公开(公告)号：US5140527A

公开(公告)日：1992-08-18

申请号：US446895

申请日：1989-12-06

申请人： Timothy Jones ,  Trevor Hughes ,  Philip Fletcher

发明人： Timothy Jones ,  Trevor Hughes ,  Philip Fletcher

IPC分类号： E21B21/08 ,  E21B49/00 ,  G01N30/02

CPC分类号： E21B49/005 ,  E21B21/08 ,  G01N30/02

摘要： In the rotary drilling of oil wells a drilling mud is used both to transport the cuttings up to the surface and to impose an hydrostatic pressure on the walls of the borehole. For these functions the mud must for example have an acceptable viscosity and density. It is therefore important to monitor the characteristics of the mud, and to keep them within certain limits. Only recently, however, has drilling practice recognized the importance of monitoring the mud's ionic composition. The various techniques proposed involve separation of the mud into liquid and solid portions, and analysis of these. Though they have proven useful, yet there are a number of problems. For example, the separation has not always been easy, and the available techniques often may not satisfactorily remove the fines. The invention suggests that these two problems, at least, can be overcome by the relatively simple expedient of first acidifying the mud sample, for acidification both causes the mud particles to flocculate, and so be more easily separated off, and causes the active fines to dissolve. In a preferred embodiment hydrobromic acid is employed, together with tetramethylammonium bromide (a displacement agent enabling the mud solid's Cationic Exchange Capacity to be measured), the separation is by filtration, and the analysis is by ion chromatography--and the results are fed into a computer model that then calculates the original mud components.

公开(公告)号：US08459353B2

公开(公告)日：2013-06-11

申请号：US12868165

申请日：2010-08-25

申请人： Trevor Hughes ,  Evgeny Barmatov ,  Jill Geddes ,  Michael Fuller ,  Bruno Drochon ,  Sergey Makarychev-Mikhailov

发明人： Trevor Hughes ,  Evgeny Barmatov ,  Jill Geddes ,  Michael Fuller ,  Bruno Drochon ,  Sergey Makarychev-Mikhailov

IPC分类号： E21B43/25 ,  E21B43/267 ,  C09K8/80 ,  C09K8/92

CPC分类号： C09K8/665 ,  C09K8/70 ,  C09K8/92 ,  E21B43/267

摘要： A wellbore fluid is an aqueous carrier liquid with first and second hydrophobic particulate materials suspended therein. The first hydrophobic particles have a higher specific gravity than the second hydrophobic particles and the fluid also comprises a gas to wet the surface of the particles and bind them together as agglomerates. The fluid may be a fracturing fluid or gravel packing fluid and the first particulate material may be proppant or gravel. The lighter second particulate material and the gas both reduce the density of the agglomerates which form so that they settle more slowly from the fluid, or are buoyant and do not settle. This facilitates transport and placement in a hydraulic fracture or gravel pack. One application of this is when fracturing a gas-shale with slickwater. The benefit of reduced settling is better placement of proppant so that a greater amount of the fracture is propped open.

摘要翻译： 井筒流体是其中悬浮有第一和第二疏水性颗粒材料的水性载体液体。 第一疏水性颗粒具有比第二疏水性颗粒更高的比重，并且流体还包括用于润湿颗粒表面的气体并将其作为附聚物结合在一起。 流体可以是压裂流体或砾石填充流体，并且第一颗粒材料可以是支撑剂或砾石。 较轻的第二颗粒材料和气体都降低了附聚物的密度，使得它们从流体更缓慢地沉降，或者浮力并且不沉降。 这有助于运输和放置在水力裂缝或砾石包装中。 这种情况的一个应用是用瓦斯页岩压裂瓦斯页岩。 减少沉降的好处是支撑剂的更好的放置，使得更大量的裂缝被支撑开放。

公开(公告)号：US08448706B2

公开(公告)日：2013-05-28

申请号：US12868201

申请日：2010-08-25

申请人： Trevor Hughes ,  Evgeny Barmatov ,  Jill Geddes ,  Michael Fuller ,  Bruno Drochon ,  Sergey Makarychev-Mikhailov

发明人： Trevor Hughes ,  Evgeny Barmatov ,  Jill Geddes ,  Michael Fuller ,  Bruno Drochon ,  Sergey Makarychev-Mikhailov

IPC分类号： E21B43/25 ,  E21B43/267 ,  C09K8/80 ,  C09K8/92

CPC分类号： C09K8/665 ,  C09K8/70 ,  C09K8/805 ,  C09K2208/08 ,  C09K2208/28 ,  E21B43/267

摘要： A wellbore fluid comprises an aqueous carrier liquid, hydrophobic fibers suspended therein, hydrophobic particulate material also suspended in the carrier liquid, and a gas to wet the surfaces of the particles and fibers and bind them together as agglomerates. The wellbore fluid may be a slickwater fracturing fluid and may be used for fracturing a tight gas reservoir. Using a combination of hydrophobic particulate material, hydrophobic fibers and gas inhibits settling out of the particulate material from an aqueous liquid. Because the gas acts to wet the surfaces of both materials and agglomerates them, the particulate material is made to adhere to the fibers; the fibers form a network which hinders settling of the particulate material adhering to them, and the agglomerates contain gas and so have a bulk density which is less than the specific gravity of the solids contained in the agglomerates.

摘要翻译： 井眼流体包括水性载体液体，悬浮在其中的疏水性纤维，还悬浮在载体液体中的疏水性颗粒材料，以及将颗粒和纤维的表面湿润的气体，并将其作为附聚物结合在一起。 井筒流体可以是一个滑水压裂液，并可用于压裂一个紧密的气藏。 使用疏水性颗粒材料，疏水性纤维和气体的组合可以防止从水性液体中沉淀出颗粒物质。 因为这些气体用来润湿两种材料的表面并使它们聚集，所以使颗粒材料粘附到纤维上; 纤维形成阻碍粘附在其上的颗粒材料的沉降的网络，并且附聚物含有气体，因此其堆积密度小于附聚物中所含固体的比重。

公开(公告)号：US20120103615A1

公开(公告)日：2012-05-03

申请号：US13221573

申请日：2011-08-30

申请人： Oren A. Scherman ,  Eric Appel ,  Trevor Hughes

发明人： Oren A. Scherman ,  Eric Appel ,  Trevor Hughes

IPC分类号： E21B43/26 ,  C09K8/588

CPC分类号： C09K8/685 ,  C09K8/035 ,  C09K8/588

摘要： A wellbore fluid contains a viscosifying polymer in which portions of the polymer are connected through formation of an inclusion complex involving cucurbituril 8 (i.e. CB[8]) as host molecule. The fluid contains guest molecules with first and second guest groups covalently attached wherein at least one of the guest molecules comprises a polymer chain. The CB [8] host and the guest molecules attach together through reception of first and second guest groups within CB[8] host cavities, thereby connecting polymer chains together as a larger, supramolecular polymer and enhancing viscosity of the fluid. Polymer molecules may be synthetic polymers and guest groups may be attached to monomers before polymerization. Alternatively guest groups may be attached to existing polymers which may be polysaccharide.

摘要翻译： 井眼流体含有增粘聚合物，其中部分聚合物通过形成包含葫芦巴8（即CB [8]）的包合物作为宿主分子连接起来。 该流体含有客体分子与共价连接的第一和第二客体基团，其中至少一个客体分子包含聚合物链。 CB [8]主体和客体分子通过接收CB [8]主体腔内的第一和第二客体群而连接在一起，从而将聚合物链连接在一起作为较大的超分子聚合物并增强流体的粘度。 聚合物分子可以是合成聚合物，并且客体基团可以在聚合之前连接到单体上。 或者客体组可以连接到可以是多糖的现有聚合物上。

公开(公告)号：US08143197B2

公开(公告)日：2012-03-27

申请号：US12176097

申请日：2008-07-18

申请人： Isabelle Couillet ,  Trevor Hughes

发明人： Isabelle Couillet ,  Trevor Hughes

IPC分类号： C09K8/68 ,  E21B43/27

CPC分类号： C09K8/62 ,  C09K8/68 ,  C09K2208/30

摘要： The invention concerns an aqueous viscoelastic fracturing fluid for use in the recovery of hydrocarbons. According to the invention, the fluid comprises a cleavable viscoelastic surfactant and a hydrophobically-modified polymer, wherein the cleavable surfactant comprises a head group and a hydrophobic tail of at least 18 carbon atoms connected through a degradable acetal, amide, ether or ester bond and wherein the concentration of the hydrophobically-modified polymer is comprised between its overlap concentration c* and its entanglement concentration ce.

摘要翻译： 本发明涉及用于回收烃类的水性粘弹性压裂液。 根据本发明，流体包含可切割粘弹性表面活性剂和疏水改性的聚合物，其中可切割表面活性剂包含通过可降解的缩醛，酰胺，醚或酯键连接的头基和至少18个碳原子的疏水尾， 其中疏水改性聚合物的浓度在其重叠浓度c *与其缠结浓度ce之间。

公开(公告)号：US08141637B2

公开(公告)日：2012-03-27

申请号：US12539051

申请日：2009-08-11

申请人： Evgeny Barmatov ,  Jill Geddes ,  Trevor Hughes ,  Dean Willberg ,  Bruce Mackay

发明人： Evgeny Barmatov ,  Jill Geddes ,  Trevor Hughes ,  Dean Willberg ,  Bruce Mackay

IPC分类号： E21B33/138 ,  E21B43/267

CPC分类号： E21B43/267 ,  C09K8/516 ,  C09K8/80 ,  C09K8/805 ,  Y10S507/924

摘要： Solid material required at a subterranean location is supplied from the surface suspended in a carrier liquid and agglomerated below ground by means of a binding liquid. To achieve agglomeration, the binding liquid and the particulate solid are similar to each other but opposite to the carrier liquid in hydrophilic/hydrophobic character. The solid and the binding liquid may both be hydrophobic while the carrier liquid is hydrophilic, or vice versa. The solid may be hydrophobically surface modified to render it hydrophobic. The binding liquid may be provided as a precursor which converts to the binding liquid below ground to trigger agglomeration after arrival at the subterranean location. The agglomerates may function as proppant heterogeneously placed in a fracture of a reservoir, or may serve to block an unwanted path of flow. The binding liquid may polymerise after agglomeration so as to stabilise and strengthen the agglomerates.

摘要翻译： 在地下位置所需的固体材料从悬浮在载体液体中的表面供给，并通过粘结液体凝结在地下。 为了实现凝聚，结合液和颗粒固体在亲水/疏水性质上彼此相似但与载体液相反。 固体和结合液体都可以是疏水的，而载体液体是亲水的，反之亦然。 该固体可以疏水表面改性以使其具有疏水性。 结合液体可以作为前体提供，其转化成地下的结合液体，以在到达地下位置之后引发附聚。 附聚物可以作为不均匀地放置在储存器的断裂中的支撑剂，或者可以用于阻止不期望的流动路径。 结合液可以在附聚后聚合，以稳定和强化附聚物。

公开(公告)号：US07858563B2

公开(公告)日：2010-12-28

申请号：US12687160

申请日：2010-01-14

申请人： Trevor Hughes ,  Timothy Gareth John Jones ,  Gary John Tustin ,  Jian Zhou

发明人： Trevor Hughes ,  Timothy Gareth John Jones ,  Gary John Tustin ,  Jian Zhou

IPC分类号： C09K8/60 ,  C09K8/52 ,  E21B43/16

CPC分类号： C09K8/62 ,  B01F17/0021 ,  B01F17/0028 ,  B01F17/0042 ,  B01F17/005 ,  B01F17/0057 ,  B01F17/0064 ,  C09K8/528

摘要： A treatment of a subterranean formation which contains a hydrocarbon-bearing zone, is carried out using a hydrocarbon-responsive fluid thickened with an oligomeric surfactant consisting of from 2 to 8_linked surfactant monomer subunits. The process of treatment comprises (i) mixing a thickening amount of oligomeric surfactant with an aqueous liquid to make a viscoelastic treatment fluid, (ii) pumping said viscoelastic treatment fluid through a wellbore and into the subterranean formation, where (iii) contact with hydrocarbons within the formation dissipates the viscosity of the treatment fluid.

摘要翻译： 含有含烃区域的地下地层的处理是使用由2-8个连接的表面活性剂单体亚单元组成的低聚表面活性剂增稠的烃响应流体进行的。 处理方法包括（i）将增稠量的低聚表面活性剂与含水液体混合以制备粘弹性处理流体，（ii）将所述粘弹性处理流体泵送穿过井眼并进入地层，其中（iii）与烃接触 在地层内消散了处理液的粘度。

公开(公告)号：US20100167967A1

公开(公告)日：2010-07-01

申请号：US12687160

申请日：2010-01-14

申请人： Trevor Hughes ,  Timothy Gareth John Jones ,  Gary John Tustin ,  Jian Zhou

发明人： Trevor Hughes ,  Timothy Gareth John Jones ,  Gary John Tustin ,  Jian Zhou

IPC分类号： C09K8/68

CPC分类号： C09K8/62 ,  B01F17/0021 ,  B01F17/0028 ,  B01F17/0042 ,  B01F17/005 ,  B01F17/0057 ,  B01F17/0064 ,  C09K8/528

摘要： A treatment of a subterranean formation which contains a hydrocarbon-bearing zone, is carried out using a hydrocarbon-responsive fluid thickened with an oligomeric surfactant consisting of from 2 to 8_linked surfactant monomer subunits. The process of treatment comprises (i) mixing a thickening amount of oligomeric surfactant with an aqueous liquid to make a viscoelastic treatment fluid, (ii) pumping said viscoelastic treatment fluid through a wellbore and into the subterranean formation, where (iii) contact with hydrocarbons within the formation dissipates the viscosity of the treatment fluid.

摘要翻译： 含有含烃区域的地下地层的处理是使用由2-8个连接的表面活性剂单体亚单元组成的低聚表面活性剂增稠的烃响应流体进行的。 处理方法包括（i）将增稠量的低聚表面活性剂与含水液体混合以制备粘弹性处理流体，（ii）将所述粘弹性处理流体泵送穿过井眼并进入地层，其中（iii）与烃接触 在地层内消散了处理液的粘度。

公开(公告)号：US07410934B2

公开(公告)日：2008-08-12

申请号：US10250416

申请日：2002-02-13

申请人： Trevor Hughes ,  Timothy Gareth John Jones ,  Gary John Tustin ,  Jian Zhou

发明人： Trevor Hughes ,  Timothy Gareth John Jones ,  Gary John Tustin ,  Jian Zhou

IPC分类号： C09K8/584 ,  C09K8/68 ,  E21B43/22 ,  E21B43/27

CPC分类号： C09K8/68 ,  B01F17/0021 ,  B01F17/0042 ,  B01F17/0057 ,  C07C69/40 ,  C07C229/12 ,  C09K8/62 ,  C09K2208/30

摘要： The invention concerns an aqueous viscoelastic fluid for use in the recovery of hydrocarbons. According to the invention, the aqueous viscoelastic fluid comprises a monomer, a dimer or an oligomer of a viscoelastic surfactant able to form a viscoelastic gel under downhole conditions, said surfactant comprising a hydrophobic tail and a hydrophilic head, and being of the following formulae: R—X—Y-Z where R is the hydrophobic tail of the surfactant, Z is the hydrophilic head of the surfactant, said hydrophilic head being charged, X is a stabilising group and Y chain is a linear, saturated or unsaturated, hydrocarbon chain of 1, 2 or 3 carbon atoms or a branched, saturated or unsaturated hydrocarbon chain wherein the main chain is of 1, 2 or 3 carbon atoms, possibly incorporating an aromatic ring.

摘要翻译： 本发明涉及用于回收烃类的水性粘弹性流体。 根据本发明，水性粘弹性流体包括能够在井下条件下形成粘弹性凝胶的粘弹性表面活性剂的单体，二聚体或低聚物，所述表面活性剂包含疏水性尾巴和亲水性头部，并具有下式： RXYZ其中R是表面活性剂的疏水尾，Z是表面活性剂的亲水头，所述亲水头被加料，X是稳定基团，Y链是1,2或3的直链，饱和或不饱和的烃链 碳原子或支链，饱和或不饱和烃链，其中主链具有1,2或3个碳原子，可能并入芳环。

公开(公告)号：US07036585B2

公开(公告)日：2006-05-02

申请号：US10250417

申请日：2002-02-13

申请人： Jian Zhou ,  Trevor Hughes

发明人： Jian Zhou ,  Trevor Hughes

IPC分类号： E21B43/22

CPC分类号： C09K8/68 ,  B01F17/0021 ,  B01F17/0042 ,  B01F17/0057 ,  C07C69/40 ,  C07C229/12 ,  C09K8/62 ,  C09K2208/30

摘要： The invention concerns an aqueous viscoelastic fluid for use in the recovery of hydrocarbons. According to the invention this fluid comprises a first viscoelastic surfactant and a second surfactant able to decompose under downhole conditions to release a compound itself able to reduce the viscosity of the aqueous viscoelastic fluid.

摘要翻译： 本发明涉及用于回收烃类的水性粘弹性流体。 根据本发明，该流体包括第一粘弹性表面活性剂和能够在井下条件下分解以释放化合物本身的能够降低水性粘弹性流体粘度的第二表面活性剂。