Abstract:
A photon entanglement router comprises a modified birefringent spectral filter followed by a polarization beam splitter (PBS). Frequency degenerate or non-degenerate entangled photons, generated by a collinear laser source and incident on one input port of the photon entanglement router, are comprised of congruent photons and/or incongruent photons. The invention adds a plurality of additional filter stacks at each output port such that they invert the action of the first birefringent stack at the input port. Intermediate output photons from the invention is input to two ports of an additional PBS where they are spatially projected according to their frequencies and polarizations. Two congruent photons of an entangled photon pair exit as an entangled pair in one direction, while two incongruent photons exit as an entangled pair in the orthogonal direction. If one photon is congruent and the other photon incongruent, the photons remain entangled but are spectrally divided into orthogonal directions. The invention's birefringent spectral filter accepts specific input frequencies from the ITU optical C-band grid for proper operation.
Abstract:
An polarization information acquisition unit includes a phase adjuster configured to adjust phases of two linearly polarized components of incident light, which oscillate in directions orthogonal to each other, a detector configured to transmit a polarized component oscillating in one direction and not to transmit a polarized component oscillating in a direction orthogonal to the one direction, the polarized components being included in light emitted from the phase adjuster, and a photoelectric convertor configured to photoelectrically convert a polarized component transmitted through the detector. The phase adjuster has at least three areas. The at least three areas include at least two areas having phase adjusting amounts different from each other, and at least two areas having an identical phase adjusting amounts and having slow axes whose directions are different from each other by 20 to 90 degrees inclusive.
Abstract:
A method for determining the adhesion of material layers of any composition on sintered ceramic elements, in particular of material layers on sensor elements for determining gas constituents in gas mixtures. The coated ceramic elements are immersed in an immersion bath consisting of a protic acid, and then subjected to a shock-type heat treatment. Adhesion is then assessed.
Abstract:
A method for determining an amount of non-stabilized zirconia in a ceramic specimen involves subjecting the ceramic specimen to an environment having a controlled temperature and humidity and measuring mechanical and/or chemical properties of the specimen to determine if any deterioration of the specimen has occurred.
Abstract:
An apparatus for monitoring the underwater luminous field with an underwater vehicle, to determine, while submerged, the conditions of sea surface and cloud cover and locate the vehicle''s position by solar navigating techniques. The apparatus measures underwater polarization of solar light in magnitude and its spatial distribution as a function of time and thus determines the condition of sea surface and cloud cover, while submerged at operational depths.
Abstract:
Certain examples are directed to methods for detection of anomalies in semiconductor thin-film materials, such as strains, defects and the like, that may precipitate defects in semiconductor processing steps and may adversely impact device and system-level functionality, processing, and yields. Certain methods use filtering optics to provide a set of filter-separated light beams respectively associated with different polarization states of polarized light directed towards a semiconductor-related material sample, and providing a set of sample-characterizing response data based on factors such as sets of polarization-state values, different wavelengths associated with the polarization states, and/or light-incidence angles characterizing separation of the different polarization states. Based on these factors, the types and severities of such anomalies may be analyzed and the related defects remedied.
Abstract:
The present invention relates to an antireflection film being capable of realizing high scratch resistance and antifouling property while simultaneously having low reflectivity and high light transmittance, and further being capable of enhancing screen sharpness of a display device.
Abstract:
The present invention relates to an antireflection film being capable of realizing high scratch resistance and antifouling property while simultaneously having low reflectivity and high light transmittance, and further being capable of enhancing screen sharpness of a display device, and a method for preparing the antireflection film.
Abstract:
An object detection system uses a change in a linear polarization statistic between a first image at a first time and a second image at a second time to determine the presence or the likelihood of an object beneath a surface. The presence of the object may be determined by regions of anomalously high changes in the polarization statistic. The system may use a polarization change detection detector which may simultaneously capture images in multiple polarization channels. Further, the polarization change detection detector may be coupled with a laser interferometry system. Further, the polarization change detection detector may be used to capture a time series of images to determine the polarization decorrelation time for each pixel in the field of view to provide additional detail regarding an object detected beneath the surface.