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公开(公告)号：US4002364A
公开(公告)日：1977-01-11
申请号：US631630
申请日：1975-11-13
申请人： Cheston Lee Eshelman
发明人： Cheston Lee Eshelman
摘要： In a highway type motor vehicle, a vehicle wheel and wheel mounted pneumatic tire positioned in the front or rear of the vehicle, with the wheel and tire substantially vertical to the highway surface, with the bottom tread of the tire about the height of the ground clearance of the vehicle frame, having means for supporting the approximate center of the rear portion of said tire and wheel securely to a hub flange attached to a vertical arm which is attached to a sliding sleeve on a longitudinal strut with the rear of the strut attached to the axle cross member frame of the vehicle and the front sleeve attached to the movable bumper rail, or as an alternative, means for attaching the vertical arm to the movable bumper rail, eliminating the longitudinal strut and sliding sleeve, so that the exposed tire and wheel will act as a Back Motion Tire Buffer as the wheel, tire and bumper move back against the stop in the cylinders on the vehicle to which it is installed without touching the body together all as one unit upon collision, into an obstruction, decelerating the vehicle, dissipating the energy of motion into the wheel, tire and movable back motion stroke of the bumper, preventing override and underride of struck bumpers, instead of destruction of the sheet metal and injury or death to its occupants.
摘要翻译： 在高速公路型机动车辆中，车轮和车轮安装的充气轮胎位于车辆的前部或后部，车轮和轮胎基本上垂直于高速公路表面，轮胎的底部胎面围绕地面的高度 具有用于将所述轮胎和车轮的后部的大致中心的轮胎和车轮的大致中心支撑到附接到垂直臂的轮毂法兰的装置，所述轮毂法兰附接到纵向支柱上的滑动套筒，所述纵向支柱的后部附接 连接到可移动保险杠轨道的车桥横向构件框架和附接到可移动保险杠轨道的前套筒，或者作为替代的方式，用于将垂直臂附接到可移动保险杠轨道，消除纵向支柱和滑动套筒，使得暴露的轮胎 并且车轮将作为背轮胎缓冲器，因为车轮，轮胎和保险杠抵靠其安装在车辆上的汽缸中的停止点而不接触车身 在碰撞时一起作为一个单元，成为障碍物，使车辆减速，将运动能量耗散到车轮中，轮胎和保险杠的可移动的后退行程，防止撞击保险杠的超驰和下冲，而不是破坏钣金 对其乘客造成伤害或死亡。
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公开(公告)号：US3971583A
公开(公告)日：1976-07-27
申请号：US430667
申请日：1974-01-04
申请人： Murray Kornhauser
发明人： Murray Kornhauser
CPC分类号： B60R21/26005 , B60R19/20
摘要： An energy absorbing bumper system for protection of moving vehicles uses a pneumatic container that is partially flexible and partially rigid. The functional volume of air necessary on a specific bumper is enclosed within the flexible and rigid sections which are interconnected and contain air normally at the same pressure. Impact energy is absorbed by deflection of the flexible section and compression of the air. In order to limit rebound, means may be provided to control the air flow from the rigid section to the flexible section. The flexible section is contoured for a generally flat impact surface to provide efficient operation and compact size, and to yield an aesthetically pleasing shape, and is held in shape by dividing the flexible section or bag into a large number of compartments lying adjacent to each other along the direction of the surface to be protected.
摘要翻译： 用于保护移动车辆的能量吸收保险杠系统使用部分柔性且部分刚性的气动容器。 在特定保险杠上所需的空气的功能体积被封闭在柔性和刚性部分内，该部分互连并且通常以相同的压力容纳空气。 冲击能量被柔性部分的挠曲和空气的压缩所吸收。 为了限制回弹，可以提供装置来控制从刚性部分到柔性部分的气流。 柔性部分的轮廓为大致平坦的冲击表面，以提供有效的操作和紧凑的尺寸，并且产生美观的形状，并且通过将柔性部分或袋分成彼此相邻的多个隔室来保持其形状 沿着要保护的表面的方向。
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公开(公告)号：US3866962A
公开(公告)日：1975-02-18
申请号：US40022573
申请日：1973-09-24
申请人： ESHELMAN CHESTON LEE
发明人： ESHELMAN CHESTON LEE
摘要： In a highway type motor vehicle, a vehicle wheel and wheel mounted pneumatic tire or other absorbant element positioned in the front or rear of the vehicle, with the wheel and tire or other absorbant element substantially parallel to the highway surface about the height of a standard automobile bumper and having means for supporting same securely to the frame of the vehicle so that the front exposed tire and wheel or other absorbant element will act as a Lateral Motion Bumper System having a fulcrum-hinged, bumper bar that is thrust laterally against the spare tire as it moves longitudinally upon collision, into an obstruction, at the front or corner of the vehicle, dissipating the energy of motion into the pneumatic tire, instead of destruction of the sheet metal, because the energy of motion is used up in the 360* compression of the spare tire and wheel or other absorbant element upon collision into an obstruction at the front or corner areas of the vehicle.
摘要翻译： 在高速公路型机动车辆中，车轮和车轮安装的充气轮胎或其他吸收元件位于车辆的前部或后部，轮和轮胎或其他吸收元件基本上平行于高速公路表面围绕标准的高度 汽车保险杠，并且具有用于将车辆的框架牢固地支撑在车辆框架上的装置，使得前部暴露的轮胎和车轮或其它吸收元件将用作具有支点铰链的保险杆的横向运动保险杠系统 轮胎在碰撞时纵向移动，进入障碍物，在车辆的前部或角落，将运动能量消耗到充气轮胎中，而不是破坏金属片，因为运动能量在360度被消耗 备用轮胎和车轮或其他吸收元件在碰撞到车辆前方或拐角区域的障碍物时的DEG压缩。
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公开(公告)号：US3841683A
公开(公告)日：1974-10-15
申请号：US34004573
申请日：1973-03-12
申请人： TORO A
发明人： TORO A
CPC分类号： B60R19/20
摘要： A safety bumper for vehicles providing a three stage shock absorbing means to protect the vehicle from damage and, more importantly, to protect the occupants of the vehicle from serious injury or death. A first stage is provided by a pneumatic bumper tire for low speeds, a second stage by a heavy spring for intermediate speeds, and a third stage for higher speeds is provided by a rubber shock absorber.
摘要翻译： 一种用于车辆的安全保险杠，提供三级减震装置，以保护车辆免受损坏，更重要的是保护车辆乘客免受严重伤害或死亡。 第一级由用于低速的气动缓冲轮胎提供，第二级由用于中速的重型弹簧提供，并且由橡胶减震器提供用于更高速度的第三级。
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公开(公告)号：US3841680A
公开(公告)日：1974-10-15
申请号：US23409072
申请日：1972-03-13
申请人： FORD MOTOR CO
发明人： MULLER G
CPC分类号： B60R19/20
摘要： A flexible trim strip retained in a resiliently deformable bumper member. The trim strip has a maximum transverse crosssectional thickness through its midportion and reduced thickness at its side edges. The trim strip comprises a thin bright metal facing bonded to a flexible backing of polymeric material or the like. The metal facing is flat or plain when uninstalled or in the free state, but becomes convex about its longitudinal axis when installed in a track in the bumper member to provide an attractice highlight to the bumper asssembly.
摘要翻译： 保持在可弹性变形的保险杠构件中的柔性修剪条。 修剪带在其中间部分具有最大的横截面厚度，并且在其侧边缘处具有减小的厚度。 修剪带包括面向粘合到聚合材料的柔性背衬等的薄光亮金属。 当卸载或处于自由状态时，金属表面是平的或平坦的，但是当安装在保险杠构件的轨道中时，其纵向轴线变得凸起，以提供保险杠组件的吸引力。
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公开(公告)号：US3823969A
公开(公告)日：1974-07-16
申请号：US29957372
申请日：1972-10-20
IPC分类号： B60R19/20
CPC分类号： B60R19/20
摘要： This invention provides a pneumatic collision guard for vehicles of the type comprising a flexible walled hollow body of inextensible material containing air under pressure. The hollow body has air discharge apertures which are normally closed but which are opened rapidly, for example by the breaking of brittle caps over the apertures when as a consequence of a collision, the deceleration of the vehicle or the deformation of the air filled body, reaches a given value corresponding to the maximum acceptable deceleration, thereby limiting the reaction force imparted to the vehicle through the collision guard.
摘要翻译： {PG，1]本发明提供了一种用于这种类型的车辆的气动防撞保护装置，其包括在压力下含有空气的不可伸展材料的柔性壁中空体。 中空体具有通常关闭但是快速打开的排气孔，例如当碰撞，车辆减速或充气体的变形时，通过孔上的脆性盖的断裂， 达到对应于最大可接受减速度的给定值，从而限制通过碰撞防护装置施加给车辆的反作用力。
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公开(公告)号：US3822908A
公开(公告)日：1974-07-09
申请号：US30421972
申请日：1972-11-06
申请人： MERCADANTE J
发明人： GOUIRAND R
CPC分类号： B60G11/27 , B60G11/64 , B60G2200/13 , B60G2200/31 , B60G2202/152 , B60G2204/143 , B60G2204/41 , B60G2800/014 , B60G2800/222 , B60R19/20
摘要： An air bag having a tapered cross-section in the direction of the length of the vehicle has one surface mounted to the vehicle frame. The other surface of the air bag contacts a suspension member which extends outward (as a lever member) from the greater cross-sectional portion of the air bag and the vehicle axle is attached thereto. In one embodiment the suspension member is flexibly coupled to the chassis by flexible cables, or the like, including side cables which prevent side-sway of the vehicle.
摘要翻译： 在车辆的长度方向上具有锥形截面的气囊具有安装在车架上的一个表面。 安全气囊的另一个表面与从气囊的较大横截面向外延伸（作为杆构件）的悬挂构件接触，并且车轴被附接到其上。 在一个实施例中，悬挂构件通过柔性电缆等柔性地联接到底架，包括防止车辆侧摆的侧面电缆。
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公开(公告)号：US3771778A
公开(公告)日：1973-11-13
申请号：US3771778D
申请日：1971-02-01
申请人： MULLER J
发明人： MULLER J
摘要： The present invention is a method for more fully utilizing a mass of rubber or other elastomer to cushion and absorb the energy of impact when one rigid body strikes another. The method involves provision of at least one liquid filled leakproof interior cavity traversing substantially all of the rubber mass. The crushing effect of the impact pressurizes the liquid thereby causing the rubber to be stressed, and deformed and energy to be absorbed.
摘要翻译： 本发明是一种用于更充分地利用大量橡胶或其它弹性体来缓冲和吸收一个刚体撞击另一刚体的冲击能量的方法。 该方法包括设置穿过基本上所有橡胶块的至少一个液体填充的防漏内部空腔。 冲击的破碎效果使液体加压，从而使橡胶受到应力，变形并吸收能量。
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公开(公告)号：US3603633A
公开(公告)日：1971-09-07
申请号：US3603633D
申请日：1969-08-11
申请人： CHESTON LEE ESHELMAN
发明人： ESHELMAN CHESTON LEE
CPC分类号： B60R19/20
摘要： In an automotive highway vehicle, a frame, a transverse structure rigidly connected across the front end of the frame, said structure including a first rigid transverse member having a forwardly facing recess and a second rigid transverse member which also extends forwardly of the first member; a plate mounted on the second member, an elongated slot in the plate, a hub mounted on the plate with means permitting it to slide thereon the length of the slot; a spare wheel and tire mounted substantially horizontally on the hub with the rear portion of the tire nested in the recess.
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公开(公告)号：US3588158A
公开(公告)日：1971-06-28
申请号：US3588158D
申请日：1968-11-20
申请人： FORD DUANE B , WALKER GRANT W
发明人： FORD DUANE B , WALKER GRANT W
CPC分类号： B60R19/20
摘要： THE COMBINATION OF A NEARLY RIGID STRONGLY RESILIENT BACKING BOARD FORMED OF A LAMINATED WOOD CORE AND RESIN BONDED FIBER GLASS SURFACES WITH A SHOCK-ABSORBING BUFFER MEMBER OF THE TYPE WHICH COMPRISES A RESILIENT HOLLOW BODY MEMBER NORMALLY FILLED WITH WATER HAVING ONE OR MORE OPENINGS, WHICH ARE NORMALLY CLOSED, FOR PERMITTING ESCAPE OF AT LEAST PART OF THE WATER IN A QUANTITY AND AT A LIMITED RATE ONLY COMMENSURATE WITH THE SEVERITY OF COLLISION IMPACT IS DISCLOSED.
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