Abstract:
Various types of passive optical networks operate simultaneously in one passive optical network system comprising an optical line terminal, a passive remote node, and multiple optical network units. Downstream data is orthogonal frequency division multiplexed onto a single wavelength optical carrier transmitted on a primary downstream optical beam from the optical line terminal to a splitter in the passive remote node. The primary downstream optical beam is split into multiple secondary downstream optical beams; each is transmitted to a specific optical network unit. Upstream data is orthogonal frequency division multiplexed onto a single wavelength optical carrier transmitted on a secondary upstream optical beam from each optical network unit to a coupler in the passive remote node. The upstream wavelength for each optical network unit is different. The wavelength division multiplexed optical beam is transmitted from the passive remote node to a parallel signal detector in the optical line terminal.
Abstract:
A system and method for virtual I/Q multiplexing in optical code division for secure local area OFDM includes encoding a wide spectrum signal, which includes a plurality of spectral bins, to provide a complementary spectral coding over at least two channels. The complementary spectral codings are intensity modulated with opposite polarity for each channel. An M-ary Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (OFDM) signal is modulated using the complementary spectral codings of opposite polarity with separate complementary spectral encoded (CSE) optical codes to provide a virtual in-phase (I) and quadrature (Q) (I/Q) multiplexing for the OFDM signal.
Abstract:
Methods and systems for controlling power fluctuations in a network including a plurality of nodes are disclosed. A node in the network may be configured to modify power levels in accordance with either an active state or an inactive state. The node may transition to an inactive state in response to a power change that exceeds a power change threshold. The role of the node in controlling the power fluctuation in the network is reduced in the inactive state.
Abstract:
An interference detecting circuit for use in an ATSC system and for detecting interference of an ATSC signal includes: a buffering module for delaying to output a first PN63 synchronization format data when receiving the first PN63 synchronization format data; a correlation arithmetic circuit coupled to the buffering module for receiving the ATSC signal and performing a correlation operation on a second PN63 synchronization format data and the delayed first PN63 synchronization format data to output a detection signal when receiving the second PN63 synchronization format data; and a determining circuit for determining whether performing interference rejection on the ATSC signal or not according to the result of the above-mentioned correlation operation.
Abstract:
Optical packets are generated by generating a first optical beam with a first wavelength and a second optical beam with a second optical beam. The first optical beam is modulated with a payload signal and then filtered to reduce the bandwidth of the signal. The second optical beam is modulated with a label signal. The filtered modulated first optical beam and modulated second optical beam are combined to generate a dual-wavelength optical beam.
Abstract:
A method of enhancing dopant activation without suffering additional dopant diffusion, includes forming shallow and lightly-doped source/drain extension regions in a semiconductor substrate, performing a first anneal process on the source/drain extension regions, forming deep and heavily-doped source/drain regions in the substrate adjacent to the source/drain extension regions, and performing a second anneal process on source/drain regions. The first anneal process is a flash anneal process performed for a time of between about 1 millisecond and 3 milliseconds, and the second anneal process is a rapid thermal anneal process performed for a time of between about 1 second and 30 seconds.
Abstract:
An optical device includes an interferometer for a received optical differential phase shift keying DPSK signal, and an equalizer integrated with the interferometer in a manner for reducing from optical filtering effects an interference by signal bits of the DPSK signal with signal bits of a contiguous DPSK signal. The interferometer is a Michelson delay interferometer type, but can also be a Mach-Zehnder delay interferometer type on fiber, waveguide or other optical structure. The equalizer is a Fabry-Perot type equalizer, but can be a ring resonator type or a fiber based equalizer.
Abstract:
Compositions having good wrinkle resistance and other properties when made into garments an be made from an ethylene multi-block copolymers. The resulting fabrics and garments often have good chemical resistance, heat-resistances, and are dimensionally stable.
Abstract:
A bale of elastomer composite is formed of elastomer and filler, the bale having a void volume of at least 3%. In another aspect, a container is provided, at least a portion of the container being occupied by elastomer composite pieces of elastomer and filler, wherein the occupied portion of the container has a void volume of at least 3%.