公开(公告)号：US08023489B2

公开(公告)日：2011-09-20

申请号：US10924564

申请日：2004-08-24

Applicant: Leonard Norman Schiff

Inventor： Leonard Norman Schiff

IPC: H04J3/00 ,  H04J3/16 ,  H04J3/22 ,  H04J3/02 ,  H04L12/50

CPC classification number: H04B7/1858

Abstract: Systems and methods for burden sharing in satellite based communication systems are disclosed. One or more users in a satellite based communication system may experience signal degradation or signal fading that can occur for an extended period of time, such as when the fade is due to rain fade. The system can improve a communication link with a particular user by varying the data rate. The data rate can be varied by reducing a coding rate to compensate for low signal quality. In a time multiplexed communication system where multiple users time multiplex the available communication bandwidth, the system can concurrently adjust a time allocated to a user based in part on the coding rate. The time allocated to a user can be increased for decreased coding rates in order to maintain a substantially stable symbol rate to the user for each time multiplex cycle of users.

Abstract translation: 公开了用于基于卫星的通信系统中负担共享的系统和方法。 基于卫星的通信系统中的一个或多个用户可能经历长时间内可能发生的信号衰减或信号衰落，例如当褪色是由于雨衰时。 该系统可以通过改变数据速率来改善与特定用户的通信链路。 可以通过降低编码率来补偿低信号质量来改变数据速率。 在多用户时间多路复用可用通信带宽的时间复用通信系统中，系统可以部分地基于编码速率同时调整分配给用户的时间。 可以增加分配给用户的时间以减少编码速率，以便在用户的每个时间多路复用周期中为用户维持基本稳定的符号率。

公开(公告)号：US07709964B2

公开(公告)日：2010-05-04

申请号：US11925551

申请日：2007-10-26

Applicant: Wen-Jian Lin

Inventor： Wen-Jian Lin

IPC: H01L29/40

CPC classification number: B81C1/00801 ,  B81B2201/047 ,  G02B26/001 ,  G02B26/0841

Abstract: A structure of a micro electro mechanical system and a manufacturing method are provided, the structure and manufacturing method is adapted for an optical interference display cell. The structure of the optical interference display cell includes a first electrode, a second electrode and posts. The second electrode comprises a conductive layer covered by a material layer and is arranged about parallel with the first electrode. The support is located between the first plate and the second plate and a cavity is formed. In the release etch process of manufacturing the structure, the material layer protects the conductive layer from the damage by an etching reagent. The material layer also protects the conductive layer from the damage from the oxygen and moisture in the air.

Abstract translation: 提供微电子机械系统的结构和制造方法，其结构和制造方法适用于光学干涉显示单元。 光学干涉显示单元的结构包括第一电极，第二电极和柱。 第二电极包括由材料层覆盖的导电层并且与第一电极大致平行地布置。 支撑件位于第一板和第二板之间，并形成空腔。 在制造结构的释放蚀刻工艺中，材料层保护导电层免受蚀刻试剂的损伤。 材料层还保护导电层免受空气中的氧气和水分的损害。

公开(公告)号：US07596354B2

公开(公告)日：2009-09-29

申请号：US11301834

申请日：2005-12-12

Applicant: Leonard Norman Schiff

Inventor： Leonard Norman Schiff

IPC: H04B1/00

CPC classification number: H04B7/10 ,  H04B7/061 ,  H04B7/18532 ,  H04B17/318

Abstract: A mechanism that enables a gateway to dynamically determine which of two transmission signal polarizations is best received by a wireless communication device having a nominally linear antenna. A first pilot and second pilot signals, having different polarizations and orthogonally encoded, are transmitted to the communication device. The communication device determines the relative or absolute signal strengths of the first and second pilot signals and transmits this information to the gateway. The gateway then selects the polarization having the strongest associated signal strength to transmit content-bearing signals to the communication device. Alternatively, the communication device may also determine the phase difference between the first and second pilot signals and transmit this information to the gateway. The gateway can then transmit content-bearing signals using a proportional amount of signal power on each the first and second polarizations and use the proper phasing to approximate the polarization orientation of the communication device.

Abstract translation: 一种允许网关动态地确定具有标称线性天线的无线通信设备最好接收两个传输信号偏振中的哪一个的机制。 具有不同偏振和正交编码的第一导频信号和第二导频信号被发送到通信设备。 通信设备确定第一和第二导频信号的相对或绝对信号强度，并将该信息发送到网关。 然后，网关选择具有最强相关信号强度的极化，以向通信设备发送携带内容的信号。 或者，通信设备还可以确定第一和第二导频信号之间的相位差，并将该信息发送到网关。 然后，网关可以在第一和第二偏振的每一个上使用比例量的信号功率来传送承载信号，并且使用适当的相位来近似通信装置的极化取向。

公开(公告)号：US07428426B2

公开(公告)日：2008-09-23

申请号：US10942590

申请日：2004-09-15

Applicant: Kiran Kiran ,  John Edward Smee

Inventor： Kiran Kiran ,  John Edward Smee

IPC: H04B7/00

CPC classification number: H04W52/08 ,  H04W52/243 ,  H04W52/26 ,  H04W52/367

Abstract: Systems and techniques for wireless communications are disclosed. The systems and techniques include the generation of a signal, the setting of an average transmit power of the signal transmission as a function of a first threshold relating to out-of-band emissions, the clipping of the signal as a function of a second threshold relating to peak transmit power, and the transmission of the signal over a wireless medium.

Abstract translation: 公开了用于无线通信的系统和技术。 该系统和技术包括信号的产生，作为与带外发射相关的第一阈值的函数的信号传输的平均发射功率的设置，作为第二阈值的函数的信号的削波 涉及峰值发射功率，以及通过无线介质传输信号。

公开(公告)号：US07328159B2

公开(公告)日：2008-02-05

申请号：US10050378

申请日：2002-01-15

Applicant: Chienchung Chang ,  Narendranath Malayath

Inventor： Chienchung Chang ,  Narendranath Malayath

IPC: G10L21/00 ,  G10L15/20 ,  G10L13/00

CPC classification number: G10L15/22 ,  G10L25/78

Abstract: An improved system for an interactive voice recognition system (400) includes a voice prompt generator (401) for generating voice prompt in a first frequency band (501). A speech detector (406) detects presence of speech energy in a second frequency band (502). The first and second frequency bands (501, 502) are essentially conjugate frequency bands. A voice data generator (412) generates voice data based on an output of the voice prompt generator (401) and audible speech of a voice response generator (402). A control signal (422) controls the voice prompt generator (401) based on whether the speech detector (406) detects presence of speech energy in the second frequency band (502). A back end (405) of the interactive voice recognition system (400) is configured to operate on an extracted front end voice feature based on whether the speech detector (406) detects presence of speech energy in the second frequency band (502).

Abstract translation: 用于交互式语音识别系统（400）的改进的系统包括用于在第一频带（501）中生成语音提示的语音提示生成器（401）。 语音检测器（406）检测第二频带（502）中语音能量的存在。 第一和第二频带（501,502）基本上是共轭频带。 语音数据生成器（412）基于语音提示生成器（401）的输出和语音响应生成器（402）的可听话音生成语音数据。 控制信号（422）基于语音检测器（406）是否检测到第二频带（502）中的语音能量的存在来控制语音提示产生器（401）。 交互式语音识别系统（400）的后端（405）被配置为基于所述语音检测器（406）是否检测到所述第二频带（502）中的语音能量的存在来对所提取的前端语音特征进行操作。

公开(公告)号：US20070271321A1

公开(公告)日：2007-11-22

申请号：US11621948

申请日：2007-01-10

Applicant: Yuriy Reznik ,  Arianne Hinds

Inventor： Yuriy Reznik ,  Arianne Hinds

IPC: G06F17/14

CPC classification number: G06F17/147 ,  G06F7/4836 ,  G06F7/60 ,  H04N19/61

Abstract: Techniques for efficiently performing transforms on data are described. In one design, an apparatus performs multiplication of a group of data values with a group of rational dyadic constants that approximates at least one irrational constant scaled by a common factor. Each rational dyadic constant is a rational number with a dyadic denominator. The common factor is selected based on pre-computed numbers of operations for multiplication of a data value by different possible values of at least one rational dyadic constant. The pre-computed numbers of operations may be stored in a look-up table or some other data structure and may be used to evaluate different possible values for the common factor. The use of the common factor may reduce complexity and/or improve precision. The multiplication may be performed for various transforms such DCT, IDCT, etc.

Abstract translation: 描述用于有效地执行数据变换的技术。 在一种设计中，一种装置执行一组数据值与一组理性二元常数的乘法，该组合常数常数近似于由公共因子缩放的至少一个非理性常数。 每个理性二元常数是具有二进制分母的理性数。 基于用于将数据值乘以至少一个理性二元常数的不同可能值的预先计算的操作数来选择公共因子。 可以将预先计算的操作数存储在查找表或某些其他数据结构中，并且可以用于评估公共因子的不同可能值。 使用共同因素可以降低复杂性和/或提高精度。 可以对诸如DCT，IDCT等的各种变换执行乘法。

公开(公告)号：US07271465B2

公开(公告)日：2007-09-18

申请号：US10192476

申请日：2002-07-09

Applicant: Darryl Jessie ,  Charles J. Persico

Inventor： Darryl Jessie ,  Charles J. Persico

IPC: H01L29/00 ,  H01L23/48 ,  H01L23/52 ,  H01L29/40

CPC classification number: H01L23/522 ,  H01F17/0006 ,  H01F27/34 ,  H01F2021/125 ,  H01L23/5227 ,  H01L27/08 ,  H01L28/10 ,  H01L2924/0002 ,  H01L2924/00

Abstract: Techniques for “strapping” a primary conductor with a secondary conductor in an integrated circuit (IC). The IC includes a number of circuit elements interconnected by a secondary conductor through a number of vias disposed at a number of locations for coupling the circuit elements as an alternative to a primary conductor. The primary conductor is typically formed with a low loss metal (e.g., copper or copper alloy), and the secondary conductor is typically formed with a lossy metal (e.g., aluminum or aluminum alloy) relative to the low loss metal. The secondary conductor is strapped to the primary conductor by the vias, which may be disposed only at both ends or along the entire length of the secondary conductor. The secondary conductor is formed using design guidelines such that it provides the required electrical connectivity when the primary conductor is not present but minimally interferes with the RF performance of the primary conductor.

Abstract translation: 在集成电路（IC）中用次导体“捆扎”主导体的技术。 该IC包括多个电路元件，该电路元件通过设置在多个位置处的多个通孔互连，用于耦合作为初级导体的替代的电路元件。 主导体通常形成有低损耗金属（例如铜或铜合金），并且次级导体通常由相对于低损耗金属的有损金属（例如铝或铝合金）形成。 次级导体通过通孔被连接到主导体，该通孔可以仅设置在二次导体的两端或整个长度处。 次级导体使用设计准则形成，使得当主导体不存在但是最小程度地干扰初级导体的RF性能时，它提供所需的电连接。

公开(公告)号：US20070168410A1

公开(公告)日：2007-07-19

申请号：US11621945

申请日：2007-01-10

Applicant: Yuriy Reznik

Inventor： Yuriy Reznik

IPC: G06F7/38

CPC classification number: G06F17/147 ,  G06F7/4836 ,  G06F7/60 ,  H04N19/61 ,  H04N19/625

Abstract: Techniques for efficiently performing transforms on data are described. In one design, an apparatus performs multiplication of a first group of at least one data value with a first group of at least one rational dyadic constant that approximates a first group of at least one irrational constant scaled by a first common factor. The apparatus further performs multiplication of a second group of at least one data value with a second group of at least one rational dyadic constant that approximates a second group of at least one irrational constant scaled by a second common factor. Each rational dyadic constant is a rational number with a dyadic denominator. The first and second groups of at least one data value have different sizes. The first and common factors may be selected based on the number of logical and arithmetic operations for the multiplications, the precision of the results, etc.

Abstract translation: 描述用于有效地执行数据变换的技术。 在一种设计中，装置执行第一组至少一个数据值与至少一个理性二元常数的第一组的乘法，该组合近似于由第一公共因子缩放的至少一个非理性常数的第一组。 该装置进一步执行第二组至少一个数据值与至少一个理性二元常数的第二组的乘法，所述第二组接近由第二公共因子缩放的至少一个非理性常数的第二组。 每个理性二元常数是具有二进制分母的理性数。 至少一个数据值的第一组和第二组具有不同的大小。 可以基于乘法的逻辑和算术运算的数量，结果的精度等来选择第一和常见因素。

公开(公告)号：US20070086391A1

公开(公告)日：2007-04-19

申请号：US11565598

申请日：2006-11-30

Applicant: Ragulan Sinnarajah ,  Edward Tiedemann ,  Ramin Rezaiifar ,  Jun Wang ,  Duncan Ho

Inventor： Ragulan Sinnarajah ,  Edward Tiedemann ,  Ramin Rezaiifar ,  Jun Wang ,  Duncan Ho

IPC: H04B7/216

CPC classification number: H04L1/188 ,  H04L1/1607 ,  H04L2212/00 ,  H04W28/06 ,  H04W28/18 ,  H04W72/04 ,  H04W72/042 ,  H04W76/10 ,  H04W76/11 ,  H04W76/19

Abstract: Techniques for minimizing call setup latency are disclosed. In one aspect, a channel assignment message is sent with a flag to direct the use of previously negotiated service parameters. This aspect eliminates the need for service negotiation messages. In another aspect, a channel assignment message is sent with an active set identifier instead of an active set and its parameters. This aspect reduces the transmission time of the channel assignment message. In yet another aspect, call setup without paging is facilitated by a mobile station (106) sending a pilot strength measurement message between active communication sessions, such that a channel assignment message can be used for mobile station terminated call setup without the need for mobile station paging and related messages.

公开(公告)号：US07184954B1

公开(公告)日：2007-02-27

申请号：US09260709

申请日：1999-03-01

Applicant: Paul E. Jacobs ,  Andrew P. Dejaco

Inventor： Paul E. Jacobs ,  Andrew P. Dejaco

IPC: G10L21/02

CPC classification number: G10L19/005 ,  G10L25/69 ,  H03M13/00

Abstract: A speech signal is decoded by a vocoder and the reconstructed speech samples are provided to a decoded frame check unit. The decoded frame check unit examines the energy of the reconstructed speech and compares the energy of the reconstructed speech to a range of acceptable energy values. If the energy is not within the range of energy values, a frame erasure is declared and the decoded frame is prevented from being to the speaker in the telephone. In the exemplary implementation, the speech is reconstructed by a vocoder which includes a postfilter which in turn includes automatic gain control. The automatic gain control element of a post filter includes a means for measuring the energy of the decoded speech data. This measured energy is used by the decoded frame check unit to decide whether to provide the decoded data to the user or to declare a frame erasure. This implementation reduces the amount of additional hardware necessary to implement the present invention.

Abstract translation: 语音信号由声码器解码，并且将重构的语音样本提供给解码帧校验单元。 解码帧检查单元检查重构语音的能量，并将重构语音的能量与可接受的能量值的范围进行比较。 如果能量不在能量值的范围内，则声明帧擦除，并且防止解码的帧被发送到电话中的扬声器。 在示例性实现中，语音由包括后置滤波器的声码器重构，后置滤波器又包括自动增益控制。 后置滤波器的自动增益控制元件包括用于测量解码语音数据的能量的装置。 被测量的能量由解码帧检查单元使用以决定是否向用户提供解码的数据或者声明帧擦除。 该实现减少了实现本发明所需的附加硬件的数量。