公开(公告)号：US5163374A

公开(公告)日：1992-11-17

申请号：US750197

申请日：1991-08-27

申请人： Amirali G. Rehmat ,  Mark J. Khinkis

发明人： Amirali G. Rehmat ,  Mark J. Khinkis

IPC分类号： F23C6/04 ,  F23C10/08 ,  F23C10/26

CPC分类号： F23C10/26 ,  F23C10/08 ,  F23C6/04

摘要： A process for combustion of hydrocarbonaceous materials containing high levels of sulfur, fuel-bound nitrogen and low levels of ash which inhibits the emissions of oxides of nitrogen and sulfur, reduces solid waste disposal, and produces useable by-products. In the first step of the process, the hydrocarbonaceous material is burned in a fluidized bed into which a calcium based sorbent is introduced, producing a mixture of gaseous products of combustion and particulate matter, ash and calcium containing solids. In a second step of the process, the mixture of gaseous products of combustion and particulate matter is completely burned in a cyclonic combustion reactor. In a third step of the process, the ash and calcium-containing solids generated in the fluidized bed are withdrawn from the fluidized bed, cooled and contacted with steam in a regenerator producing calcium hydroxide, ash and unspent sorbent which are recycled to the fluidized bed.

摘要翻译： 含有高含量硫，燃料结合氮和低水平灰分的含烃材料的燃烧过程，其抑制氮和硫的氧化物的排放，减少固体废物处理，并产生可用的副产物。 在该方法的第一步中，烃类物质在流化床中燃烧，其中引入钙基吸附剂，产生燃烧气体产物和颗粒物质，灰分和含钙固体的混合物。 在该方法的第二步骤中，燃烧和颗粒物质的气态产物的混合物在旋风燃烧反应器中完全燃烧。 在该方法的第三步骤中，在流化床中产生的灰分和含钙固体从流化床中排出，冷却并在再生器中与蒸汽接触，产生氢氧化钙，灰分和未使用的吸附剂，再循环到流化床 。

公开(公告)号：US5158445A

公开(公告)日：1992-10-27

申请号：US682425

申请日：1991-04-08

申请人： Mark J. Khinkis

发明人： Mark J. Khinkis

IPC分类号： F23C3/00 ,  F23C6/04 ,  F23C7/02 ,  F23R3/34

CPC分类号： F23C6/047 ,  F23C3/006 ,  F23C7/02 ,  F23R3/346 ,  F23C2201/102

摘要： A method and apparatus for ultra-low pollutant emission combustion of fossil fuel is disclosed in which a first portion of fuel to be combusted is introduced into a primary combustion chamber together with primary combustion air, producing either a reducing or oxidizing combustion zone and a portion of water having a heat capacity equivalent to the heat capacity of a portion of primary combustion air. The first portion of fuel is combusted in the primary combustion chamber and the combustion products derived therefrom pass through an orifice into a secondary combustion chamber. Also introduced into the secondary combustion chamber is a second portion of fuel and secondary combustion air in an amount sufficient to complete combustion of the total amount of fuel in the apparatus. In addition, water is introduced into the secondary combustion chamber in an amount having a heat capacity equivalent to an amount of secondary combustion air. The products of combustion from the secondary combustion chamber are passed through an orifice into a dilution chamber into which dilution air is introduced, producing ultra-low pollutant emissions vitiated air. The vitiated air is subsequently discharged from the dilution chamber.

摘要翻译： 公开了一种用于化石燃料的超低污染物排放燃烧的方法和装置，其中要燃烧的燃料的第一部分与一次燃烧空气一起被引入主燃烧室，产生还原或氧化燃烧区和部分 的水的热容量相当于一次燃烧空气的一部分的热容量。 燃料的第一部分在主燃烧室中燃烧，并且由此产生的燃烧产物通过孔进入二次燃烧室。 还引入二次燃烧室中的燃料和二次燃烧空气的第二部分的量足以完全燃烧装置中燃料的总量。 此外，以与二次燃烧空气量相当的热容量的量将水引入二次燃烧室。 来自二次燃烧室的燃烧产物通过孔口进入稀释空气进入稀释室，产生超低污染物排放的空气。 随后将稀释的空气从稀释室排出。

公开(公告)号：US5013236A

公开(公告)日：1991-05-07

申请号：US354837

申请日：1989-05-22

申请人： Mark J. Khinkis

发明人： Mark J. Khinkis

IPC分类号： F23C3/00 ,  F23C6/04 ,  F23C7/02 ,  F23R3/34

CPC分类号： F23R3/346 ,  F23C3/006 ,  F23C6/047 ,  F23C7/02 ,  F23C2201/102

摘要： An apparatus and method for ultra-low pollutant emission combustion of fossil fuel wherein an elongated cyclonic primary combustion chamber has a cross-sectional area about 4 to about 30 percent that of an elongated cyclonic secondary combustion chamber and a volume about 1 to about 20 percent the combined primary and secondary combustion chamber volume. A first fuel portion of about 1 percent to about 20 percent of the total fuel and primary combustion air in an amount selected from about 40 to about 90 percent and about 140 percent to about 230 percent of the stoichiometric requirement for complete combustion of the first fuel portion is introduced into the primary combustion chamber. A second fuel portion of about 80 to about 99 percent of the total fuel is introduced into the secondary combustion chamber with secondary combustion air in an amount of about 150 percent to about 260 percent of the stoichiometric requirement for complete combustion of the fuel. In preferred embodiments cyclonic flow is maintained through the combustor.

摘要翻译： 用于化石燃料的超低污染物排放燃烧的装置和方法，其中细长的旋风主燃烧室的横截面积为细长旋风二次燃烧室的横截面积约4至约30％，体积约为1至约20％ 主燃烧室和二次燃烧室的组合。 总燃料和初级燃烧空气的约1％至约20％的第一燃料部分选自第一燃料完全燃烧的化学计量要求的约40至约90％和约140％至约230％ 部分被引入主燃烧室。 总燃料的约80％至约99％的第二燃料部分被引入二次燃烧室中，二次燃烧空气的量为燃料完全燃烧的化学计量要求的约150％至约260％。 在优选实施例中，通过燃烧器保持旋风流。

公开(公告)号：US4909727A

公开(公告)日：1990-03-20

申请号：US159219

申请日：1988-02-23

申请人： Mark J. Khinkis

发明人： Mark J. Khinkis

IPC分类号： F23C6/04 ,  F23L7/00 ,  F23L15/02

CPC分类号： F23L7/007 ,  C03B5/2353 ,  C03B5/237 ,  F23C6/042 ,  F23L15/02 ,  Y02E20/344 ,  Y02E20/348 ,  Y02P40/535 ,  Y02P40/55 ,  Y02P40/57

摘要： A process and apparatus for oxygen-rich combustion wherein a first portion of about 5 to about 40 percent of the total fuel to be cracked and combusted is introduced to a cracking chamber where it is combusted and cracked at a temperature below about 2200.degree. F. to produce a cracked products mixture. Oxygen-rich gas of greater than about 30 volume percent oxygen is introduced to the cracking chamber in about 5 to about 50 percent of the stoichiometric requirement for complete combustion of the first portion of fuel introduced to that chamber. Cracked products mixture, a second remaining portion of fresh fuel and oxidizer having sufficient oxygen for substantially complete combustion of the combustible portion of the cracked porducts mixture and the fresh fuel are introduced to a combustion chamber wherein the combustible portion of the cracked products mixture and the fresh fuel are combusted. The process and apparatus provide continuous operation of a fuel cracking chamber when used with regenerative furnaces, such as in the glass making industry.

摘要翻译： 一种用于富氧燃烧的方法和装置，其中待裂化和燃烧的总燃料的约5％至约40％的第一部分被引入裂解室，在其中在低于约2200°F的温度下燃烧和裂化。 产生裂纹产物混合物。 大于约30体积％氧气的富氧气体以引入到该室的第一部分燃料的完全燃烧的化学计量要求的约5至约50％被引入裂解室。 裂化产物混合物，剩余部分的新鲜燃料和氧化剂具有足够的氧气，用于基本上完全燃烧裂化产物混合物和新鲜燃料的可燃部分，其中可燃部分的裂化产物混合物和 新鲜燃料燃烧。 当与再生炉一起使用时，例如在玻璃制造工业中，该方法和装置提供燃料裂解室的连续操作。

公开(公告)号：US4877449A

公开(公告)日：1989-10-31

申请号：US76491

申请日：1987-07-22

申请人： Mark J. Khinkis

发明人： Mark J. Khinkis

IPC分类号： C01B25/027 ,  C03B3/02 ,  C03B5/12 ,  C03B5/235 ,  C21C7/00 ,  C22B1/02 ,  C22B7/00 ,  C22B9/16 ,  C22B15/00 ,  C22B15/02 ,  C22B34/32 ,  F27B1/02 ,  F27B1/10

CPC分类号： F27B1/10 ,  C01B25/027 ,  C03B3/02 ,  C03B5/12 ,  C03B5/2356 ,  C22B1/02 ,  C22B15/0032 ,  C22B15/0056 ,  C22B34/32 ,  C22B7/003 ,  C22B9/16 ,  F27B1/02 ,  F27B1/025 ,  C21C2007/0093 ,  Y02P10/22 ,  Y10S266/90

摘要： A vertical shaft melting furnace wherein meltable solids are charged to the upper region of a bed supported only by a fluid cooled support grid having openings smaller than the average diameter of the charged solids wherein submerged combustion is maintained in a melt pool below the bed of solids and combustion product gases of the submerged combustion are passed upwardly through the bed of solids preheating and melting a substantial portion of the solids forming melt which flows downwardly into the melt pool and partially melting the remaining portion of the solids reducing their size sufficiently to pass through the support grid openings into the melt pool. The apparatus and process of this invention provides improved melt quality with stable temperature and high homegeneity with increased specific production rate and increased unit production rate.

摘要翻译： 垂直轴熔化炉，其中可熔融固体被装入床的上部区域，该床仅由流体冷却的支撑格栅支撑，床的开口小于带电固体的平均直径，其中浸没燃烧保持在固体床下方的熔池中 并且浸没燃烧的燃烧产物气体向上通过固体床预热和熔化大量部分固体形成的熔体，其向下流入熔池并部分地熔化固体的剩余部分，从而减小它们的尺寸以足够通过 支撑格栅开入熔池。 本发明的装置和方法提供了改进的熔体质量，具有稳定的温度和高的原位性，具有提高的比生产率和增加的单位生产率。