公开(公告)号：US08138480B2

公开(公告)日：2012-03-20

申请号：US12376839

申请日：2007-08-10

Applicant: Raymond John Proctor ,  Anton Mario Lucchin ,  Thomas Leland Atwell ,  Mark Rudy Chiesman

Inventor： Raymond John Proctor ,  Anton Mario Lucchin ,  Thomas Leland Atwell ,  Mark Rudy Chiesman

IPC: G01N23/222

CPC classification number: G01N23/222 ,  G01N23/09 ,  G01N23/12

Abstract: A bulk material analyzer (FIG. 2) is variably constructed from an assembly of components The analyzer (FIG. 2) is the type that is used to analyze bulk material (28) transported on a conveyor belt (29) through an activation region (30) between at least one radiation source (element 11) and at least one radiation detector (12) within the bulk material analyzer (FIG. 2) The assembly includes a radiation-source box (11) for disposition either above the activation region (30) or below the conveyor belt (29), a radiation-detector box (12) for disposition on the opposite side of the activation region (30) and the conveyor belt (29) from the radiation-source box (11); and a set of stackable structural beams (14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19) predominantly containing radiation shielding material and configured for stacking about the activation region (30), the radiation-source box (11) and the radiation-detector box (12) to prevent unwanted radiation being generated and transported to the radiation-detector box (12).

Abstract translation: 散装材料分析仪（图2）由组件的组件可变地构成。分析器（图2）是用于分析通过激活区域（29）在输送带（29）上运输的散装材料（28）的类型 在元件材料分析器（图2）内的至少一个辐射源（元件11）和至少一个辐射检测器（12）之间的组件包括辐射源盒（11），用于配置在激活区域 30）或在传送带（29）下方的放射线检测器盒（12），用于配置在激活区域（30）的相对侧和来自辐射源盒（11）的输送带（29）上; 以及主要包含辐射屏蔽材料并且被配置为围绕激活区域（30）堆叠的可堆叠结构梁（14,15,16,17,18,19）的集合，所述辐射源箱（11）和辐射检测器 盒（12），以防止产生不必要的辐射并将其传送到辐射检测器盒（12）。

公开(公告)号：US20100163734A1

公开(公告)日：2010-07-01

申请号：US12376839

申请日：2007-08-10

Applicant: Raymond John Proctor ,  Anton Mario Lucchin ,  Thomas Leland Atwell ,  Mark Rudy Chiesman

Inventor： Raymond John Proctor ,  Anton Mario Lucchin ,  Thomas Leland Atwell ,  Mark Rudy Chiesman

IPC: G01N23/222

CPC classification number: G01N23/222 ,  G01N23/09 ,  G01N23/12

Abstract: A bulk material analyzer (FIG. 2) is variably constructed from an assembly of components The analyzer (FIG. 2) is the type that is used to analyze bulk material (28) transported on a conveyor belt (29) through an activation region (30) between least one radiation source (element 11) and at least one radiation detector (12) within the bulk material analyzer (FIG. 2) The assembly includes a radiation-source box (11) for disposition either above the activation region (30) or below the conveyor belt (29), a radiation-detector box (12) for disposition on the opposite side of the activation region (30) and the conveyor belt (29) from the radiation-source box (11); and a set of stackable structural beams (14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19) predominantly containing radiation shielding material and configured for stacking about the activation region (30), the radiation-source box (11) and the radiation-detector box (12) to prevent unwanted radiation being generated and transported to the radiation-detector box (12).

Abstract translation: 散装材料分析仪（图2）由组件的组件可变地构成。分析器（图2）是用于分析通过激活区域（29）在输送带（29）上运输的散装材料（28）的类型 30）在散装材料分析仪（图2）内的至少一个辐射源（元件11）和至少一个辐射检测器（12）之间。该组件包括辐射源盒（11），用于配置在激活区域（30 ）或传送带（29）下方的放射线检测器箱（12），用于配置在激活区域（30）的相对侧和来自辐射源盒（11）的输送带（29）上; 以及主要包含辐射屏蔽材料并且被配置为围绕激活区域（30）堆叠的可堆叠结构梁（14,15,16,17,18,19）的集合，所述辐射源箱（11）和辐射检测器 盒（12），以防止产生不必要的辐射并将其传送到辐射检测器盒（12）。

公开(公告)号：US20090274275A1

公开(公告)日：2009-11-05

申请号：US12348784

申请日：2009-01-05

Applicant: James E. Bartlett ,  Raffaello Verna ,  Donald E. Weger ,  Dirk M. Steckmann

Inventor： James E. Bartlett ,  Raffaello Verna ,  Donald E. Weger ,  Dirk M. Steckmann

IPC: G01B15/02 ,  H05G2/00 ,  F23Q23/08 ,  B23P11/00

CPC classification number: G01T7/005 ,  G01D18/008 ,  G01N23/06 ,  G01N23/09 ,  G01N23/203 ,  Y10T29/49826

Abstract: Nuclear gauges, their components and method for assembly and adjustment of the same are provided. The nuclear gauges are used in measuring the density and/or moisture of construction-related materials. The nuclear gauge can include a gauge housing having a vertical cavity therethrough and at least one radiation detector located within the housing. The nuclear gauge can include a vertically moveable source rod and a radiation source operatively positioned within a distal end of the source rod.

Abstract translation: 提供了核仪表及其组件及其组装和调整方法。 核计量仪用于测量建筑材料的密度和/或水分。 核计量器可以包括具有穿过其的垂直腔的量规壳体和位于壳体内的至少一个辐射探测器。 核计可以包括可垂直移动的源极杆和可操作地定位在源极的远端内的辐射源。

公开(公告)号：US20030147484A1

公开(公告)日：2003-08-07

申请号：US10221819

申请日：2002-11-29

Inventor： Yury Iosiphovich Olshansky ,  Sergey Galievich Philippov ,  Nikolai Erikovich Gjibovski

IPC: G21G001/12

CPC classification number: G01V5/0033 ,  G01N23/04 ,  G01N23/09 ,  G01N23/222 ,  G01V5/0069 ,  G21K5/10

Abstract: A method for detecting an explosive in an object under investigation involves the initial X-ray irradiation of the object under investigation, e.g. a piece of luggage or mailing, and forming its X-ray images; using the X-ray images to detect areas with a high density of organic materials and identifying articles therein; determining the location, dimensions and supposed mass of an unidentified article; determining and forming a directional pattern of the neutron radiator corresponding to the dimensions of the unidentified article. The method further includes subsequent thermal neutron irradiation of the area with the unidentified article; recording gamma-ray quanta having the energy of 10.8 MeV and cascade gamma-ray quanta with energies of 5.534 and 5.266 MeV by at least two gamma-ray detectors; counting of simultaneously recorded pairs of cascade gamma-ray quanta; determination of the overall gamma-ray intensity, taking into account weight factors in readings of the detectors; determination of the threshold value for the overall gamma-ray intensity basing on the supposed mass of explosive being detected; and making a decision in the event the threshold value of overall gamma-ray intensity is exceeded. When checking small-size objects, the neutron irradiation step is preceded by replacing the ambient air by a gaseous medium not containing nitrogen.

Abstract translation: 用于检测被研究物体中的炸药的方法涉及被研究对象的初始X射线照射，例如， 一件行李或邮寄，并形成其X光影像; 使用X射线图像检测具有高密度有机材料的区域并在其中识别物品; 确定不明物品的位置，尺寸和假定质量; 确定和形成对应于不明物品的尺寸的中子辐射器的方向图。 该方法还包括随着不明物品的区域的后续热中子照射; 通过至少两个伽马射线检测器记录具有10.8MeV能量的伽马射线量子和具有5.534和5.266MeV的能量的级联伽马射线量子; 计数同时记录的级联伽马射线量子对; 考虑到检测器读数中的重量因素，确定总体伽马射线强度; 基于所检测的爆炸物质量确定总伽马射线强度的阈值; 并且在超过总伽马射线强度的阈值的情况下做出决定。 当检查小尺寸物体时，中子照射步骤之前是用不含氮的气态介质代替环境空气。

公开(公告)号：US5880469A

公开(公告)日：1999-03-09

申请号：US803893

申请日：1997-02-21

Applicant: Thomas Gill Miller

Inventor： Thomas Gill Miller

IPC: G01N23/04 ,  G01N23/09 ,  G01T3/06 ,  G01T5/08 ,  G01V5/00 ,  G01N1/20

CPC classification number: G01V5/0016 ,  G01N23/04 ,  G01N23/09 ,  G01T1/201 ,  G01T3/06

Abstract: Apparatus and method for discriminating against neutrons coming from directions other than a preferred direction and discriminating against gamma rays. Two photomultiplier (PM) tubes 9,10 are parallel to each other and are attached to one end of a light pipe 12. A neutron scintillator 13 is attached to the other end of the light pipe. The scintillator 13 is comprised of optical fibers arranged contiguously along a first direction, which is perpendicular to a length dimension of the optical fibers, and which optical fibers alternate between optical fibers which emit photons only in the lower portion of the electromagnetic spectrum and optical fibers which emit photons only in the higher portion of the electromagnetic spectrum. Typically, the optical fibers are about 100-250 microns. Filters 7,8 are between the PM tubes and the light pipe. One filter 7 transmits only photons in the lower end of the electromagnetic spectrum and the other filter 8 transmits only photons in the higher portion of the electromagnetic spectrum. Neutrons proceeding from a source which is parallel to the first direction will tend to cause only one optical fiber to emit photons. If neutrons enter the scintillator perpendicular to such first direction, photons will most likely be emitted by more than one optical fiber. A signal processing unit 11 will register a detected neutron if a signal is received from only one PM tube and will register a background event if signals are received from both PM tubes. If a gamma ray enters the detector and is detected, the scattered Compton electron most likely will cross two or more optical fibers, causing signals in both PM tubes. A signal processing unit 11 will register the event as a background event.

Abstract translation: 用于区分来自除了优选方向以外的方向的中子并识别伽马射线的装置和方法。 两个光电倍增管（PM）管9,10彼此平行并且附接到光管12的一端。中子闪烁体13附接到光管的另一端。 闪烁体13包括沿着与光纤的长度尺寸垂直的第一方向连续布置的光纤，并且哪些光纤在仅在电磁光谱的下部发射光子的光纤和光纤之间交替 其仅在电磁光谱的较高部分中发射光子。 通常，光纤约为100-250微米。 过滤器7,8位于PM管和光管之间。 一个滤波器7仅在电磁频谱的下端传输光子，另一个滤波器8仅在电磁频谱的较高部分中传输光子。 从与第一方向平行的源进行的中子将倾向于仅使一根光纤发射光子。 如果中子进入垂直于这样的第一方向的闪烁体，则光子很可能被多于一根光纤发射。 如果从仅一个PM管接收信号，则信号处理单元11将注册检测到的中子，并且如果从两个PM管接收到信号，则将记录背景事件。 如果伽马射线进入检测器并被检测到，散射的康普顿电子很可能会穿过两根或多根光纤，从而在两个PM管中引起信号。 信号处理单元11将事件注册为背景事件。

公开(公告)号：US4992667A

公开(公告)日：1991-02-12

申请号：US347510

申请日：1989-05-04

Applicant: Vladimir V. Abelentsev ,  Evgeny V. Kolomeets ,  Vladimir V. Oskomov ,  Vladimir N. Sevostyanov ,  Shepa D. Fridman

Inventor： Vladimir V. Abelentsev ,  Evgeny V. Kolomeets ,  Vladimir V. Oskomov ,  Vladimir N. Sevostyanov ,  Shepa D. Fridman

IPC: G01N23/09

CPC classification number: G01N23/09

Abstract: A device for measuring moisture content of soil and snow water storage has a first detector of cosmic neutrons passed through the soil placed deep in the soil at a pre-set depth, a second cosmic-ray neutron detector placed above the soil at an altitude which is greater than maximum snow pack thickness or vegetation layer height and spaced from the first neutron detector at a distance which is not greater than the path length of thermal neutrons in the atomosphere, and a soil background gamma-quantum radiation detector placed on the soil surface and spaced from the first neutron detector at a distance which is not greater than the gamma-quantum path length in the soil. Outputs of the neutron detectors and gamma-quantum radiation detector, are coupled to a respective series circuit, including a unit for detecting pulses of a predetermined amplitude, a pulse counter to which is connected a timer, and a recorder.

Abstract translation: 用于测量土壤和积雪蓄水的含水量的装置具有第一个宇宙中子探测器，其以预定深度穿过土壤深处放置的土壤，第二个宇宙射线中子探测器放置在土壤上方的海拔高度处 大于最大积雪层厚度或植被层高度，并且距离第一中子探测器的距离不大于大气中热中子的路径长度，以及置于土壤表面上的土壤背景伽马量子辐射探测器 并且与第一中子探测器间距离不大于土壤中的伽马 - 量子路径长度。 中子检测器和γ量子辐射检测器的输出耦合到相应的串联电路，包括用于检测预定幅度的脉冲的单元，连接有定时器的脉冲计数器和记录器。

公开(公告)号：US4864842A

公开(公告)日：1989-09-12

申请号：US226137

申请日：1988-07-29

Applicant: Ali Regimand

Inventor： Ali Regimand

IPC: G01D18/00 ,  G01N23/09 ,  G01N23/204

CPC classification number: G01N23/09 ,  G01D18/008

Abstract: The present invention provides a method and system which is useful on instruments requiring experimentally determined calibration curves by which calibration data can be transferred to a plurality of field gauges, thereby avoiding the necessity of individually calibrating each gauge each time calibration is necessary. The field gauges are initially cross related to a master gauge. At a later time when a new calibration is necessary, the master gauge is calibrated using carefully prepared samples of a test material. Using the experimentally derived calibration curves with the cross relation data provides calibration data for the field gauges.

公开(公告)号：US4794256A

公开(公告)日：1988-12-27

申请号：US824418

申请日：1986-01-31

Applicant: John M. DiMartino ,  John G. Crump, Sr.

Inventor： John M. DiMartino ,  John G. Crump, Sr.

IPC: G01F23/288 ,  G01N23/09

CPC classification number: G01N23/09 ,  G01F23/288 ,  G01F23/2885

Abstract: A process measurement system for measuring levels, interfaces and other characteristics related to products positioned between a fast neutron source and a detector that directly measures the transmitted fast neutrons. The system far exceeds the limitations of neutron backscatter, thermal neutron transmission and gamma techniques while avoiding problems associated with them. As shown, a fast neutron source is placed on one side of a vessel that is being monitored, and a detector is placed on the opposite side. Fast neutrons have excellent penetration properties and thus measurements through thick walls and across substantial distances are possible. A direct measurement of the fast neutrons transmitted through the vessel and/or product is made. This arrangement provides an output that is a direct function of the transmitted fast neutrons between the source and detector, and is not dependent upon inferential measurement where errors are encountered.

Abstract translation: 用于测量与直接测量传输的快中子的快中子源和检测器之间的产品相关的水平，界面和其他特性的过程测量系统。 该系统远远超出了中子反向散射，热中子传播和γ技术的局限性，同时避免了与它们相关的问题。 如图所示，快中子源被放置在被监测的容器的一侧，并且检测器被放置在相对侧。 快中子具有优异的穿透特性，因此可以通过厚壁和相当长的距离进行测量。 制造通过容器和/或产品传输的快中子的直接测量。 这种布置提供了在源和检测器之间传输的快中子的直接函数的输出，并且不依赖于遇到错误的推导测量。

公开(公告)号：US4645935A

公开(公告)日：1987-02-24

申请号：US672427

申请日：1984-10-31

Applicant: George N. Salaita

Inventor： George N. Salaita

IPC: G01N23/09 ,  G01N23/10

CPC classification number: G01N23/09

Abstract: The thermal neutron absorption cross-section of a sample is measured by placing the sample in a sample container which surrounds a cavity within which a neutron source is positioned. A detector is positioned along a line parallel to an axis passing through the cavity. The source and detector are immersed in a moderator within a tank.

Abstract translation: 样品的热中子吸收截面通过将样品放置在围绕中子源所在的空腔的样品容器中来测量。 检测器沿着平行于通过空腔的轴的线定位。 源和检测器浸入罐内的调节剂中。

公开(公告)号：US3787698A

公开(公告)日：1974-01-22

申请号：US3787698D

申请日：1972-10-11

Applicant: US ARMY

Inventor： ANTAL J ,  BECKER R

IPC: G01N23/09 ,  G01T3/00 ,  G01T5/10 ,  G03C5/16 ,  G03B41/16

CPC classification number: G01T5/10 ,  G01N23/09 ,  G01T3/00 ,  G03C5/16

Abstract: The formation of a permanent image of a fast neutron beam on cellulose nitrate film. The cellulose nitrate film is positioned between a converter film made of a suitable hydrogen-containing material, such as polyethylene, and the assembly attached to a back plate of aluminum. The neutron exposure is made with the neutrons impinging on the uncovered polyethylene face. Elastic scattering of fast neutrons by the nuclei of the hydrogen atoms in the polyethylene film produces protons which travel into the cellulose nitrate, leaving sensitized spikes therein. The cellulose nitrate film is etched by suspending in a sodium hydroxide solution and the image on the dry film viewed by transmitted light with the light source off the viewing axis.

Abstract translation: 在硝酸纤维素膜上形成快速中子束的永久性图像。 硝酸纤维素膜位于由合适的含氢材料（例如聚乙烯）制成的转换膜和附着在铝背板上的组件之间。 中子暴露是用撞击在未覆盖的聚乙烯表面上的中子进行的。 聚乙烯薄膜中氢原子核的快中子的弹性散射产生了进入硝酸纤维素的质子，在其中留下敏化的尖峰。 通过悬浮在氢氧化钠溶液中蚀刻硝酸纤维素膜，并且通过透射光观察干膜上的图像，其中光源离观察轴。