摘要:
Methods and systems for controlling power fluctuations in a network including a plurality of nodes are disclosed. A node in the network may be configured to modify power levels in accordance with either an active state or an inactive state. The node may transition to an inactive state in response to a power change that exceeds a power change threshold. The role of the node in controlling the power fluctuation in the network is reduced in the inactive state.
摘要:
Methods and systems for controlling power fluctuations in a network including a plurality of nodes are disclosed. A node in the network may be configured to modify power levels in accordance with either an active state or an inactive state. The node may transition to an inactive state in response to a power change that exceeds a power change threshold. The role of the node in controlling the power fluctuation in the network is reduced in the inactive state.
摘要:
A flexible band tunable filter design is disclosed which is capable of selecting any single channel or multiple of adjacent channels in a waveband of an optical signal in an optical communication network. The flexible band tunable filter has particular application in wavelength division multiplexing communication networks.
摘要:
A tunable asymmetric interleaver constructed from two symmetric interleavers in series, wherein either or both of the individual symmetric interleavers exhibit a wavelength shifting ability. Advantageously, tunable asymmetric interleavers so constructed provide continuous tunable interleaving ratios from 0:100 to 50:50 to 100:0 and provide attractive upgrade paths for existing and future DWDM networks and applications.
摘要:
A flexible waveband deaggregator/aggregator design is disclosed, including an embodiment that utilizes flexible band tunable filters and an embodiment that utilizes tunable interleavers. An optical cross-connect design is also disclosed which utilizes the flexible waveband deaggregators and which can replace a core all-optical switch with a fiber interconnect matrix.
摘要:
A flexible waveband deaggregator/aggregator design is disclosed, including an embodiment that utilizes flexible band tunable filters and an embodiment that utilizes tunable interleavers. An optical cross-connect design is also disclosed which utilizes the flexible waveband deaggregators and which can replace a core all-optical switch with a fiber interconnect matrix.
摘要:
An improved optical add/drop multiplexer design is disclosed which utilizes flexible band tunable filters and colorless demultiplexers to process any contiguous group of channels. A modular optical add/drop architecture is also disclosed which allows additional processing capabilities to be added module by module in a cost-effective fashion.
摘要:
The present invention is directed to provide an etching agent for a semiconductor substrate, which is capable of etching a titanium (Ti)-based metal film or a tungsten (W)-based metal film on a semiconductor substrate and an etching method using relevant etching agent, and relates to a liquid for preparing the etching agent for a semiconductor substrate composed of a solution comprising (A) hydrogen peroxide, (B) a phosphonic acid chelating agent having a hydroxyl group, (C) a basic compound, and (D-1) a copper anticorrosive and/or (D-2) 0.01 to 3% by weight of two or more kinds of anion species other than phosphonic acid chelating agents having a hydroxyl group, in which anion species have no oxidizing power, an etching method characterized by etching a titanium (Ti)-based metal film or a tungsten (W)-based metal film on a semiconductor substrate using relevant etching agent for a semiconductor substrate, further, a solution comprising (B) a phosphonic acid chelating agent having a hydroxyl group, (C) a basic compound, and (D-1) a copper anticorrosive and/or (D-2) anion species other than phosphonic acid chelating agents having a hydroxyl group, in which anion species have no oxidizing power.
摘要:
A network element provides an interworking function between plural networks. The network element includes a first network forwarding function block for forwarding packets in a first network, a first network control function block for controlling the first network forwarding function block, a second network forwarding function block for forwarding frames along a connection-oriented path in a second network, and a second network control function block for controlling the second network forwarding function block.
摘要:
Light is emitted from a light-emitting element toward an irradiated medium, and returning light reflected by the irradiated medium is diffracted by a hologram device. A polarizer polarizes the light diffracted by the hologram device to produce first polarized light that has passed through the polarizer and second polarized light that has been reflected by the polarizer. The first polarized light is detected by a first light-detecting element, and the second polarized light is detected by a second light-detecting element. A magnetooptical signal is generated as the difference between the intensities of the first and second polarized lights which are detected respectively by the first and second light-detecting elements.