通知，允许路径计算元素减轻带宽分段的机会。

公开(公告)号：US20050198382A1

公开(公告)日：2005-09-08

申请号：US10765756

申请日：2004-01-27

申请人： Robert Salmi ,  Michael Rowlee ,  Thomas Barron ,  Stuart Stanley ,  Haldane Peterson ,  David Ward ,  David Bergum

发明人： Robert Salmi ,  Michael Rowlee ,  Thomas Barron ,  Stuart Stanley ,  Haldane Peterson ,  David Ward ,  David Bergum

IPC分类号： G06F15/173

CPC分类号： H04L45/00 ,  H04L45/54

摘要： In some embodiments, a method and routing system parameterize a routing policy and apply the parameterized-routing policy to a route. Parameters are assigned to at least some policy statements of the policy. The parameterized policy may be called with parameters stored in a parameter table. In some embodiments, common blocks of the policy may be identified and assigned parameter sets. A commonized routing policy may be reused within more than one policy. In some embodiments, a method and routing system may evaluate a configuration file to determine relationships between route attributes. The relationships may be expressed in one or more mathematical functions, and when a route is received from a peer, the attributes of the route may be modified based on the mathematical functions. In some embodiments, a router and method for implementing routing policy and traffic engineering are provided. Routing policy may be implemented by performing a policy translation on a policy configuration to generate an internal-policy representation. Attribute-operator pairings of the internal-policy representation may be verified with one or more client dynamic load libraries (DLLs). When the attribute-operator pairings have been verified, the internal-policy representation may be compiled and stored in a system database. A client protocol may be notified that the routing policy has been modified.

摘要翻译： 在一些实施例中，方法和路由系统参数化路由策略并将参数化路由策略应用于路由。 参数分配给策略的至少一些策略语句。 可以使用参数表中存储的参数调用参数化策略。 在一些实施例中，策略的公共块可以被识别和分配参数集。 公共路由策略可以在多个策略中重用。 在一些实施例中，方法和路由系统可以评估配置文件以确定路由属性之间的关系。 关系可以用一个或多个数学函数表示，并且当从对等体接收到路由时，可以基于数学函数来修改路由的属性。 在一些实施例中，提供了用于实现路由策略和流量工程的路由器和方法。 可以通过在策略配置上执行策略转换来生成内部策略表示来实现路由策略。 可以使用一个或多个客户端动态加载库（DLL）验证内部策略表示的属性 - 运算符配对。 当属性 - 运算符配对已被验证时，内部策略表示可以被编译并存储在系统数据库中。 可以通知客户端协议路由策略已被修改。

公开(公告)号：US20050191642A1

公开(公告)日：2005-09-01

申请号：US10913960

申请日：2004-08-05

申请人： David Ward ,  Peter Lichter ,  Thomas Cremer ,  Laura Manuelidis ,  Thomas Ried ,  Antonio Baldini

发明人： David Ward ,  Peter Lichter ,  Thomas Cremer ,  Laura Manuelidis ,  Thomas Ried ,  Antonio Baldini

IPC分类号： C12Q1/68 ,  C12N15/85

CPC分类号： C12Q1/6809 ,  C12Q1/6841

摘要： This disclosure relates to a method of specifically decorating selected mammalian chromosomes and of detecting, identifying and and/or quantitating selected individual chromosomes, by means of chromosomal in situ suppression (CISS) hybridization. The method is useful in analyzing cells for the occurrence of chromosomes, chromosome fragments or chromosome aberrations.

摘要翻译： 本公开涉及通过染色体原位抑制（CISS）杂交专门装饰所选择的哺乳动物染色体以及检测，鉴定和/或定量所选择的个体染色体的方法。 该方法可用于分析染色体，染色体片段或染色体畸变发生的细胞。