Preparation of 5-methylbutyrolactone
    51.
    发明授权
    Preparation of 5-methylbutyrolactone 失效
    5-甲基丁酰胺的制备

    公开(公告)号:US5189182A

    公开(公告)日:1993-02-23

    申请号:US236199

    申请日:1988-08-25

    IPC分类号: C07D315/00

    CPC分类号: C07D315/00

    摘要: 5-Methylbutyrolactone is prepared by a process in which a pentenoic ester of the formula IX--CO.sub.2 R (I),where X is CH.sub.2 .dbd.CH--CH.sub.2 --CH.sub.2 --, CH.sub.3 --CH.dbd.CH--CH.sub.2 -- or CH.sub.3 --CH.sub.2 --CH.dbd.CH-- and R is alkyl, cycloalkyl, aralkyl or aryl, or a mixture of these esters is reacted with water at from 50.degree. to 350.degree. C. in the presence or absence of a diluenta) over a zeolite and/or phosphate catalyst orb) in the presence of from 0.01 to 0.25 mole of a sulfonic acid, a Lewis acid and/or a non-oxidizing mineral acid per mole of pentenoic ester or over from 0.1 to 40% by weight, based on the pentenoic ester, of a strongly acidic ion exchanger as a catalyst in a first stage, or the pentenoic ester of the formula I, where X and R have the stated meanings, is hydrolyzed in a first stage with the aid of a strongly acidic ion exchanger as a catalyst to give the pentenoic acid of the formula I, where R is hydrogen, and the resulting pentenoic acid is subjected to cyclization in a second stage in the presence of from 0.005 to 0.1 mole of a sulfonic acid, a Lewis acid or a non-oxidizing mineral acid per mole of pentenoic acid or over from 0.1 to 20% by weight, based on the pentenoic acid, of a strongly acidic ion exchanger at from 50.degree. to 350.degree. C.

    摘要翻译: 通过以下方法制备5-甲基丁内酯,其中式I X-CO 2 R(I)的戊烯酸酯,其中X为CH 2 = CH-CH 2 -CH 2 - ,CH 3 -CH = CH-CH 2 - 或CH 3 -CH 2 -CH = CH-和R是烷基,环烷基,芳烷基或芳基,或这些酯的混合物与水在50-350℃下在存在或不存在稀释剂a)的情况下与沸石和/或磷酸盐 催化剂或b)在0.01至0.25摩尔磺酸,路易斯酸和/或非氧化性无机酸/摩尔烯酸酯存在下或基于戊烯酸酯为0.1至40重量% 的作为第一阶段的催化剂的强酸性离子交换剂或其中X和R具有所述含义的式I的戊烯酸在第一阶段中借助于强酸性离子交换剂作为 催化剂得到式I的戊烯酸,其中R是氢,所得戊烯酸在第二阶段中在0.005t的存在下进行环化 o 0.1摩尔磺酸,路易斯酸或非氧化性无机酸/摩尔烯酸,或超过0.1-20重量%,基于戊烯酸,强酸性离子交换剂为50〜 350℃

    Preparation of pyridines
    53.
    发明授权
    Preparation of pyridines 失效
    吡啶的制备

    公开(公告)号:US5081247A

    公开(公告)日:1992-01-14

    申请号:US449401

    申请日:1989-12-19

    摘要: Pyridines of the formula ##STR1## where the individual radicals R.sup.1 may be identical or different and are each hydrogen or an aliphatic radical are prepared by reactinga) a 2-alkoxy-2,3-dihydro-4H-pyran of the formula ##STR2## or b) a glutaraldehyde of the formula ##STR3## where R.sup.1 has the abovementioned meansings and R.sup.2 is an aliphatic radical, with ammonia in the presence of an acidic, solid catalyst.

    摘要翻译: 其中各个基团R 1可以相同或不同并且各自为氢或脂族基团的式(Ⅺ)的吡啶通过使a)2-烷氧基-2,3-二氢-4H-吡喃与 式(II)或b)在酸性固体催化剂的存在下,氨与式(III)的戊二醛,其中R 1具有上述含义并且R 2是脂族基团。

    Preparation of .alpha.-ketocarboxylic esters
    55.
    发明授权
    Preparation of .alpha.-ketocarboxylic esters 失效
    α-酮羧酸酯的制备

    公开(公告)号:US4968831A

    公开(公告)日:1990-11-06

    申请号:US323861

    申请日:1989-03-15

    CPC分类号: C07C67/313 C07C69/738

    摘要: .alpha.-Ketocarboxylic esters ##STR1## where R.sup.1, R.sup.2, R.sup.3, R.sup.4 and R.sup.5 are identical to or different from one another and are each hydrogen or straight-chain or branched alkyl, alkenyl, hydroxyl, alkoxy cycloalkyl or halogen and R.sup.6 is unbranched lower alkyl, are prepared by reacting glycidic esters of the formula ##STR2## where R.sup.1, R.sup.2, R.sup.3, R.sup.4, R.sup.5 and R.sup.6 are each as defined above, in the presence of zeolites or phosphates and/or phosphoric acid or boric acid on a carrier material and/or acidic metal oxides as catalysts and are used for preparing phenylacetic esters.

    摘要翻译: α-酮羧酸酯,其中R 1,R 2,R 3,R 4和R 5彼此相同或不同,各自为氢或直链或支链烷基,烯基,羟基,烷氧基环烷基或卤素,R6为未分支的 烷基,通过在载体上的沸石或磷酸盐和/或磷酸或硼酸的存在下使式(I)的缩水甘油酯反应来制备,其中R 1,R 2,R 3,R 4,R 5和R 6各自如上所定义 材料和/或酸性金属氧化物作为催化剂,并用于制备苯乙酸酯。

    Preparation of substituted pyridines
    56.
    发明授权
    Preparation of substituted pyridines 失效
    取代吡啶的制备

    公开(公告)号:US4960894A

    公开(公告)日:1990-10-02

    申请号:US278362

    申请日:1988-12-01

    摘要: Preparation of substituted pyridines of the general formula (I) ##STR1## by the reaction of acrolein and ammonia with alkanals or ketones of the general formula (II), the acetals of the alkanals,R.sup.2 --CO--CH.sub.2 --CO--R.sup.1 IIwhere R.sup.1 is hydrogen or an alkyl of from 1 to 12 carbon atoms, cycloalkyl, aryl, or arylalkyl and R.sup.2 is an alkyl or alkoxy radical; the reaction is carried out in the presence of zeolites.

    摘要翻译: 通过丙烯醛和氨与通式(II)的链烷或酮的反应制备通式(I)的取代吡啶,其中链烷醛,R2-CO-CH2-CO- R1Ⅱ其中R1是氢或1至12个碳原子的烷基,环烷基,芳基或芳基烷基,R2是烷基或烷氧基; 反应在沸石存在下进行。

    Preparation of cyanopyridines
    57.
    发明授权
    Preparation of cyanopyridines 失效
    制备氰基吡啶

    公开(公告)号:US4931564A

    公开(公告)日:1990-06-05

    申请号:US279041

    申请日:1988-12-02

    摘要: Cyanopyridines of the formula ##STR1## are prepared by reacting acrolein and an alkanal ##STR2## or its acetal or ketone of the formula ##STR3## where R.sup.1, R.sup.2 and R.sup.3 may be identical or different and are each hydrogen, alkyl of 1 to 6 carbon atoms or aryl and R.sup.4 is alkyl and n is 0-11, with ammonia in the presence of a zeolite as a catalyst. The reaction is preferably carried out in the gas phase.

    摘要翻译: 通过使丙烯醛和其中R 1,R 2和R 3可以相同或不同并且各自为氢的烷基,其中R1,R2和R3可以相同或不同,可以通过使丙烯醛和链烷醛或其缩醛或酮的化学式< IMAGE> 碳原子或芳基,R4是烷基,n是0-11,氨在作为催化剂的沸石存在下进行。 反应优选在气相中进行。

    Preparation of N-heterocycles
    58.
    发明授权
    Preparation of N-heterocycles 失效
    N-杂环的制备

    公开(公告)号:US4929733A

    公开(公告)日:1990-05-29

    申请号:US207861

    申请日:1988-06-17

    IPC分类号: C07D209/08 C07D295/023

    摘要: N-heterocycles of the general formulae (I) and (II) ##STR1## where R.sup.1 and R.sup.4 to R.sup.9 are each hydrogen, alkyl, aryl, aralkyl, alkylaryl or cycloalkyl and R.sup.2 and R.sup.3 are each an alkyl, alkylaryl, substituted alkyl or cycloalkyl group, are prepared by a process in which an olefin of the formula (III) or (IV) ##STR2## where R.sup.2 to R.sup.9 have the above meanings, is reacted with NH.sub.3 or with a primary amine of the formula H.sub.2 NR.sup.1, where R.sup.1 has the above meanings, in the presence of a zeolite as a catalyst.

    摘要翻译: 通式(I)和(II)的N-杂环化合物其中R 1和R 4至R 9各自为氢,烷基,芳基,芳烷基,烷基芳基或环烷基,R 2和R 3各自为烷基,烷基芳基,取代的烷基或 环烷基的方法通过其中R 2至R 9具有上述含义的式(III)或(IV)的烯烃与NH 3或伯胺进行反应的方法制备 式H2NR1,其中R1具有上述含义,在作为催化剂的沸石存在下。

    Preparation of diamines
    59.
    发明授权
    Preparation of diamines 失效
    二胺的制备

    公开(公告)号:US4914241A

    公开(公告)日:1990-04-03

    申请号:US206755

    申请日:1988-06-15

    IPC分类号: C07C209/60

    CPC分类号: C07C209/60 Y02P20/582

    摘要: Diamines of the formula ##STR1## where R.sup.1, R.sup.2 and R.sup.3 are each hydrogen, alkyl, aryl, alkoxy, aralkyl or cycloalkyl and X is a group of the formula(CR.sup.4 R.sup.5).sub.m (II)where R.sup.4 and R.sup.5 have the meanings given above for R.sup.1 and m is from 1 to 12, are prepared by a process in which a diamine of the formula ##STR2## where R.sup.1, R.sup.2 and X are the groups described above, is reacted with an olefin of the formula ##STR3## where R.sup.6 and R.sup.9 are each hydrogen or alkyl which is straight-chain in the .alpha.-position, in the presence of a zeolite as a catalyst.

    摘要翻译: 式(I)的二胺其中R 1,R 2和R 3各自为氢,烷基,芳基,烷氧基,芳烷基或环烷基,X为式(CR 4 R 5)m(II)的基团,其中R 4和R 5具有 对于R1和m给出的含义为1至12的方法通过以下方法制备:其中R1,R2和X为上述基团的式(III)的二胺与 式(VI)其中R 6和R 9各自为氢或在α位为直链的烷基,在作为催化剂的沸石存在下。

    Preparation of 4-formyltetrahydropyrans
    60.
    发明授权
    Preparation of 4-formyltetrahydropyrans 失效
    4-甲酰基四氢吡喃的制备

    公开(公告)号:US4824973A

    公开(公告)日:1989-04-25

    申请号:US89752

    申请日:1987-08-26

    CPC分类号: C07D309/06 Y02P20/582

    摘要: 4-Formyltetrahydropyrans of the general formula I ##STR1## where R.sup.1 is hydrogen, C.sub.1 -C.sub.12 -alkyl, C.sub.2 -C.sub.12 -alkenyl, C.sub.1 -C.sub.6 -alkoxy-substituted C.sub.1 -C.sub.12 -alkyl, C.sub.4 -C.sub.12 -cycloalkyl, unsubstituted or substituted aryl, hetaryl or aralkyl, or an unsubstituted or substituted, saturated or unsaturated 5-membered or 6-membered ring which may be interrupted by N, O or S, are prepared by a process in which a pyran derivative of the general formula II ##STR2## where R.sup.1 is as defined above, R.sup.2 and R.sup.3 are each OH or together are an oxygen atom and thus form an oxirane ring, and R.sup.4 is hydrogen where R.sup.2 and R.sup.3 are each OH, and is hydrogen or tert-butoxycarbonyl where R.sup.2 and R.sup.3 together are an oxygen atom, is treated at elevated temperatures with a catalyst selected from the group consisting of zeolites, phosphates, boric acid on a carrier and silica or mixtures of these. Novel 4-formyltetrahydropyrans are also proposed.

    摘要翻译: 其中R 1是氢,C 1 -C 12烷基,C 2 -C 12链烯基,C 1 -C 6烷氧基取代的C 1 -C 12烷基,C 4 -C 12环烷基,C 1 -C 12 - 烷基, 未取代或取代的芳基,杂芳基或芳烷基,或可被N,O或S中断的未取代或取代的饱和或不饱和的5元或6元环,是通过一般方法制备的, 式II其中R 1如上所定义,R 2和R 3各自为OH或一起为氧原子,因此形成环氧乙烷环,并且R 4为氢,其中R 2和R 3各自为OH并且为氢或 叔丁氧基羰基,其中R 2和R 3一起是氧原子,在高温下用选自沸石,磷酸盐,载体上的硼酸和二氧化硅或它们的混合物的催化剂进行处理。 还提出了新的4-甲酰基四氢吡喃。