摘要:
In a slit scan type projection exposure apparatus, a predetermined number of pulsed lights are emitted from a pulsed light source to transfer a pattern on a reticle to a wafer while the reticle and the wafer are scanned at a constant speed with respect to an exposure area on the wafer. At that time, not only fluctuations of the energies of the pulsed lights but also fluctuations of light emission timing of the pulsed lights are taken into consideration.
摘要:
An exposure amount control device for controlling an integrated exposure amount of pulsed light to a photosensitive substrate within a predetermined range in which a pattern of a mask is successively exposed on the substrate by synchronously scanning the mask forming the pattern to be exposed and the photosensitive substrate relatively with respect to a predetermined illumination area illuminated with pulsed light from a pulsed light source, satisfies the following relationship: .DELTA.D.sub.12 .gtoreq.D/(2N.sub.min) wherein luminous intensity distribution of the predetermined illumination area in a scan direction is shaped to be a trapezoid, .DELTA.D.sub.12 is an average value of half of the widths of the slope portions on the lateral sides of the trapezoid-shaped luminous intensity distribution in the scan direction, D is the width, at half peak value points, of the luminous intensity distribution on the predetermined illumination area of the substrate in the scan direction and N.sub.min is a minimum number of exposure pulses necessary for controlling an integrated exposure amount at respective points on the substrate within predetermined accuracy.
摘要:
The purpose of the present invention is to provide an oil-in-alcohol emulsified composition that the oil phase is uniformly and stably dispersed into an outer phase which is mainly comprised of a lower alcohol. Accordingly, the oil-in-alcohol emulsified composition of the present invention comprising: (a) an oily component, (b) a lower alcohol, (c) water, and (d) an emulsifier which comprising one or more of polyether-modified silicones represented by the following general formula (1), ##STR1## �In the formula: A is a polyalkylene group shown as the general formula: --C.sub.3 H.sub.6 O(C.sub.2 H.sub.4 O).sub.a (C.sub.3 H.sub.6 O).sub.b R' (where R' is a group selected from the group of a hydrogen atom, an acyl group, and alkyl groups having a carbon number of 1 to 4, where a is an integer of 5 to 50, and where b is an integer of 5 to 50.); R is a methyl group or a phenyl group; m is an integer of 50 to 1,000; and n is an integer of 1 to 40.!.
摘要:
A multilayer ceramic part including dielectric ceramic layers and internal conductor layers is prepared by forming dielectric ceramic layers from an oxide system dielectric ceramic material having a sintering completion temperature between the melting point and the boiling point of the internal conductor. A pattern of internal conductor is formed on dielectric ceramic layers. The dielectric ceramic layers are placed one on another so as to sandwich the internal conductor pattern therebetween. The laminate is fired at or above the melting point of the internal conductor, optionally in an atmosphere having a controlled oxygen partial pressure. Since the dielectric ceramic material has an improved dielectric constant and dielectric loss and the internal conductor is densified and improved in surface property, the part is improved in resonator Q value and other properties. This minimizes the occurrence of defective parts in which the internal conductor is separated from the dielectric ceramic layer and minimizes a failure in the internal conductor layer.
摘要:
An apparatus for detecting positions is provided with an auxiliary pattern adjacent to the opaque portion of an index pattern, which has a spatial frequency higher than the insulating spatial frequency of an imaging system in order to obtain a stable signal portion (slope). Using this slope, the positional information of the index pattern is obtained, and on the basis of the positional information, the positions of wafer alignment marks are detected.
摘要:
A circulator includes a circulator element (50) with inner conductors (41) having a predetermined pattern and an insulating ferromagnetic material body (40) closely surrounding the inner conductors. The insulating ferromagnetic material body is constituted by a fired single continuous body. The circulator also includes a plurality of terminal electrodes (76) formed on side surfaces of the circulator element and electrically connected to one end of the inner conductors, a plurality of circuit elements (51a, 51b, 51c) electrically connected to the terminal electrodes, and excitation permanent magnets (52, 53) for applying a dc magnetic field to the circulator element.
摘要:
An exposure apparatus in an exposure operation involving image composing or photocomposing, adapts an alignment method for defining the actual positions of all the shot areas on a wafer by sample alignment prior to the exposure operation. It is assumed that a substrate, such as a wafer, is provided with regularly positioned plural image transfer areas each of which is divided into at least two partial areas, and the apparatus executes superimposed exposures with different of the same patterns respectively by a step-and-repeat or step-and-scan-method.
摘要:
A projection exposure apparatus for manufacturing semiconductor elements has a control system for correcting changes in imaging characteristics with high precision on a real-time basis and for correcting imaging characteristics of a projecting lens on the basis of information associated with the history of light incident on the projection lens, wherein even if the history information of incident light is lost, due to a power failure, for example, or an error occurs in the information, correction control for the imaging characteristics can be restored with high precision.
摘要:
An exposure apparatus for exposing to a substrate the image of the desired pattern of a mask having a mark and a desired pattern formed thereon. Light source for illuminating the mask by at least part of the laser light from the light source, a projection optical system, movable stage, position detecting for detecting the relative position of the stage and the mask and outputting a position signal, a fiducial member formed integrally with the stage, the fiducial member having a fiducial pattern disposed thereon. A second illuminating optical system for illuminating the fiducial pattern from the opposite side of the projection optical system with respect to the fiducial member. The second illuminating optical system having a plurality of reflecting members for directing at least part of the laser light from the light source to the fiducial pattern. Normalizing a second detection signal on the basis of a first detection signal, and processing for determining the position of the image of the mark formed on the predetermined surface by the projection optical system, on the basis of a position signal and the second normalized detection signal.
摘要:
An exposure method for photolithography comprises the steps of forming a pattern on a substrate by the use of a first exposure apparatus including a first imaging optical system having a reduction magnification 1/.beta.1 and an image circle of a diameter .phi.1, and forming a second pattern on the substrate on which the first pattern has been formed, by the use of a second exposure apparatus including a second imaging optical system having a reduction magnification 1/.beta.2 different from the reduction magnification 1/.beta.1 and an image circle of a diameter .phi.2, wherein when N is an integer, the conditions that .beta.1.times..phi.1=.beta.2.times..phi.2 and .phi.1=N.times..phi.2 are satisfied.
摘要翻译:用于光刻的曝光方法包括以下步骤:通过使用包括具有缩小倍率1 /β1的第一成像光学系统和直径φ1的图像圆的第一曝光装置在基板上形成图案,并且形成 通过使用包括具有不同于缩小倍率1 /β1的缩小倍率1 /β2的第二成像光学系统的第二曝光装置和形成第一图案的图像圆的第二图案, 直径phi 2,其中当N是整数时,满足β1 phi 1 =β2 ph 2和ph 1 = N x ph 2的条件。