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51.发明授权
公开(公告)号：US4846943A
公开(公告)日：1989-07-11
申请号：US58920
申请日：1987-06-05
申请人： Johan Coetzer , Roger J. Wedlake
发明人： Johan Coetzer , Roger J. Wedlake
摘要： A method of making an (alkali metal) (metal) halide compound and an alkali metal, the compound having the formula MDHal.sub.x+1 in which D is a metal; M is an alkali metal; Hal is a halide; and x is the valency of the metal D. The compound is made by exposing to one another a molten MDHal.sub.x+1 compound, a metal D and an alkali metal halide having the formula MHal. The MDHal.sub.x+1 compound is separated from a molten alkali metal M by means of a separator which is in contact with both the molten MAlHal.sub.4 and molten alkali metal. The separator can include a solid conductor of ions of the alkali metal or a micromolecular sieve having the alkali metal absorbed therein. A sufficient electrical potential is applied across the electrolytic cell D/MHal/MDHal.sub.x+1 .parallel.separator.parallel.alkali metal to cause the following reactions to take place: xMHal+D.fwdarw.XM+DHal.sub.x and MHal+DHal.sub.x .fwdarw.MDHal.sub.x+1. The alkali metal formed in the first reaction passes through the separator and into the molten alkali metal. The electrical potential is a direct current potential arranged so that electrons are fed via an external circuit into the molten alkali metal.
摘要翻译： 制备（碱金属）（金属）卤化物和碱金属的方法，其中D为金属的具有式MDHalx + 1的化合物; M是碱金属; Hal是卤化物; x是金属D的化合价。化合物是通过使熔融的MDHalx + 1化合物，金属D和具有式MHal的碱金属卤化物相互暴露来制备的。 通过与熔融的MA1Hal4和熔融碱金属两者接触的隔板将MDHalx + 1化合物与熔融的碱金属M分离。 分离器可以包括碱金属的离子的固体导体或其中吸收有碱金属的微分子筛。 在电解槽D / MHal / MDHalx + 1 PARALLEL分离器PARALLEL碱金属上施加足够的电势，引起以下反应：xMHal + D-> XM + DHalx和MHal + DHalx-> MDHalx + 1。 在第一反应中形成的碱金属通过隔板并进入熔融碱金属。 电位是直流电位，其布置成使得电子通过外部电路进入熔融碱金属。
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52.发明授权
公开(公告)号：US4804448A
公开(公告)日：1989-02-14
申请号：US65962
申请日：1987-06-24
摘要： A process and apparatus for electrochemically separating alkali oxides to simultaneously generate oxygen gas and liquid alkali metals in a high temperature electrolytic cell is provided. The high temperature electrolytic cell comprises a cathode in contact with an alkali ion conducting molten salt electrolyte separated from the anode by an oxygen vacancy conducting solid electrolyte. Alkali metals separated in the alkali metal reducing half cell reaction are useful as reducing agents in the direct thermochemical refining of lunar metal oxide ores to produce metallic species and alkali oxides, and the alkali oxides may then be recycled to the high temperature electrolytic cell.
摘要翻译： 提供一种用于电化学分离碱金属氧化物同时在高温电解池中产生氧气和液态碱金属的方法和装置。 高温电解池包括与通过氧空位传导固体电解质从阳极分离的导电熔融盐电解质的碱离子接触的阴极。 在碱金属还原半电池反应中分离的碱金属可用作月桂金属氧化物矿石的直接热化学精炼中的还原剂，以产生金属物质和碱金属氧化物，然后将碱金属氧化物再循环到高温电解池中。
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53.发明授权Process and apparatus for producing high-purity lithium metal by fused-salt electrolysis 失效通过熔盐电解生产高纯度锂金属的方法和装置
公开(公告)号：US4740279A
公开(公告)日：1988-04-26
申请号：US907069
申请日：1986-09-12
申请人： Jurgen Muller , Richard Bauer , Bernd Sermond , Eike Dolling
发明人： Jurgen Muller , Richard Bauer , Bernd Sermond , Eike Dolling
CPC分类号： C25C3/02
摘要： This invention relates to a process of producing lithium metal by the electrolysis of fused mixed salts comprising electrolyzing fused mixed salts consisting of lithium chloride and potassium chloride in a diaphragmless electrolytic cell, withdrawing molten lithium metal from the cell to a receiver and cooling the lithium metal which has been withdrawn. To decrease the content of impurities in a continuous process, molten mixture which rises in the interelectrode space in the cell and contains lithium metal is collected in an annular zone, which surrounds the top end of the cathode adjacent to the surface level of the molten mixture, said molten mixture is withdrawn from said annular zone through a siphon pipe and is supplied from the latter to a separating chamber, which communicates with the electrolytic cell and is sealed from the chlorine gas atmosphere in the electrolytic cell, electrolyte and lithium are separated in the separating chamber under a protective gas atmosphere, lithium metal is discharged from the separating chamber into a receiver under a protective gas atmosphere, and the electrolyte is recycled from the separating chamber to the electrolytic cell. An electrolytic cell for carrying out the process is also described.
摘要翻译： 本发明涉及通过熔融混合盐的电解生产锂金属的方法，包括在无隔膜电解池中电解由氯化锂和氯化钾组成的熔融混合盐，将熔融的锂金属从电池中取出到容器中并冷却锂金属 已经撤回。 为了减少连续过程中的杂质含量，在电池中的电极间空间中升高并且含有锂金属的熔融混合物被收集在环形区域中，该环形区域围绕与熔融混合物的表面水平相邻的阴极顶端 所述熔融混合物通过虹吸管从所述环形区域中排出，并从后者供给到与电解槽连通并与电解槽中的氯气气氛密封的分离室，电解质和锂分离 在保护气体环境下的分离室中，锂金属在保护气体气氛下从分离室排出到接收器中，并且电解质从分离室再循环到电解槽。 还描述了用于执行该方法的电解池。
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54.发明授权
公开(公告)号：US4707239A
公开(公告)日：1987-11-17
申请号：US838491
申请日：1986-03-11
摘要： An improved electrode assembly is disclosed for use in electrolytic cells for producing metal by the electrolysis of a molten-salt electrolyte. The electrode assembly includes at least one anode and cathode disposed within an electrolytic cell in a spaced-relationship to thereby define an inter-electrode space and an effective electrolyte bath area. The parallel, opposed sides of the anode and cathode defining the inter-electrode space of the improved electrode assembly have an offset, sawtooth pattern of triangular peaks and valleys to thereby increase the effective electrode surface area and to facilitate the rapid, effective removal of gas produced during electrolysis from the anode and from the inter-electrode, electrolyte bath area. To further facilitate the removal of such gases, the anode of the present invention includes a uniformly distributed plurality of gas evacuation apertures therethrough.
摘要翻译： 公开了一种改进的电极组件，用于通过电解熔盐电解液来生产金属的电解槽。 电极组件包括至少一个阳极和阴极，其布置在间隔开的电解池内，从而限定电极间空间和有效的电解质浴区。 限定改进的电极组件的电极间空间的阳极和阴极的平行的相对侧具有三角形峰和谷的偏移的锯齿形图案，从而增加有效电极的表面面积，并有助于快速，有效地去除气体 在电解期间从阳极和电极间电解液浴区产生。 为了进一步促进这种气体的去除，本发明的阳极包括均匀分布的多个通过其排出的排气孔。
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公开(公告)号：US4455202A
公开(公告)日：1984-06-19
申请号：US404316
申请日：1982-08-02
IPC分类号： C25C3/02
CPC分类号： C25C3/02
摘要： Process for producing lithium by electroreduction of a lithium compound dispersed in a fused salt electrolyte and deposition of said electroreduced lithium in a liquid metal cathode from which said lithium is recovered.
摘要翻译： 通过电解还原分散在熔盐电解质中的锂化合物并将所述电还原锂沉积在回收所述锂的液态金属阴极中来生产锂的方法。
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公开(公告)号：US4447300A
公开(公告)日：1984-05-08
申请号：US411433
申请日：1982-08-25
摘要： An axially displaceable electrode holder for use in fusion electrolysis, for holding active parts of self-consuming or of slowly self-consuming material by a screw nipple or the like. The electrode holder can have a cooling means with an inflow channel and a return channel and at least partially and preferably in its lower area a protective layer. On its surface a contact arrangement is provided by means of which the electrode holder can be detachably connected to the power supply, while on said electrode holder a plurality of electrical and/or mechanical contact sites are detachably disposed, are made of pressure resistant material, and extend at least over one part of the area of axial displacement of said electrode holder. This electrode holder is distinguished by high operational capacity, flexibility in handling and good electrical properties.
摘要翻译： 用于熔融电解的可轴向移动的电极夹持器，用于通过螺纹接头等保持自耗或缓慢的自耗材料的活性部分。 电极保持器可以具有冷却装置，其具有流入通道和返回通道，并且至少部分地且优选地在其下部区域中具有保护层。 在其表面上提供接触装置，通过该接触装置，电极保持器可以可拆卸地连接到电源，而在所述电极保持器上，多个电和/或机械接触位置可拆卸地设置，由耐压材料制成， 并且延伸至所述电极夹持器的轴向位移区域的至少一部分以上。 该电极座具有高操作能力，操作灵活性和良好的电气特性。
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公开(公告)号：US4274938A
公开(公告)日：1981-06-23
申请号：US97968
申请日：1979-11-28
申请人： Rudolf Schulten , Friedrich Behr , Helmut Wenzl
发明人： Rudolf Schulten , Friedrich Behr , Helmut Wenzl
IPC分类号： C25B1/04 , C25B1/02 , C25B1/14 , C25B9/00 , C25B9/06 , C25B9/08 , C25B15/08 , C25C3/02 , C25B13/04
CPC分类号： C25B1/02 , C25B1/14 , Y02E60/366 , Y02P20/132 , Y10T428/12063
摘要： An apparatus for producing hydrogen and oxygen or oxides wherein electrolysis of an aqueous system is carried out using, in the cathode compartment of the electrolysis cell, a hydride-forming liquid metal, the resulting hydride being thermally decomposed to produce the hydrogen.
摘要翻译： 一种用于生产氢和氧或氧化物的设备，其中使用在电解池的阴极室中进行电解的氢化物形成液态金属，所得的氢化物被热分解以产生氢。
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公开(公告)号：US4216273A
公开(公告)日：1980-08-05
申请号：US966398
申请日：1978-12-04
申请人： Francois Cadart , Alain Coulombeau
发明人： Francois Cadart , Alain Coulombeau
摘要： Electrochemical device comprises a negative compartment and a positive compartment. The negative compartment contains a negative medium formed at least in part of a liquid metal, and the negative and positive compartments are separated by a solid separator which is capable of being traversed by ions of the metal and is a conductor of said ions. The device is characterized by the fact that the negative compartment contains a solid electrolyte which is a conductor of these ions, this electrolyte separating the negative compartment into two regions--on the one hand, a negative region containing the negative medium and a negative collector, and, on the other hand, an intermediate region, located between the separator and the electrolyte, containing an intermediate medium formed at least in part of the metal in liquid state and/or of at least one salt of the metal in dissolved or molten state.
摘要翻译： 电化学装置包括负隔室和正隔室。 负室包含至少部分液态金属形成的负介质，负极和正隔室由能够被金属的离子穿过并且是所述离子的导体的固体分离器分离。 该装置的特征在于，负隔室包含作为这些离子的导体的固体电解质，该电解质将负隔室分离成两个区域 - 一方面，包含负介质和负收集器的负区域， 另一方面，位于分离器和电解质之间的中间区域包含至少部分液态金属形成的中间介质和/或处于溶解或熔融状态的金属的至少一种盐 。
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公开(公告)号：US4192724A
公开(公告)日：1980-03-11
申请号：US950111
申请日：1978-10-10
申请人： Takeshi Minami , Shinichi Toda
发明人： Takeshi Minami , Shinichi Toda
摘要： A method for electrolyzing a molten chloride which comprises electrolyzing a molten bath of a chloride of a metal more base than hydrogen, such as sodium, magnesium, calcium or aluminum, in an electrolytic cell containing an anode and a cathode to form chlorine at the surface of the anode and the metal at the surface of the cathode,wherein the anode comprises an electrically conductive substrate resistant to corrosion by the molten bath of the metal chloride and the electrolysis products thereof and having thereon a coating of a noble metal oxide, andwith the electrolysis being carried out in the presence of an oxide or oxychloride of a metal more base than the metal formed at the cathode where the concentration of the oxide or oxychloride of the metal present in the molten bath, expressed as the mole fraction of free oxygen ion, is at least about 1.times.10.sup.-4.
摘要翻译： 一种用于电解氯化氯的方法，其包括在含有阳极和阴极的电解池中电解比诸如钠，镁，钙或铝的氢更碱性金属的氯化物的熔池，以在表面形成氯 阳极和金属在阴极表面，其中阳极包括耐金属氯化物的熔池和其电解产物的腐蚀的导电基底，并且在其上具有贵金属氧化物的涂层，并且与 电解是在金属氧化物或氯氧化物的存在下进行的，其金属比在阴极处形成的金属更碱，其中存在于熔池中的金属的氧化物或氯氧化物的浓度以游离氧的摩尔分数表示 离子，至少约1×10 -4。
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公开(公告)号：US4133727A
公开(公告)日：1979-01-09
申请号：US797747
申请日：1977-05-17
申请人： Elmer H. Rogers, Jr.
发明人： Elmer H. Rogers, Jr.
CPC分类号： C25C3/08 , C25C7/005 , Y02P10/262
摘要： A method is disclosed by which heat may be extracted from an electrolysis chamber containing a molten salt bath. The method includes providing the chamber with a portion having a surface bordering directly on a gas space above the molten salt bath. Constituents from the bath are spewed and/or evaporated into this gas space. The mentioned portion is cooled so that the temperature of the surface bordering on the gas space is at least 200.degree. C below the bath temperature and above the freezing point of the mentioned constituents. This allows the constituents to deposit on the mentioned portion in liquid form, and drop back into the bath.
摘要翻译： 公开了一种可以从含有熔融盐浴的电解室中提取热量的方法。 该方法包括向腔室提供具有直接接合在熔融盐浴上方的气体空间上的表面的部分。 来自浴缸的成分被喷出和/或蒸发到这个气体空间中。 将所述部分冷却，使得与气体空间接壤的表面的温度低于浴温至少200℃并高于所述组分的凝固点。 这允许组分以液体形式沉积在所述部分上，并且回到浴中。
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