Abstract:
The invention relates to a method for the hydrolytic polymerisation of null-caprolactam to polyamide-6, comprising a step (a) in which ring opening of part of the null-caprolactam to the corresponding amino caproic acid is effected in the presence of water and a step (b) in which polyaddition and polycondensation are effected under preferably anhydrous reaction conditions, in which at least one of the steps (a) and (b) is carried out in a reactor in which a self-renewing interface between the molten phase and the gas phase with a large surface/volume ratio of the molten phase is effected. The method is preferably effected in an horizontal scraped-surface reactor, since relatively strong mixing of the molten phase can be achieved in these and the molten phase is present in a thin layer, a large gas volume is present having a relatively high partial pressure of the water vapour and the thin layer is constantly renewed by shear forces. The method can be carried out in one reactor, preferably with several reaction zones, or with several reactors in series.
Abstract:
An aromatic polycarbodiimide comprising a structural unit represented by the following formula (I): 1 where R is an organic group having 3 or more carbon atoms, and n is an integer of 2 to 300, and a polycarbodiimide solution, a polycarbodiimide sheet, and an insulated coated electric wire which are prepared using the aromatic polycarbodiimide. The aromatic polycarbodiimide has high solubility in an organic solvent, satisfactory workability, and excellent heat resistance and humidity resistance. The insulated coated electric wire has excellent durability and is highly reliable under high pressure, high humidity conditions.
Abstract:
Provided are processes by which an ethylenimine polymer and an aqueous solution thereof can advantageously be produced at low costs in an industrial scale. The ethylenimine polymer can be produced by polymerizing crude ethylenimine obtained by a simple distilling operation from an ethylenimine-containing reaction mixture produced by subjecting ethanolamine to intermolecular dehydration reaction, preferably crude ethylenimine having impurity contents which are controlled in the specific ranges. When the above crude ethylenimine is polymerized in an aqueous medium, capable of being obtained is an aqueous solution of an ethylenimine polymer having a higher molecular weight than that produced by non-solvent polymerization. The ethylenimine polymer can be purified by, for example, adding water thereto, mixing them and then vaporizing and removing water under heating. The aqueous solution of an ethylenimine polymer can be purified by heating and condensing it.
Abstract:
A polycarbodiimide copolymer having a repeating structural unit represented by the following formula (1) in a number nullmnull: 1 (wherein R1 means a naphthylene group) and a repeating structural unit represented by the following formula (2) in a number nullnnull: 2 (wherein R2 means an organic diisocyanate residue other than the aforementioned R1) and also having on both termini a terminal structural unit derived from a monoisocyanate, wherein mnulln is from 3 to 200 and n/(mnulln) is from 0.05 to 0.99. The polycarbodiimide which has a refractive index higher than the general counterparts, is excellent in heat stability and has high workability and moldability.
Abstract:
The present invention provides a conductive polymer comprising a polybiphenylaniline which is doped with dopant comprising at least an acid having a single site of a group which dissociates proton.
Abstract:
A water-soluble block copolymer having a mass average molecular weight of 2500 to 800000 and comprising, within a molecule, a poly(ethylene imine) block unit and a poly(N-propionylethylene imine) block unit is a novel linear or star-shaped water-soluble block copolymer.
Abstract:
A phosphazene composition which has a content of volatile components of not less than 0.02% by weight and not more than 1.0% by weight when it is heated at 200null C. for 2 hours; is excellent in resistance to hydrolysis, and when the phosphazene composition is added to a resin, there is provided a resin composition which highly maintains the balance of resistance to hydrolysis, flame retardancy and stability of electric characteristics in a high-frequency field of not less than 1 GHz.
Abstract:
A host-guest polymer system including a polymer with an isoimide group and an organic chromophore and capable of converting into a side-chain polymer system, a side-chain nonlinear optical polymer derived from the host-guest polymer system, and a method for synthesizing the side-chain nonlinear optical polymer are provided. The method for synthesizing the side-chain nonlinear optical polymer involves forming a nonlinear optical polymer film based on a host-guest system in which an organic chromophore having a reactive group capable of nucleophilic reaction with an isoimide group is dispersed in a matrix including a polymer with the isoimide group having the following formula: 1 Next, the nonlinear optical film is poled at a first temperature in an electric field; and the organic chromophore is reacted with the polymer while poling at a second temperature which is higher than the first temperature, to synthesize the side-chain nonlinear optical polymer.
Abstract:
The invention provides a polyimide film manufactured from a polyamic acid prepared from pyromellitic dianhydride in combination with 10 to 60 mol % of phenylenediamine and 40 to 90 mol % of 3,4null-oxydianiline, based on the overall diamine. The polyimide film, when used as a metal interconnect board substrate in flexible circuits, chip scale packages (CSP), ball grid arrays (BGA) or tape-automated bonding (TAB) tape by providing metal interconnects on the surface thereof, achieves a good balance between a high elastic modulus, a low thermal expansion coefficient, alkali etchability and film formability.
Abstract:
A solvent-free, catalyst-free and contamination-free method of synthesis of polyimides is disclosed. The method includes polymerizing a diamine with 2,2-bis(3,4-dicarboxyphenyl)hexafluoropropane dianhydride (6FDA) at a pressure of 0.1-760 mm Hg, preferably a reduced pressure at about 36 mm Hg, and a temperature of 90-400null C., preferably 10-240null C.