公开(公告)号：US06727326B2

公开(公告)日：2004-04-27

申请号：US10258940

申请日：2002-10-29

Applicant: Frank-Olaf Mähling ,  Dieter Littmann ,  Andreas Daiss

Inventor： Frank-Olaf Mähling ,  Dieter Littmann ,  Andreas Daiss

IPC: C08F200

CPC classification number: B01J19/242 ,  B01J3/042 ,  B01J8/0005 ,  B01J8/067 ,  B01J2208/00035 ,  B01J2208/00212 ,  B01J2219/00033 ,  B01J2219/00056 ,  B01J2219/00094 ,  C08F10/02 ,  C08F2400/02 ,  C08F2/001

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for the continuous production of ethylene homo- and ethylene co-polymers in the presence of radical polymerisation initiators and, optionally, molecular weight regulators in a tubular reactor with a hot water jacket and one or several reaction zones at pressures of 1000 to 4000 bar and temperatures of 120° C. to 350° C. The hot water jacket of each reaction zone is divided into two independently-controllable, separate, longitudinal sections and the water exit temperature from the tubular jacket of the first longitudinal section per reaction zone, extending between the point of initiator addition and 20 to 50% of the reaction zone length, is set to 180° C. to 210° C. and in the following second longitudinal section of said reaction zone the hot water exit temperature from the tube jacket is set to 140° C. to 180° C.

Abstract translation: 本发明涉及在自由基聚合引发剂存在下连续生产乙烯均聚物和乙烯共聚物的方法，以及任选地，在具有热水套管和一个或多个反应区域的管式反应器中的分子量调节剂的压力 1000至4000巴，温度为120℃至350℃。每个反应区的热水套分为两个可独立控制的分开的纵向截面，并且第一纵向的管状护套的出水温度 在引发剂加入点和反应区长度的20〜50％之间延伸的每个反应区的截面设定为180℃至210℃，并且在所述反应区的随后的第二纵向段中，热水出口 管夹套的温度设定为140〜180℃。

公开(公告)号：US06720440B2

公开(公告)日：2004-04-13

申请号：US10273687

申请日：2002-10-18

Applicant: Helmut Hollfelder ,  Siegfried Pflaum ,  Franz Riener

Inventor： Helmut Hollfelder ,  Siegfried Pflaum ,  Franz Riener

IPC: C07F704

CPC classification number: C07F7/127 ,  B01J3/042 ,  B01J19/123 ,  B01J19/2415 ,  B01J2219/00033 ,  B01J2219/0277 ,  B01J2219/0883 ,  B01J2219/0884

Abstract: The invention relates to a process for the chlorination of methylsilanes, which comprises reacting methylsilanes with chlorine in the presence of at least 0.1% by weight of hydrogen chloride, based on the weight of methylsilane of the formula (II), under the action of electromagnetic radiation which induces chlorination, chlorine being used in a substoichiometric amount based on the methylsilane of the formula (II), and the reaction being carried out at temperatures below the boiling point of the methylsilane of the formula (II). The invention further relates to an apparatus suitable for carrying out the chlorination of an industrial scale.

Abstract translation: 本发明涉及甲基硅烷氯化方法，该方法包括在至少0.1％（重量）氯化氢存在下使甲基硅烷与氯反应，基于式（II）甲基硅烷的重量，在电磁作用下 诱导氯化的辐射，基于式（II）的甲基硅烷以亚化学计量的量使用氯，并且该反应在低于式（II）的甲基硅烷的沸点的温度下进行。 本发明还涉及适用于进行工业规模氯化的装置。

公开(公告)号：US20030185733A1

公开(公告)日：2003-10-02

申请号：US10258952

申请日：2003-05-19

Inventor： Simon Collard ,  Anders Gidner ,  Brian Harrison ,  Lars Stenmark

IPC: C22B011/00

CPC classification number: C22B11/048 ,  B01J3/008 ,  B01J3/042 ,  B01J19/2415 ,  B01J2219/00033 ,  B01J2219/00155 ,  B01J2219/00164 ,  B01J2219/182 ,  C02F1/72 ,  C22B11/042 ,  Y02P10/214 ,  Y02P20/544 ,  Y10S210/912

Abstract: A supercritical oxidation process carried out in water is capable of oxidising nullorganicsnull in precious metal organic compositions such as heterogeneous (Pt/C) or homogeneous precious metal catalysts and producing a precious metal oxide with few by-products and low losses of precious metal.

Abstract translation: 在水中进行的超临界氧化过程能够氧化贵金属有机组合物如异质（Pt / C）或均匀的贵金属催化剂中的“有机物”，并且生成贵金属氧化物，几乎没有副产物和低损耗的贵金属 。

公开(公告)号：US20030088117A1

公开(公告)日：2003-05-08

申请号：US10273687

申请日：2002-10-18

Applicant: Wacker-Chemie GmbH

Inventor： Helmut Hollfelder ,  Siegfried Pflaum ,  Franz Riener

IPC: C07F007/16

CPC classification number: C07F7/127 ,  B01J3/042 ,  B01J19/123 ,  B01J19/2415 ,  B01J2219/00033 ,  B01J2219/0277 ,  B01J2219/0883 ,  B01J2219/0884

Abstract: The invention relates to a process for the chlorination of methylsilanes, which comprises reacting methylsilanes with chlorine in the presence of at least 0.1% by weight of hydrogen chloride, based on the weight of methylsilane of the formula (II), under the action of electromagnetic radiation which induces chlorination, chlorine being used in a substoichiometric amount based on the methylsilane of the formula (II), and the reaction being carried out at temperatures below the boiling point of the methylsilane of the formula (II). The invention further relates to an apparatus suitable for carrying out the chlorination of an industrial scale.

Abstract translation: 本发明涉及甲基硅烷氯化方法，该方法包括在至少0.1％（重量）氯化氢存在下使甲基硅烷与氯反应，基于式（II）甲基硅烷的重量，在电磁作用下 诱导氯化的辐射，基于式（II）的甲基硅烷以亚化学计量的量使用氯，并且该反应在低于式（II）的甲基硅烷的沸点的温度下进行。 本发明还涉及适用于进行工业规模氯化的装置。

公开(公告)号：US5811496A

公开(公告)日：1998-09-22

申请号：US576657

申请日：1995-12-21

Applicant: John Maurice Iwasyk ,  Julie Anderson Rakestraw ,  Kenneth Wayne Leffew

Inventor： John Maurice Iwasyk ,  Julie Anderson Rakestraw ,  Kenneth Wayne Leffew

IPC: B01J3/04 ,  B01J19/24 ,  C07C67/03 ,  C08G63/78 ,  C08F20/00

CPC classification number: B01J19/245 ,  B01J19/243 ,  B01J3/042 ,  C07C67/03 ,  C08G63/78 ,  B01J2219/00069 ,  B01J2219/00099 ,  B01J2219/00162

Abstract: This invention is directed to an improved process for producing a polyester oligomer. The process employs a pipeline reactor, having at least two stages, in which the degree of polymerization of an oligomeric feed material is raised from about 2-10 to about 2-40 and the ratio of carboxyl to hydroxyl end groups in the product is reduced. In a first stage of the process, a monomeric diol or polyol, such as ethylene glycol, is added to a melt of the oligomeric feed material. In a second stage of the process, the molecular weight of the oligomer is increased by removal of volatile reaction by-products, including water and polyol. The oligomer produced by the present invention may be used in making higher molecular weight polyesters.

Abstract translation: 本发明涉及一种生产聚酯低聚物的改进方法。 该方法使用具有至少两个阶段的管线反应器，其中低聚进料的聚合度从约2-10至约2-40升高，并且产物中羧基与羟基端基的比例降低 。 在该方法的第一阶段中，将单体二醇或多元醇如乙二醇加入到低聚物料的熔体中。 在该方法的第二阶段，通过除去挥发性反应副产物（包括水和多元醇）来提高低聚物的分子量。 本发明制备的低聚物可用于制备较高分子量的聚酯。

公开(公告)号：US5571424A

公开(公告)日：1996-11-05

申请号：US394864

申请日：1995-02-27

Applicant: Kawaljit S. Ahluwalia

Inventor： Kawaljit S. Ahluwalia

IPC: B01J3/00 ,  B01J3/04 ,  B01J4/00 ,  B01J19/00 ,  B01J19/24 ,  C02F11/08 ,  C02F1/72

CPC classification number: C02F11/086 ,  B01J19/2415 ,  B01J3/008 ,  B01J3/042 ,  B01J4/00 ,  B01J2219/00085 ,  B01J2219/00112 ,  B01J2219/00157 ,  Y02P20/544

Abstract: A process and apparatus for the supercritical water oxidation of organic waste materials which avoids or at least substantially reduces the corrosion and solids deposition problems associated with prior art techniques and which provides for efficient heating of the waste material to reaction conditions. Externally heated supercritical water is fed to a compound platelet tube reactor. The compound reactor includes a reaction zone and inner (smaller) and outer (larger) concentric platelet tubes supported concentrically within a shell. The water fed to the reactor both protectively coats surfaces of the inner and outer platelet tubes facing the reaction zone and heats the waste stream to oxidation reaction conditions. Higher reaction temperatures can be used as compared to prior art processes, which significantly improves the reaction rate and permits smaller reactors to be used. The protective films of water on the surfaces of the platelet tubes, coupled with the elimination of preheating of the waste material, substantially reduces solids deposition and corrosion.

Abstract translation: 用于有机废物的超临界水氧化的方法和装置，其避免或至少基本上减少与现有技术相关的腐蚀和固体沉积问题，并提供废物对反应条件的有效加热。 将外部加热的超临界水送入复合血小板反应器。 复合反应器包括反应区和内（较小）和外（较小）的同心的小心管，同心地在壳内。 供应到反应器的水均有保护地涂覆面向反应区的内部和外部血小板管的表面，并将废物流加热至氧化反应条件。 与现有技术方法相比，可以使用更高的反应温度，这显着地提高了反应速率并允许使用较小的反应器。 在血小板管表面上的水的保护膜加上消除废物的预热，基本上减少了固体沉积和腐蚀。

公开(公告)号：US5385712A

公开(公告)日：1995-01-31

申请号：US163900

申请日：1993-12-07

Applicant: Darren K. Sprunk

Inventor： Darren K. Sprunk

IPC: B01J3/00 ,  B01J3/04 ,  B01J19/24 ,  B01L3/00 ,  B01J8/04 ,  B01J19/00

CPC classification number: B01L3/502 ,  B01J19/242 ,  B01J19/245 ,  B01J3/006 ,  B01J3/042 ,  B01J2219/00063 ,  B01J2219/00069 ,  B01J2219/00083

Abstract: A modular chemical reactor. The reactor includes a reactor housing having identical and interchangeable ends, a reaction chamber within the reactor housing, a pair of identical and interchangeable modular seal nuts connected to the ends of the reactor housing, and a pair of double-sided screen seals within the modular seal nuts.

Abstract translation: 模块式化学反应器。 反应器包括具有相同且可互换的端部的反应器壳体，反应器壳体内的反应室，连接到反应器壳体的端部的一对相同且可互换的模块化密封螺母，以及模块内的一对双面密封螺母 密封螺母

公开(公告)号：US5217687A

公开(公告)日：1993-06-08

申请号：US709309

申请日：1991-06-03

Applicant: Kenneth R. Sewell

Inventor： Kenneth R. Sewell

IPC: A61L11/00 ,  H05B6/80

CPC classification number: H05B6/80 ,  A61L11/00 ,  B01J19/126 ,  B01J3/042 ,  H05B2206/045 ,  Y10S423/18

Abstract: The invention includes a pressure vessel and a method of pressurizing, via a fluid medium, waste matter at an ultra high pressure. The invention includes an ultra high pressure vessel. The pressure vessel has quick opening closures at each end. A fluid medium is available for supply to pressure vessel cavity within the pressure vessel. A means for supplying the fluid medium under ultra high pressures into the fluid vessel cavity is also provided. The invention further includes a ram means or a means for loading and compacting the waste matter. The method includes pressurizing the matter at a sufficient pressure and holding the pressure for a sufficient time to sterilize the matter.

Abstract translation: 本发明包括压力容器和通过流体介质以超高压对废物进行加压的方法。 本发明包括超高压容器。 压力容器在每端具有快速的开口闭合。 流体介质可用于供应到压力容器内的压力容器腔。 还提供了用于将流体介质在超高压下供应到流体容器腔中的装置。 本发明还包括一种压头装置或用于装载和压实废物的装置。 该方法包括在足够的压力下对物质进行加压并保持足够的时间以对物质进行消毒。

公开(公告)号：US4997511A

公开(公告)日：1991-03-05

申请号：US472794

申请日：1990-01-31

Applicant: Cosby M. Newsom

Inventor： Cosby M. Newsom

IPC: B01J3/00 ,  B01J3/04 ,  B29C35/02 ,  B29C43/12 ,  B29C70/44 ,  B30B11/00

CPC classification number: B01J3/042 ,  B01J3/006 ,  B29C35/0227 ,  B29C70/44 ,  B30B11/001 ,  B29C43/12

Abstract: A method and apparatus for mass producing composite products comprising a novel autoclave having a cylindrical vacuum chamber; a cylindrical compression chamber surrounding the vacuum chamber; a reusable, flexible diaphragm defining the boundary between the chambers; and means for supplying heat and pressure between the diaphragm and the compression chamber. A core or mandrel is wrapped with a fiber-reinforced resin and is placed in the autoclave within the flexible diaphragm. Alternatively, a part layup can be sandwiched between an elastomeric caul and a hard tool by wrapping with expendable shrink tape to accommodate a variety of part shapes having constant or nearly constant cross sections throughout their length. The autoclave is then sealed and evacuated, causing the diaphragm to compress the resin layer against its core or mandrel due to atmospheric or higher pressure in the compression chamber. The autoclave is then heated to cure the resin. Subsequently, the autoclave is unsealed and the finished product is removed, with the autoclave immediately available for reuse.

Abstract translation: 一种用于批量生产复合产品的方法和装置，包括具有圆柱形真空室的新型高压釜; 围绕真空室的圆柱形压缩室; 一个可重复使用的柔性隔膜，限定了室之间的边界; 以及用于在隔膜和压缩室之间提供热和压力的装置。 芯或心轴用纤维增强树脂包裹，并置于柔性隔膜内的高压釜中。 或者，通过用消耗性收缩胶带包裹以适应在其整个长度上具有恒定或几乎恒定的横截面的各种部件形状，可以将部分叠层夹在弹性垫和硬工具之间。 然后将高压釜密封并排空，由于压缩室中的大气压或更高的压力，隔膜将树脂层压靠其芯或心轴。 然后将高压釜加热以固化树脂。 随后，将高压釜开封，并将成品除去，高压釜立即可供重新使用。

公开(公告)号：US4744908A

公开(公告)日：1988-05-17

申请号：US17659

申请日：1987-02-24

Applicant: Hermann W. Peterscheck ,  Leonard A. Kaufmann

Inventor： Hermann W. Peterscheck ,  Leonard A. Kaufmann

IPC: B01J19/00 ,  B01J3/00 ,  B01J3/04 ,  B01J19/24 ,  C02F11/08 ,  C02F1/74

CPC classification number: C02F11/083 ,  B01J3/042

Abstract: A process for effecting chemical reactions, including wet oxidation reactions, in a deep well or down-hole reactor preferably providing a crosscurrent flow in a nested tube configuration wherein the influent fluid is in heat transfer relation with the effluent fluid. The disclosed process includes flowing an influent fluid including the reactants downwardly through a downcomer pipe which extends below ground in a subterranean opening or well casing forming a hydrostatic column of fluid, which defines a predetermined pressure, with the reactants at a temperature sufficient to initiate and maintain the desired chemical reaction. The method then includes flowing the effluent fluid upwardly through an upcomer pipe to ground level, preferably in heat transfer relation with the downflowing influent fluid. The method of this invention includes boiling the effluent fluid in the upcomer pipe, thereby reducing the hydrostatic fluid pressure in the upcomer and increasing the mass flow rate. The boiling of the effluent in the upcomer pipe may be initiated periodically at predetermined timed intervals to reduce pump pressure and increase the mass flow rate through the apparatus or the boiling of the effluent may be maintained to substantially eliminate pump pressure following initiation of an exothermic reaction in the reaction zone defined at the lower extent of a deep well reaction apparatus.