公开(公告)号：US20090149736A1

公开(公告)日：2009-06-11

申请号：US12265785

申请日：2008-11-06

Applicant: Frank M. Skidmore ,  Mark Davidson

Inventor： Frank M. Skidmore ,  Mark Davidson

IPC: A61B5/055

CPC classification number: A61B5/04009 ,  A61B5/04008 ,  A61B5/11 ,  A61B5/6814 ,  A61B2562/02 ,  A61B2562/046 ,  G01R33/0354

Abstract: Devices disclosed according to various embodiments use one or more arrays of atomic magnetometers to directly detection of relaxation of magnetic field induced subatomic precession within a target specimen. The disclosed devices and methods relate to application of utilization of a magnetic sensor with unique properties requiring changes in design, allowing new functions, and requiring alternative analysis methodologies. Various embodiments are also directed to methods for obtaining and processing magnetic signals. These methods may take advantage of the unique spatial arrangement of the atomic magnetometers and the capacity sensors to be used in either a scalar or a vector mode. Various embodiments have advantages over current techniques utilized for imaging of anatomical and non-anatomical structures. Such advantages may include, for example: development of a wearable, portable array, lower power consumption, potential wafer-level fabrication, the potential for development of a more rapid signal, decreased need for development of strong magnetic fields, and lower cost allowing wider availability.

Abstract translation: 根据各种实施例公开的装置使用一个或多个原子磁力计阵列来直接检测靶标样品内磁场诱导的亚原子进动的弛豫。 所公开的设备和方法涉及具有需要设计变化，允许新功能以及需要备选分析方法的独特性质的磁传感器的应用。 各种实施例还涉及用于获得和处理磁信号的方法。 这些方法可以利用原子磁力计和容量传感器在标量或向量模式中使用的独特的空间排列。 各种实施例具有优于目前用于解剖和非解剖结构成像的技术的优点。 这样的优点可以包括例如：可穿戴便携式阵列的开发，更低的功耗，潜在的晶圆级制造，开发更快速的信号的可能性，减少对强磁场开发的需求，并且降低成本，允许更宽 可用性。

公开(公告)号：US07492868B2

公开(公告)日：2009-02-17

申请号：US11411131

申请日：2006-04-26

Applicant: Jonathan Gorrell ,  Mark Davidson

Inventor： Jonathan Gorrell ,  Mark Davidson

IPC: G21G4/04 ,  H01J23/18 ,  H05H7/22

CPC classification number: H05G2/00 ,  H01J25/00

Abstract: A charged particle beam including charged particles (e.g., electrons) is generated from a charged particle source (e.g., a cathode or scanning electron beam). As the beam is projected, it passes between plural alternating electric fields. The attraction of the charged particles to their oppositely charged fields accelerates the charged particles, thereby increasing their velocities in the corresponding (positive or negative) direction. The charged particles therefore follow an oscillating trajectory. When the electric fields are selected to produce oscillating trajectories having the same (or nearly the same) as a multiple of the frequency of the emitted x-rays, the resulting photons can be made to constructively interfere with each other to produce a coherent x-ray source.

Abstract translation: 从带电粒子源（例如阴极或扫描电子束）产生包括带电粒子（例如电子）的带电粒子束。 当光束投射时，它通过多个交变电场。 带电粒子对其带电荷的场的吸引力加速了带电粒子，从而在相应的（正或负）方向上增加了它们的速度。 带电粒子因此遵循振荡轨迹。 当选择电场以产生具有与发射的x射线的频率的倍数相同（或几乎相同）的振荡轨迹时，可以使得到的光子相互干涉以产生相干的x射线， 射线源。

公开(公告)号：US20080296517A1

公开(公告)日：2008-12-04

申请号：US11410905

申请日：2006-04-26

Applicant: Jonathan Gorrell ,  Mark Davidson ,  Michael E. Maines

Inventor： Jonathan Gorrell ,  Mark Davidson ,  Michael E. Maines

IPC: G21G4/00 ,  G02B6/26

CPC classification number: G02B6/42 ,  B82Y20/00 ,  H01J25/00 ,  H01S3/08 ,  H01S3/0959 ,  Y10S977/932 ,  Y10S977/949 ,  Y10S977/95

Abstract: A waveguide conduit is constructed and adapted to capture the light emitted by the at least one nano-resonant structure. The nano-resonant structure emits light in response to excitation by a beam of charged particles, The source of charged particles may be an ion gun, a thermionic filament, a tungsten filament, a cathode, a field-emission cathode, a planar vacuum triode, an electron-impact ionizer, a laser ionizer, a chemical ionizer, a thermal ionizer, or an ion-impact ionizer.

Abstract translation: 波导导管被构造并适于捕获由至少一个纳米谐振结构发射的光。 纳米谐振结构响应于带电粒子束的激发而发光。带电粒子的源可以是离子枪，热离子丝，钨丝，阴极，场致发射阴极，平面真空三极管 电子碰撞离子发生器，激光离子发生器，化学离子发生器，热离子发生器或离子冲击离子发生器。

公开(公告)号：US07450794B2

公开(公告)日：2008-11-11

申请号：US11522929

申请日：2006-09-19

Applicant: Jonathan Gorrell ,  Mark Davidson

Inventor： Jonathan Gorrell ,  Mark Davidson

IPC: G02B6/12 ,  G02B6/10

CPC classification number: G02B6/12004 ,  G02B6/43

Abstract: A device includes a transparent conductor formed on a substrate. Electromagnetic radiation (EMR) (such as may be received from an on-chip, ultra-small resonant structure or from an off-chip light source) is directed into the transparent conductive layer. One or more circuits are formed on the transparent conductive layer and are operatively connected thereto to receive at least a portion of the EMR traveling in the transparent conductor. The EMR may be light and may encode a data signal such as a clock signal.

Abstract translation: 一种器件包括形成在衬底上的透明导体。 电磁辐射（EMR）（例如可以从片上，超小型谐振结构或片外光源接收）引导到透明导电层中。 一个或多个电路形成在透明导电层上并且可操作地连接到其上，以接收在透明导体中行进的EMR的至少一部分。 EMR可以是轻的并且可以对诸如时钟信号的数据信号进行编码。

公开(公告)号：US20080149828A1

公开(公告)日：2008-06-26

申请号：US11641678

申请日：2006-12-20

Applicant: Jonathan Gorrell ,  Mark Davidson ,  Michael E. Maines

Inventor： Jonathan Gorrell ,  Mark Davidson ,  Michael E. Maines

IPC: H01J37/26 ,  H01J25/12

CPC classification number: H01J25/00 ,  G01J3/42 ,  H01J47/00

Abstract: A detector system for performing at least one of transmitting and receiving electromagnetic radiation at a low-terahertz frequency. The detection of electromagnetic radiation at low-terahertz frequencies can be useful in the detection of various chemicals. Preferably a detector includes a microresonant structure that is caused to resonate by electromagnetic radiation at a low-terahertz frequency. The resonance is detected by detecting an altered path of a charged particle beam.

Abstract translation: 一种检测器系统，用于执行低电压频率的发射和接收电磁辐射中的至少一个。 在低太赫兹频率下的电磁辐射检测可用于各种化学物质的检测。 优选地，检测器包括由低电压频率的电磁辐射共振的微谐振结构。 通过检测带电粒子束的改变的路径来检测共振。

公开(公告)号：US20080073590A1

公开(公告)日：2008-03-27

申请号：US11525151

申请日：2006-09-22

Applicant: Jonathan Gorrell ,  Mark Davidson

Inventor： Jonathan Gorrell ,  Mark Davidson

IPC: G21G4/00

CPC classification number: H01S3/0903 ,  H01J25/00

Abstract: A beam of charged particles (e.g., an electron beam) from a charged particle source can be selectively applied to a pair of electrodes. For example, the charged particles can be electrons that are directed toward a first electrode when the charge difference between the electrodes is in one state and directed toward the second electrode when the charge difference between the electrodes is in another state. The electrodes are configured so that the beam of charged particles oscillates between the first and second electrodes.

Abstract translation: 来自带电粒子源的带电粒子束（例如，电子束）可以选择性地施加到一对电极。 例如，当电极之间的电荷差处于另一状态时，当电极之间的电荷差处于一个状态并且指向第二电极时，带电粒子可以是指向第一电极的电子。 电极被配置成使得带电粒子束在第一和第二电极之间振荡。

公开(公告)号：US20080067940A1

公开(公告)日：2008-03-20

申请号：US11418099

申请日：2006-05-05

Applicant: Jonathan Gorrell ,  Mark Davidson ,  Paul Hart

Inventor： Jonathan Gorrell ,  Mark Davidson ,  Paul Hart

IPC: H01J19/80

CPC classification number: G02B6/1226 ,  B82Y20/00

Abstract: A device for coupling an input signal to an output signal includes a metal transmission line; an ultra-small resonant receiver structure operatively connected to an end of the transmission line constructed and adapted receive the input signal and to cause at least part of the input signal to be passed along the transmission line in the form of plasmons; an ultra-small resonant transmitter structure operatively connected to another end of the transmission line and constructed and adapted to receive at least some of the plasmons corresponding to the input signal on the transmission line and to transmit the received signal as an output signal; a source of charged particles constructed and adapted to deliver a beam of charged particles along a path adjacent the ultra-small resonant receiver structure, wherein the input signal is encoded in the beam of charged particles; and a detector mechanism constructed and adapted to detect the output signal from the ultra-small resonant transmitter structure and to provide a signal representative of the output signal to another circuit. The receiver and/or transmitter structures may be formed on, in or adjacent to the transmission line.

Abstract translation: 用于将输入信号耦合到输出信号的装置包括金属传输线; 一种超小型谐振接收器结构，其可操作地连接到所述传输线的端部，构造并适于接收所述输入信号，并且使所述输入信号的至少一部分沿着所述传输线以等离子体激元的形式传递; 超小型谐振发射器结构，其可操作地连接到所述传输线的另一端并构造并适于接收与所述传输线上的所述输入信号相对应的至少一些所述等离子体，并将所述接收信号作为输出信号发送; 构成并适于沿着与超小谐振接收器结构相邻的路径输送带电粒子束的带电粒子源，其中输入信号被编码在带电粒子束中; 以及检测器机构，其构造并适于检测来自超小型谐振发射器结构的输出信号，并将表示输出信号的信号提供给另一电路。 接收机和/或发射机结构可以形成在传输线上，中间或邻近传输线。

公开(公告)号：US20070257619A1

公开(公告)日：2007-11-08

申请号：US11418096

申请日：2006-05-05

Applicant: Jonathan Gorrell ,  Mark Davidson

Inventor： Jonathan Gorrell ,  Mark Davidson

IPC: G21G4/00

CPC classification number: H01J25/00

Abstract: We describe an ultra-small resonant structure that produces electromagnetic radiation (e.g., visible light) at selected frequencies that can also be used or formed in conjunction with passive optical structures. The resonant structure can be produced from any conducting material (e.g., metal such as silver or gold). The passive optical structures can be formed from glass, polymer, dielectrics, or any other material sufficiently transparent using conventional patterning, etching and deposition techniques. The passive optical structures can be formed directly on the ultra-small resonant structures, or alternatively on an intermediate structure, or the passive optical structures can be formed in combination with other passive optical structures. The size and dimension of the passive optical structures can be identical with underlying structures, they can merely extend outwardly beyond an exterior shape of the underlying structure, or the passive optical structures can span across a plurality of the underlying structures, including in each instance embodiments with and without the intermediate structures.

Abstract translation: 我们描述了一种超小型谐振结构，其产生可以选择的频率的电磁辐射（例如可见光），其也可以与无源光学结构结合使用或形成。 共振结构可以由任何导电材料（例如金属如银或金）制成。 无源光学结构可以由玻璃，聚合物，电介质或使用常规图案化，蚀刻和沉积技术足够透明的任何其它材料形成。 无源光学结构可以直接形成在超小型谐振结构上，或者在中间结构上形成，或者无源光学结构可以与其它无源光学结构组合形成。 无源光学结构的尺寸和尺寸可以与下面的结构相同，它们只能向外延伸超过下面的结构的外部形状，或者被动光学结构可跨越多个下面的结构，包括在每个实例中 有和没有中间结构。

公开(公告)号：US20070170370A1

公开(公告)日：2007-07-26

申请号：US11716552

申请日：2007-03-12

Applicant: Jonathan Gorrell ,  Mark Davidson ,  Lev Gasparov ,  Michael Maines ,  Paul Hart

Inventor： Jonathan Gorrell ,  Mark Davidson ,  Lev Gasparov ,  Michael Maines ,  Paul Hart

IPC: H01J3/14 ,  G21K1/08

CPC classification number: H01J25/34

Abstract: A device couples energy from an electromagnetic wave to charged particles in a beam. The device includes a micro-resonant structure and a cathode for providing electrons along a path. The micro-resonant structure, on receiving the electromagnetic wave, generates a varying field in a space including a portion of the path. Electrons are deflected or angularly modulated to a second path.

公开(公告)号：US20070152781A1

公开(公告)日：2007-07-05

申请号：US11325571

申请日：2006-01-05

Applicant: Jonathan Gorrell ,  Mark Davidson ,  Michael Maines

Inventor： Jonathan Gorrell ,  Mark Davidson ,  Michael Maines

IPC: H01P7/06

CPC classification number: H01J25/34

Abstract: When using micro-resonant structures, a resonant structure may be turned on or off (e.g., when a display element is turned on or off in response to a changing image or when a communications switch is turned on or off to send data different data bits). Rather than turning the charged particle beam on and off, the beam may be moved to a position that does not excite the resonant structure, thereby turning off the resonant structure without having to turn off the charged particle beam. In one such embodiment, at least one deflector is placed between a source of charged particles and the resonant structure(s) to be excited. When the resonant structure is to be turned on (i.e., excited), the at least one deflector allows the beam to pass by undeflected. When the resonant structure is to be turned off, the at least one deflector deflects the beam away from the resonant structure by an amount sufficient to prevent the resonant structure from becoming excited.

Abstract translation: 当使用微谐振结构时，可以打开或关闭谐振结构（例如，当响应于改变的图像打开或关闭显示元件时，或者当通信开关被打开或关闭以发送数据不同的数据位 ）。 不是打开和关闭带电粒子束，而是可以将光束移动到不激发谐振结构的位置，从而关闭谐振结构，而不必关闭带电粒子束。 在一个这样的实施例中，至少一个偏转器被放置在带电粒子源和待激发的谐振结构之间。 当谐振结构要被接通（即激励）时，至少一个偏转器允许光束通过未偏转。 当谐振结构要关闭时，至少一个偏转器将光束从谐振结构偏离足以防止谐振结构被激发的量。