摘要:
One or more rows of focussing optical fibers are disposed between an original document carrier and a photoconductive member. An illumination lamp illuminates an original document on the carrier and the fibers focus an image of a linear portion of the document onto the photoconductive member. Relative movement between the document carrier, fibers and photoconductive member perpendicular to the row or rows of fibers is produced to scan the document. An aperture assembly is provided between the fibers and the photoconductive member difining an aperture wide enough that unevenness of the intensity of the image on the photoconductive member due to the individual fibers is eliminated. The intensity of the light image is controlled by utilization of a variable transformer or triac provided to the illumination lamp.
摘要:
A magnetic developing process for use in electrophotographic or electrostatic recording techniques employs a magnetic brush formed by a developer which comprises a powder mixture of a low resistance toner and a high resistance toner, at least one of which comprises a magnetic toner. Both toners are triboelectrically charged, and the magnetic toner serves as a carrier, so that both toners are attracted to an electrostatic image to provide a developing thereof.
摘要:
An exit blade is arranged on a downstream side of a transfer nip formed between a photosensitive element and a primary transfer roller, with an intermediate transfer belt being put therebetween, and brought into contact with an internal surface of the intermediate transfer belt. A neutralizing bias of the same polarity as that of the toner is applied to the exit blade, rather than a primary transfer bias voltage.
摘要:
A transfer device for use in an image forming apparatus includes at least two belt members constituting a secondary nip portion therebetween. The transfer device electrostatically transfers a toner image from one of the belt members onto a recording medium when the recording medium passes through the secondary nip portion. The transfer device includes a mechanism that supports the belt members such that the secondary nip portion is substantially linear; and a bias applying member that applies a secondary transfer bias at a substantially center portion of the secondary nip portion.
摘要:
A developer supplying device including a developer holding unit configured to hold a developer, a developer transfer device configured to electrostatically transfer the developer from the developer holding unit, and a charging member having holes piercing therethrough from the developer holding unit, to abrasively charge the developer by contacting the developer with walls of the holes while the developer is electrostatically transferred through the holes by the developer transfer device.
摘要:
When a steering angle dakaku is equal to or smaller than ±15° (S22), the steering angle dakaku is integrated to calculate an integrated value dakaku_sum (S24). When the integrated value dakaku_sum is within a set range (S25, S26), a road-shape-based wakefulness correction coefficient R_hosei is set at 0.5 (S28). Any erroneous determination of wakefulness attributable to a road shape is prevented by correcting wakefulness H for evaluating wakefulness by decreasing it using the road-shape-based wakefulness correction coefficient R_hosei.
摘要:
A method of developing a latent image formed on an image carrier with toner, including causing a developer carrier, which faces the image carrier and accommodates a magnet therein, to support a developer having a toner and a magnetic carrier supporting the toner and convey the developer to a developing zone between the developer carrier and the image carrier, and providing an apparent coating ratio M of a surface of the developer carrier coated with the developer. The coating ration M is, in a zone upstream of the developing zone in a direction of rotation of the developer carrier, expressed as M=αA2+β (%), where a denotes a coefficient of the coating ratio, A2 denotes an amount of developer for a unit area, β denotes a value determined by a powder characteristic of the developer for an apparent coating ratio calculated with A2=0, and the coating ratio M is between 90% and 120%.
摘要:
A method of developing a latent image formed on an image carrier with toner, including causing a developer carrier, which faces the image carrier and accommodates a magnet therein, to support a developer having a toner and a magnetic carrier supporting the toner and convey the developer to a developing zone between the developer carrier and the image carrier, and providing an apparent coating ratio M of a surface of the developer carrier coated with the developer. The coating ration M is, in a zone upstream of the developing zone in a direction of rotation of the developer carrier, expressed as M=αA2+β (%), where α denotes a coefficient of the coating ratio, A2 denotes an amount of developer for a unit area, β denotes a value determined by a powder characteristic of the developer for an apparent coating ratio calculated with A2=0, and the coating ratio M is between 90% and 120%.
摘要:
A developer supplying device including a developer holding unit configured to hold a developer, a developer transfer device configured to electrostatically transfer the developer from the developer holding unit, and a charging member having holes piercing therethrough from the developer holding unit, to abrasively charge the developer by contacting the developer with walls of the holes while the developer is electrostatically transferred through the holes by the developer transfer device.
摘要:
In the control of an electric power steering apparatus, where so-called lead steering control is performed in which a steering wheel angle signal is output through a lead filter to correct reaction delay of a driver and a vehicle, a delay in control response occurs due to feedback of a road surface reaction force torque. When road surface reaction force torque is fed back to the steering wheel, it is added through a low-pass filter having a time constant equal to a reaction delay time constant of a driver. A sum signal is output through a lead filter to a second motor for controlling a steering shaft.