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    Plasma-assisted tube with helical slow-wave structure
    41.
    发明授权
    Plasma-assisted tube with helical slow-wave structure 失效
    等离子辅助管螺旋慢波结构

    公开(公告)号：US5668442A

    公开(公告)日：1997-09-16

    申请号：US242570

    申请日：1994-05-13

    Applicant: Dan M. Goebel ,  Jennifer M. Butler ,  Robert L. Eisenhart

    Inventor： Dan M. Goebel ,  Jennifer M. Butler ,  Robert L. Eisenhart

    IPC: H01J23/00 ,  H01J23/04 ,  H01J23/065 ,  H01J23/26 ,  H01J23/42 ,  H01J25/00 ,  H01J25/36 ,  H01J23/27 ,  H01J25/61

    CPC classification number: H01J25/36 ,  H01J23/005 ,  H01J23/04 ,  H01J23/065 ,  H01J23/26 ,  H01J23/42 ,  H01J25/005

    Abstract: Microwave amplifiers are disclosed having a hollow helix slow-wave structure coupled directly to input and output waveguides. This helix-waveguide coupling structure couples the TEM mode of the helix to the TE10 mode of the rectangular waveguides and also defines ports communicating with the helix interior. Heating of the helix during high-power operation can be removed by cooling liquid pumped through the helix via these ports. The helix is surrounded by a cylindrical housing containing a low-pressure ionizable gas which forms a plasma channel that focuses the electron beam without the need for surrounding magnetic structures. A plasma cathode electron gun is arranged to inject an electron beam through the helix. Backflowing ions from the housing are harmlessly absorbed into the face of the plasma cathode. The microwave amplifier is converted to a backward wave oscillator by coupling a load to one of the waveguides.

    Abstract translation: 公开了具有直接耦合到输入和输出波导的中空螺旋慢波结构的微波放大器。 该螺旋 - 波导耦合结构将螺旋的TEM模式耦合到矩形波导的TE10模式，并且还限定与螺旋内部连通的端口。 在大功率运行期间加热螺旋可以通过经由这些端口泵送通过螺旋线的冷却液体去除。 螺旋被包含低压可离子化气体的圆柱形壳体包围，该气体形成等离子体通道，其聚焦电子束而不需要周围的磁性结构。 设置等离子体阴极电子枪以通过螺旋射入电子束。 来自壳体的回流离子被无害地吸收到等离子体阴极的表面。 微波放大器通过将负载耦合到一个波导而转换成反向波振荡器。

    Open tube resonator test setup for conductivity measurements
    42.
    发明授权
    Open tube resonator test setup for conductivity measurements 失效
    用于电导率测量的开管谐振器测试设置

    公开(公告)号：US4968945A

    公开(公告)日：1990-11-06

    申请号：US278818

    申请日：1988-12-02

    Applicant: Paul P. Woskov ,  Daniel R. Cohn

    Inventor： Paul P. Woskov ,  Daniel R. Cohn

    IPC: H01J23/20 ,  H01J25/00 ,  H01P1/16 ,  H01P3/08 ,  H01P3/12 ,  H01P7/06

    CPC classification number: H01P3/122 ,  H01J23/20 ,  H01J25/005 ,  H01P1/16 ,  H01P3/08 ,  H01P7/06

    Abstract: An apparatus and method for measurement of ohmic loss and surface resistivity is provided with a straight lumen waveguide with at least one opening at one end. Diffraction of radiation introduced to the lumen at one end of the tube provides feedback to establish resonances within the tube. Using the "whispering gallery" resonant modes maximizes the total ohmic loss and thereby enhances sensitivity of resistivity measurements. The angle at which resonant radiation exits the lumen is a function of the mode and size of the operative. Thus, preferred spatial detection allows enhancement of the device signal while discriminating against undesired modes. Selection of modes allows high frequency measurements, into the tetraherz range, to be made without disabling restrictions in the device dimensions, spatial input/output coupling or ohmic loss depending on alignment for analysis of, for example, high temperature superconductors. Furthermore, more than one longitudinal mode for a given transverse mode can be detected allowing for an unambiguous determination of ohmic losses from a measurement of the total Q.

    Abstract translation: 用于测量欧姆损耗和表面电阻率的装置和方法具有在一端具有至少一个开口的直管腔波导。 在管的一端引入管腔的辐射衍射提供反馈以在管内建立共振。 使用“耳语画廊”谐振模式最大化了总的欧姆损耗，从而提高电阻率测量的灵敏度。 谐振辐射离开管腔的角度是手术的模式和尺寸的函数。 因此，优选的空间检测允许在区分不期望的模式的同时增强设备信号。 模式的选择允许在四舍五尔范围内进行高频测量，而不会因为诸如高温超导体的分析的对准而在器件尺寸，空间输入/输出耦合或欧姆损耗方面不受限制。 此外，可以检测给定横向模式的多于一个纵向模式，允许从总Q的测量中明确确定欧姆损耗。

    Plasma-assisted high-power microwave generator
    43.
    发明授权
    Plasma-assisted high-power microwave generator 失效
    等离子辅助大功率微波发生器

    公开(公告)号：US4912367A

    公开(公告)日：1990-03-27

    申请号：US181279

    申请日：1988-04-14

    Applicant: Robert W. Schumacher ,  Julius Hyman, Jr. ,  Robin Harvey ,  Joseph Santoru

    Inventor： Robert W. Schumacher ,  Julius Hyman, Jr. ,  Robin Harvey ,  Joseph Santoru

    IPC: H01J23/06 ,  H01J25/00

    CPC classification number: H01J25/005

    Abstract: A high-power microwave/mm-wave oscillator is filled with an ionizable gas at a pressure of about 1-20 mTorr, into which an electron beam is injected at a high current density of at least about 1 amp/cm.sup.2, but typically 50-100 A/cm.sup.2. A plasma is formed which inhibits space-charge blowup of the beam, thereby eliminating the prior requirement of a magnet system to control the beam. The system functions as a slow-wave tube to produce narrow-band microwaves for a gas pressure of about 1-5 mTorr, and as a plasma wave tube to produce broadband microwave/mm-wave radiation for a gas pressure of about 10-20 mTorr. A new high output, hollow-cathode-plasma electron gun is employed in which a metal oxide layer is formed on the inner surface to enhance the secondary electron yield; a cathode, grid, and extraction anode have respective sets of multiple apertures which are mutually aligned to yield a high perveance beam; the cathode, grid, and anode are curved to geometrically focus the beam, and a beam with a circular cross-section is generated.

    Abstract translation: 大功率微波/毫米波振荡器以约1-20毫托的压力填充可电离气体，电子束以至少约1安/厘米2的高电流密度注入电子束，但通常为50 -100A / cm 2。 形成等离子体，其阻止光束的空间电荷喷射，从而消除磁体系统先前的要求来控制光束。 该系统用作慢波管，以产生约1-5mTorr的气体压力的窄带微波，并且作为等离子体波长管产生用于气体压力约10-20的宽带微波/毫米波辐射 mTorr。 采用新的高输出中空阴极 - 等离子体电子枪，其中在内表面上形成金属氧化物层以提高二次电子产率; 阴极，栅极和提取阳极具有相互对准的多个孔的各自的组，以产生高的通量束; 阴极，栅极和阳极弯曲成几何地聚焦光束，并且产生具有圆形横截面的光束。

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