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    Plasma wave tube
    1.
    发明授权
    Plasma wave tube 失效
    等离子波管

    公开(公告)号：US4916361A

    公开(公告)日：1990-04-10

    申请号：US181340

    申请日：1988-04-14

    Applicant: Robert W. Schumacher ,  Joseph Santoru

    Inventor： Robert W. Schumacher ,  Joseph Santoru

    IPC: H01J17/64 ,  H01J25/00

    CPC classification number: H01J25/005

    Abstract: A plasma wave tube is described in which a pair of counterpropagating electron beams are injected into a waveguide housing in which a plasma is formed, prefeferably by an array of fine wire anodes. The electron beams couple with the plasma to produce electron plasma waves, which radiate electromagnetic energy for beam voltages and currents above established threshold levels. A rapid control over output frequency is achieved by controlling the plasma discharge current, while the output power can be controlled by controlling the voltage and/or current levels of the electron beams.

    Abstract translation: 描述了一种等离子体波导管，其中一对反向传播的电子束被注入到其中形成等离子体的波导壳体中，优选地由细线状阳极阵列注入。 电子束与等离子体耦合以产生电子等离子体波，其辐射电磁能量以使束电压和电流高于建立的阈值水平。 通过控制等离子体放电电流实现对输出频率的快速控制，而可以通过控制电子束的电压和/或电流水平来控制输出功率。

    Plasma wave tube and method
    8.
    发明授权
    Plasma wave tube and method 失效
    等离子波管及方法

    公开(公告)号：US4978889A

    公开(公告)日：1990-12-18

    申请号：US181300

    申请日：1988-04-14

    Applicant: Robert W. Schumacher

    Inventor： Robert W. Schumacher

    IPC: H01J25/00

    CPC classification number: H01J25/005

    Abstract: A plasma wave tube and associated operating method are described in which a pair of cold-cathode electron beam generators discharge counterpropagating electron beams into an ionizable gas, preferably hydrogen or a noble gas, within a waveguide housing. A voltage within the approximate range of 4-20 kV relative to the waveguide housing is applied to the cathodes to produce electron beams with current densities of at least about 1 amp/cm.sup.2. The beams form a plasma within the gas and couple with the plasma to produce electron plasma waves, which are non-linearly coupled to radiate electromagnetic energy in the microwave to mm-wave region. A magnetic field is established within the waveguide between the cathodes to confine the plasma, and to control the beam discharge impedance. The gas pressure is held within the approximate range of 1-100 mTorr, preferably about 10-30 mTorr, to damp plasma instabilities and sustain the beam voltages, while the magnetic field is within the approximate range of 100-500 Gauss. A very rapid frequency slewing or chirping is achieved with a relatively high magnetic field that reduces the discharge impedance to the lower end of the permissible range. Frequency-stabilized operation is achieved with a lower magnetic field that increases the discharge impedance so that the beam current changes very slowly with time.

    Abstract translation: 描述了一种等离子体波管及其相关的操作方法，其中一对冷阴极电子束发生器将反向传播的电子束排放到波导壳体内的可电离气体，优选氢或惰性气体中。 将相对于波导壳体的4-20kV范围内的电压施加到阴极以产生电流密度为至少约1安培/ cm2的电子束。 光束在气体内形成等离子体并与等离子体耦合以产生电子等离子体波，其被非线性耦合以将微波中的电磁能辐射到毫米波区域。 在阴极之间的波导内建立磁场以限制等离子体，并且控制光束放电阻抗。 气体压力保持在1-100mTorr，优选约10-30mTorr的近似范围内，以阻止等离子体不稳定性并维持射束电压，同时磁场在100-500高斯的近似范围内。 通过相对较高的磁场实现非常快的频率回转或啁啾，从而将放电阻抗降低到允许范围的下限。 通过增加放电阻抗的较低磁场实现频率稳定的操作，使得束电流随时间变化非常缓慢。

    Microwave/far infrared cavities and waveguides using high temperature superconductors
    9.
    发明授权
    Microwave/far infrared cavities and waveguides using high temperature superconductors 失效
    使用高温超导体的微波/远红外腔和波导

    公开(公告)号：US4918049A

    公开(公告)日：1990-04-17

    申请号：US121923

    申请日：1987-11-18

    Applicant: Daniel R. Cohn ,  Leslie Bromberg ,  Benjamin Lax ,  Ward D. Halverson ,  Paul P. Woskov

    Inventor： Daniel R. Cohn ,  Leslie Bromberg ,  Benjamin Lax ,  Ward D. Halverson ,  Paul P. Woskov

    IPC: H01J23/20 ,  H01J25/00 ,  H01P1/16 ,  H01P3/08 ,  H01P3/12 ,  H01P7/06

    CPC classification number: H01P3/085 ,  H01J23/20 ,  H01J25/005 ,  H01P1/16 ,  H01P3/081 ,  H01P3/12 ,  H01P7/06 ,  Y10S505/701

    Abstract: The structures for confining or guiding high frequency electromagnetic radiation have surfaces facing the radiation constructed of high temperature superconducting materials, that is, materials having critical temperatures greater than approximately 35.degree.K. The use of high temperature superconductors removes the constraint of the relatively low energy gaps of conventional, low temperature superconductors which precluded their use at high frequencies. The high temperature superconductors also provide larger thermal margins and more effective cooling. Devices which will benefit from the structures of the invention include microwave cavities, millimeter-wave/far infrared cavities, gyrotron cavities, mode converters, accelerators and free electron lasers, and waveguides.

    Abstract translation: 用于限制或引导高频电磁辐射的结构具有面向由高温超导材料构成的辐射的表面，即临界温度大于约35°K的材料。使用高温超导体消除了较低能量的约束 传统的低温超导体的间隙，阻碍了它们在高频下的使用。 高温超导体还提供更大的热裕度和更有效的冷却。 将受益于本发明结构的装置包括微波腔，毫米波/远红外腔，陀螺仪腔，模式转换器，加速器和自由电子激光器以及波导。

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